AIM:To study the effect of different quantities of carboxymethyl chitosan(CMCT) modification to the pharmacokinetic performance of PTX-LP in rats.METHODS:Plasma was extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether and Norethisterone was employed as internal standard after i.v.unmodified PTX-LP,(0.1)%CMCT modified PTX-LP and(0.2)%CMCT modified PTX-LP in rats.Plasma samples were analyzed on a C_(18) column at 227 nm and the mobile phase was methanol and water(6535,v/v).RESULTS:The plasma concentration-time profile in rats after iv.unmodified PTX-LP,(0.1)% CMCT modified PTX-LP and(0.2)% CMCT modified PTX-LP follow bi-exponential disposition.T_(1/2?) are(11.20),(15.55) and(30.6) h respectively,AUC were(2541.99),(2748.78) and(3451.64)(mg?L~(-1)?min) for each of them.CONCLUSION:Significant changes of in vivo pharmacokinetic performance have been found after CMCT modification to PTX-LP in rats by comparison with unmodified LP.T_(1/2?) and circulation time in plasma have been lengthened and AUC has been improved in some extent.We found that this kind of long circulating action had some correlation with the quantities of CMCT employed.

Objective To explore the clinical application of 3D-printing model in guiding interventional management of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) and in teaching practice.Methods A patient with typical BCS of inferior vena cava type was selected.By using MR enhanced scanning,the original MRA data of DICOM format were extracted,and then the digital data were extracted and reconstructed to obtain 3D BCS model by Simpleware software.The 3D BCS entity model,using 1 ∶ 1 ratio,was printed out by a 3D printer.An experienced chief physician made a simulated interventional manipulation on this 3D BCS entity model.Results The BCS 3D model was successfully printed.Simulated operation could be easily performed on the 3D-printing model,in this way the chief physician could make a demonstration of interventional procedure of BCS to the junior doctors and medical students.Interventional therapeutic manipulation for BCS could be well demonstrated on the 3D-printing model of BCS,which was very helpful in guiding teaching practice and in promoting the communication between doctors and patients.Conclusion The BCS 3D-printing model can truly reflect the spatial architecture features of the inferior vena cava and the hepatic veins,which are very valuable for the making of surgical plan,for the demonstration of simulation operation,and for teaching practice.Moreover,3D-printing model can stereoscopically display the location and morphology of the lesion,which can improve patient's understanding of the disease,thus,the communication between doctors and patients can be strengthened.

Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting PET is a new imaging method for prostate cancer. Its sensitivity and specificity are better than traditional imaging methods to some extent, and PSMA ligands are also better than other commonly used PET imaging agents. The application of PSMA PET imaging mainly includes tumor localization, local staging, detection of biochemical recurrence and metastasis, and guidance for the choice of therapy. Currently, PET tracers based on PSMA are mainly 68Ga or 18F labeled compounds. This article reviews these related imaging agents.

Objective To compare the clinical effect and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with 125I seed implantation with those of pure TACE in treating primary liver cancer (PHC) complicated by portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) . Methods Computer and manual retrieval of PubMed, Cochrane Library, CBM, Wan Fang Database, China National Knowledge Internet and other databases was conducted to collect the retrospective cohort studies on the comparison of the clinical effect and safety of the combination use of TACE and 125I seed implantation with those of simple TACE in treating PHC complicated by PVTT, from which the relevant data were extracted. The quality of extracted documents was assessed according to the standard of Cochrane manual. Results A total of eight articles containing 822 patients were included in this study. Meta analysis indicated that both the effective rate and disease control rate for PHC complicated by PVTT in TACE plus 125I seed implantation group were significantly higher than those in pure TACE group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The half-year, one-year and 2-year survival rates of TACE plus 125I seed implantation group were better than those of pure TACE group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05) . No statistically significant differences in the incidence of severe complications existed between the two groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion In treating PHC complicated by PVTT, the curative effect of TACE plus 125I seed implantation is superior to pure TACE. No obvious difference in the incidence of severe complications exists between the two groups.

Objective:To explore the effect of the demand-oriented system training in the training of advanced nurses in the Chest Pain Center Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2020, convenience sampling was used to select nurses who were trained in the Chest Pain Center Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital as the research subject. The nurses who engaged in advanced studies from January 2018 to June 2019 were set as the control group ( n=57) , and the nurses who engaged in advanced studies from July 2019 to December 2020 were set as the observation group ( n=60) . The control group conducted traditional training, and the observation group carried out demand-oriented system training on the basis of the control group. The theoretical and operational assessment scores, comprehensive ability and satisfaction were compared between the two groups of nurses before and after advanced studies. Results:After the intervention, the nurses in the observation group had higher scores in theoretical and operational assessment, clinical skill and management in comprehensive ability and the satisfaction score than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The effect of the demand-oriented system training in the advanced nurses in the Chest Pain Center Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory is better than the traditional training, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to address the relationship between the volume of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) with cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery calcification(CAC) in the community residents. Methods: Individuals were recruited from the Jidong Community (Tangshan City, Northern China) which mainly comprised employees of the Jidong Co. Ltd. and their family members. From July 2013 to August 2014, 2 647 participants aged ≥40 years were included in this study. The volume of EAT and coronary artery calcification score (CAC score) were determined by a 64-slice CT. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was measured by a trained sonographer using a high-resolution B-mode topographic ultrasound system. Venous blood samples were analyzed by automated analyzers in the central laboratory. A validated questionnaire specifically designed for this study was used to collect demographic data from all participants by trained doctors. Characteristics of study cohort were compared according to quartiles of EAT volume (n=660, 663, 662, 662, repectively). Results: (1) The mean age of participants was (55.31±7.76) years and 49.94% (n=1 322) were men. The median EAT volume (interquartile) was 129.42 (95.66, 176.51)cm³. (2) Age, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, LDL-C, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose were significantly higher, while HDL-C level was significantly lower in participants with higher EAT volume than participants with lower EAT volume (all P<0.05). Carotid intima-media thicken (CIMT) and higher CAC score were also significantly higher in participants with higher volume of EAT. Furthermore, percentage of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia increased in proportion with increasing EAT volume (P<0.05). (3) In the linear regression, significant positive relations were found for age (β=0.019 3, 95%CI 0.017-0.021, P<0.001), waist circumference (β=0.012 7, 95%CI 0.009-0.016, P<0.001), BMI (β=0.022 4, 95%CI 0.013-0.032, P<0.001), LDL-C (β=0.048 4, 95%CI 0.021-0.076, P<0.001), and HDL-C (β=-0.098 1, 95%CI-0.164--0.032, P<0.001) was inversely related to the EAT volume. (4) Logistic regression analysis indicated that EAT volume was an independent risk factor for CAC score>0 (OR=1.233, 95%CI 1.205-1.262, P<0.001) . Conclusions Our findings indicate that EAT volume is strongly correlated to cardiovascular risk factors and coronary calcification and is an independent risk factor of increased coronary calcification in community residents.

In order to improve the wearing comfort and bearing effectiveness of the exoskeleton, based on the prototype and working mechanism analysis of a relaxation wearable system for knee exoskeleton robot, the static optimization synthesis and its method are studied. Firstly, based on the construction of the virtual prototype model of the system, a comprehensive wearable comfort evaluation index considering the factors such as stress, deformation and the proportion of stress nodes was constructed. Secondly, based on the static simulation and evaluation index of system virtual prototype, multi-objective genetic optimization and local optimization synthesis of armor layer topology were carried out. Finally, the model reconstruction simulation data confirmed that the system had good wearing comfort. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the bearing performance and prototype construction of the subsequent wearable system.
Humans ; Exoskeleton Device ; Computer Simulation ; Emotions ; Knee Joint