Objective To compare the status of nurses′cognition on children′s pain between the pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and common wards .Methods Surveys were completed by the pediatric nurses through the WeChat platform ,3 283 quali‐fied surveys from department of nursing of 11 three level of first‐class hospital in central China ,were sent back and analyzed . Results There was no statistical difference in the age ,marital status ,professional title ,highest academic qualifications ,and the dis‐tribution of professional nursing service life between PICU nurses and common ward nurses(P>0 .05) .Statistical differences were found among the sex ,the positions ,the experiences of nursing and the pediatric nursing (P< 0 .05) .Significant differences were found between the total score of the PNKAS of the PICU nurses and that of common ward nurses(P<0 .05) .Among the four di‐mensionalities ,statistical difference was only found in the item of pharmacological analgesia between PICU nurses and common ward nurses (P<0 .05) .There were no statistical difference on the correct ratio of the top three correct answers and the top three wrong answers between PICU nurses and common ward nurses(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The knowledge of the PICU nurses and common ward nurses were both not optimistic .Specific training should be provided according to the different status of the PICU nurses and common ward nurses ,so that better pain management would be provided to the pediatric children .

Objective To investigate the mental health status of adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infection or acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS).Methods Ninety-four patients with HIV infection or AIDS and 38 healthy subjects were enrolled and filled in the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),Coping Styles Questionnaire(CSQ)and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ).Resultsin SCL-90,the scores of compulsion ,depression,anxiety and psychoticism factor were significantly increased in the patient group(all P＜0.05).In the study group,the scores of depression and paranoid ideation factors of male patients were higher than those of female patients.For the participants with HIV infection or AIDS,several factors of SCL-90 were correlative with CSQ and EPQ(r=0.21 to 0.70).ConclusionEmotional disorders may be the most common mental problem of patients with HIV infection or AIDS,and social and psychological supports should be needed.

AIM: To investigate the changes on immunological function in antigen-sensitized mice injected by dermatophagoides farinaeliposomes (DF) subcutaneously. METHODS: BALB/c mice were sensitized with DF antigen injected subcutaneously. After injected by DF liposomes with 1, 3, and 9 ?g?g -1 dosage respectively, the total IgE, total IgG, DF specific IgE(sIgE), DF specific IgG (sIgG), IL-4, and IFN-? were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The total IgE, sIgE, total IgG, and sIgG in the serum of sensitized mice increased, the level of IFN-? reduced and IL-4 increased. After injected subcutaneously by DF liposomes, the total IgE, sIgE and IL-4 in the serum of mice of all the treatment groups reduced, and IFN-? raised, and the total IgG, sIgG raised in the serum of mice administrated with small and medium dosage, but the low dosage was more obvious. CONCLUSION: DF liposomes have some effects on the immunological function in mite-sensitized mice in the low dosage.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of breast conserving surgery ( BCS) in patients with early breast cancer after local lumpectomy . Methods Clinical data of 26 patients who previously had received local lumpectomy from January 2009 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed .All the patients were diagnosed as solitary invasive ductal carcinoma with preoperative staging of T1N0M0.The interval from lumpectomy to BCS was 6-24 days (mean, 10 days) and the maximum diameter of tumors before first operation was 1-2 cm (mean, 1.6 cm).The shortest distance between nipple and operative incision was 2-6 cm (mean, 4.5 cm). Results The operations were successfully completed in all 26 patients, 15 of which received sentinel lymph node biopsy and 11 of which received axillary lymph node dissection .The hospital stay was 3-5 days with stage-Ⅰhealing of incision .All patients received whole breast radiation therapy after BCS .There was no local recurrence or distant metastasis during 2 -5 year ’ s follow-up (median, 32 months).All the patients were satisfied with the shape of breast and the quality of life . Conclusion For those patients with early breast cancer who have received local lumpectomy , meet the requirement of CBS , and have the willing of breast conserving , BCS is an ideal choice after rigid application of surgical indications .

We built rats model of endometriosis applying autologus endometrial transplants to compare the graft vol-ume of the modeling rats before and after dosing,serum tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)levels in rats,and the expressions of vascular endothelial cell growth factor(VEGF)in ectopic endometrium.To compare with the control group,the graft volume of DingKunDan group was reduced and the serum TNF-αlevel declined ,and also the ex-pression of VEGF in ectopic endometrium was reduced.Their differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). DingKunDan can inhibit the growth of ectopic endometrium in endometrosis model rats.The mechanism may be re-lated to the decrease of the serum TNF-αlevel and the VEGF expression.

Objective To investigate the effects of emulsified isoflurane preconditioning on lung ischemia-reperfusion (Ⅰ/R) injury in rats.Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-320 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),group Ⅰ/R,intralipid group (group IL),and emulsified isoflurane preconditioning group (group EI).Lung Ⅰ/R was produced by clamping the left hilum of lungs for 1 h followed by 2 h of reperfusion in anesthetized rats.In group S,intraperitoneal normal saline 10.5 ml/kg was injected,but the hilum was only exposed 24 h later.In groups Ⅰ/R,IL and EI,intraperitoneal normal saline 10.5 ml/kg,30％ intralipid 10.5 ml/kg and 8％ emulsified isoflurane 10.5 ml/kg were injected intraperitoneally,respectively,and then the model was established 24 h later.At the end of reperfusion,blood samples were collected from the left ventricle for measurement of PaO2,PaCO2,plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (by ELISA).The rats were then sacrificed,and left lungs were removed immediately for microscopic examination and for determination of myleoperoxidase (MPO) activity (using colorimetric method) in pulmonary specimens.Wet/dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio) was calculated.Results Compared with group S,W/D ratio,MPO activity,plasma MDA concentration and PaCO2 were significantly increased,and PaO2 was decreased in the other three groups.Compared with group Ⅰ/R,W/D ratio,MPO activity,plasma MDA concentration and PaCO2 were significantly decreased,and PaO2 was increased in IL and EI groups.W/D ratio,MPO activity,plasma MDA concentration and PaCO2 were significantly lower,and PaO2 was higher in group EI than in group IL.The pathological changes of the lung were significantly attenuated in group EI compared with group Ⅰ/R.Conclusion Emulsified isoflurane preconditioning can reduce lung Ⅰ/R injury in rats,and inhibition of pulmonary inflammatory responses and of production of oxygen free radicals are involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of motor endplates in musculuslevatorani of dif-ferent gestational ages. Methods 20~24 weeks female fetuses were categorized as Group A, and 24~28 weeks female fetuses as group B. Karnovsky-Roots iron cyanide copper staining ( hematoxylin) was used to study the aver-age weight, the morphology, distribution and changes in number of motor end plate. Results The motor endplates morphology and distribution of consistent oval of 20 ~28 weeks female fetuses showed a curve distribution in the musculuslevatorani fibers foreign 1/3 . The weight and numbers of motor endplates in Group A were less than those of group B. Conclusion 20 ~28 weeks female fetuses' musculuslevatorani are visible on the motor end plates, and no significant difference is found in morphology and distribution of the curve along the muscle fibers. The num-ber of motor endplates increases with the increase of anal muscle weight mentioned.

Objective To assess the efficacy of vancomycin flush solution for prevention of catheter-related infections in oncology patients. Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were searched and identified from Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, CNKI and related journals were also scanned. In accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria, we evaluated the quality of the included studies by Jadad scale and analyzed the data of catheter- related sepsis, catheter colonization, exit- site infection by RevMan 5.0. Results We included 5 randomized controlled trials (400 patients). Meta analysis showed that there were statistical differences between vancomycin- heparin mixture and heparin solution on the incidence of catheter-related sepsis, catheter colonization, but no difference was found on the incidence of exit-site infection. Conclusions The current evidences show that contrast with heparin flush solution, van comycin - heparin flush solution can significantly reduce the incidence, of catheter - related sepsis and catheter colonization. But vancomycin-heparin flush solution was more effective, and the results should be further confirmed in prevention of Gram-positive bacterial and fungal catheter-related infections or in non- neutropenic patients. Before draw the conclusions, further high-quality, large scale, double-blind randomized controlled trials are still needed.

Objective To study the cause,clinical characteristics and treatment of HFmrEF,HFrEF and HFpEF patients.Methods Three hundred and eighty-five heart failure (HF) patients aged ≥60 years admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to March 2017 were divided into HFrEF group (n=96),HFmrEF group (n=34) and HFpEF group (n=255) according to their ejection fraction.Their demographic data,HF cause,clinical characteristics,cardiac ultrasonographic data,laboratory testing data and therapies were recorded.Their clinical characteristics were compared.Results The number of males was greater and the cardiac function grade Ⅳ was higher in HFmrEF group than in HFrEF and HFpEF groups.The incidence of hypertension was the highest followed by that of valvular disease.The number of HFmrEF patients who used intravenous nitrates,spironolactone and milrinone was greater than that of HFpEF and HFrEF patients who used intravenous nitrates,spironolactone and milrinone.The serum creatinine level was higher in HFmrEF patients than in HFpEF and HFrEF patients at the time when they were discharged.Conclusion Hypertension and valvular disease are the mian risk factors for HFmrEF.The number of males is greater and the cardiac function grade Ⅳ is higher in HFmrEF patients than in HFrEF and HFpEF patients.The serum creatinine level is higher and the outcome is better in HFmrEF patients than in HFrEF and HFpEF patients at the time when they are discharged.