Objective To investigate the feasibility of repairing the radius defect with inductive bone regeneration membrane combined with freezed allogenic bone. Methods Preparation PLGA/bBMP+IGF-Ⅱ+ bFGF complosite was prepared as artificial periosteum. Twenty seven rabbits with 1.0 cm long right radius segmental osteoperiosteum defect were werved as the animal model, and randomly assigned to 3 groups with 9 in eath group; Group A: the defects were connected with the PLGA/bBMP+IGF-Ⅱ+bFGF membrane and allogenic bone; Group B: the defects were treated with the PLGA/bBMP+IGF-Ⅱ+bFGF membrane; Group C: the defects were implanted only woth allogenic bone grafts. Animals were killed at 2, 4, 8 weeks postoperation respectively. The healing was study with radiological, histological and immunological methods. Results The osteogenic ability in PLGA/bBMP+IGF-Ⅱ+bFGF group was superior to that in the other groups. The defects of group A ware fully repaired at week 8; bony bridging under remodeling was observed in group B; and the putrescence of allogenic bone which was packaged by mass of connective tissue was observed with group C; Group A caused lower titer of antibody than group C and inhibited lymphocytes reproduction in vitro; There was significant difference between group A and group C. Conclusion PLGA/bBMP+IGF-Ⅱ+bFGF artificial periosteum had provided a excellent osteoinduction condition. Artificial periosteum combined with freezed allogenic bone can effectively promote the rapair of radius defects of rabbit.

Traditional sample entropy fails to quantify inherent long-range dependencies among real data. Multiscale sample entropy (MSE) can detect intrinsic correlations in data, but it is usually used in univariate data. To generalize this method for multichannel data, we introduced multivariate multiscale entropy into multiscale signals as a reflection of the nonlinear dynamic correlation. But traditional multivariate multiscale entropy has a large quantity of computation and costs a large period of time and space for more channel system, so that it can not reflect the correlation between variables timely and accurately. In this paper, therefore, an improved multivariate multiscale entropy embeds on all variables at the same time, instead of embedding on a single variable as in the traditional methods, to solve the memory overflow while the number of channels rise, and it is more suitable for the actual multivariate signal analysis. The method was tested in simulation data and Bonn epilepsy dataset. The simulation results showed that the proposed method had a good performance to distinguish correlation data. Bonn epilepsy dataset experiment also showed that the method had a better classification accuracy among the five data set, especially with an accuracy of 100% for data collection of Z and S.
Algorithms ; Electroencephalography ; Entropy ; Epilepsy ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nonlinear Dynamics

Objective To evaluate the method and clinical effect of subtalar joint distractor assisted open reduction and internal fixation of comminuted intra-articular calcaneal fracture.Methods Twenty-two patients with fresh closed calcaneal fracture treated with open reduction and internal fixation from May 2011 to July 2013 were included in the study.According to the modes of operation,the patients were randomly divided into two groups (n =11 in each):in group A patients underwent fracture reduction assisted by subtalar joint distractor and in group B patients underwent Steinmann pin traction and poking reduction.All were fixed using the lateral calcaneal plate.Operation time,B(o)hler angle,Gissanes angle,calcaneus height,incision healing time and complications of the two groups were investigated for evaluating the effect of operation.Clinical effect was evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score before the removal of internal fixation.Results Period of follow-up was (14.3±0.8)months (range,12 to 18 months).Two patients in group B had delayed wound healing,and were treated with regular wound care.At the final follow-up,no infection,nonunion,malunion and internal fixation failure were observed.B(o)hler angle,operation time and calcaneus height observed in group A were superior to those in group B (P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in Gissanes angle between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared to the preoperative data,B(o)hler angle,Gissanes angle and calcaneus height were significantly improved in both groups (P ＜0.01).AOFAS score was (83.6 ± 1.4) points in group A and (81.7 ± 1.5) points in group B.Conclusion Subtalar joint distractor assisted open reduction and internal fixation is effective to shorten operation time,improve fracture reduction,reduce wound complications and increase the operative effect for comminuted intraarticular calcaneal fracture.

Objective To investigate the effect of estrogen on regression of vascular calcification in rats induced by vitamin D3 plus nicotine.Methods Ninety-six female SD rats were divided randomly into control group (n=24) and calcification group (n=72).Vascular calcification of 72 rats was induced by vitamin D3 and nicotine (VDN).On the day 1,the VDN group rats were injected with vitamin D3(300 000 U/kg,i.m),and were intragastric administrated with nicotine (25 mg/kg),after 9 hours,another dosage of nicotine was given again.After 4 weeks,the VDN group rats were subdivided randomly into 4 groups:VDN group(n=16),Sham operation group (n=16),ovariotomy group (n=16),estrogen group(after ovariotomy,17β-estrogen was subcutaneously injected,50 μg· kg-1· d-1,n=16).Results After 4 weeks,the VDN group showed obvious vascular calcification,and calcium content of the vessel wall was significantly higher than that of control group (P＜0.01).Extensive calcification was witnessed on the aortic tunica media of the VDN group.After 12 and 8 weeks,the calcium content of the vessel wall in each subdivided groups was significantly lower than that at 4 weeks point(P＜0.01),and the lowest calcinm content was in estrogen group,meanwhile the reduction of previously accumulated arterial calcium precipitate in each group was different.Conclusions It is a reversible process that vascular calcification induced by vitamin D plus nicotine in rats.Estrogen can promote the regression of vascular calcification.

Objective Detecting the changes of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) during rat liver regeneration so as to study the role of VEGF in the course of liver regeneration. Methods Three hundred adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group,sham operated group and test group.After taking out liver tissue and isolating hepatocytes at different phases after 2/3 rat hepatectomy,the change of VEGF expression was detected by both immunocytochemistry and Western blotting. Results The results of immunocytochemistry showed that VEGF positive cells were little in normal liver.The amounts of immunoreaction positive cells began to increase after 24 h of partial hepatectomy(P

This study was aimed to analyze the regulation of syndrome-treatment pattern of classical Chinese medici-nal formulae for emotional diseases based on formal concept analysis. First, we dealt with the decision formal context of 51 prescriptions about emotional symptom in the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases and the Es-sentials from the Golden Cabinet based on the principle of optimization. Then, we generated a new partial-order at-tribute diagram in order to present the specific character. Finally, we explained properties of partial-order structure graph from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) experts' point of view based on knowledge discovery. The results indi-cated the relationship between prescription and syndrome of emotional diseases. It was concluded that method pro-posed in this paper worked well in treatment of description of syndrome differentiation and discovery of new knowl-edge from the known data in the clinical diagnosis.

Background and purpose: Multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumor cell is the main reason for clinical chemotherapy failure as well as cancer recurrence and metastasis. This study was to construct a lentiveral vector of RNA interference of MDR1 gene and observe its inhibitive role on the expression of MDR1 in A549 and A549/DDP cells. Methods: Oligos of base pairs for hairpin RNA targeting MDR1 were chemically synthesized. Via annealing and inserting them into the down-stream of H1 promoter of linearized pSUPER, we obtained the siRNA constructs for MDR1, which were afterwards transfected into A549, a human lung cancer cell line expressing high level MDR1, the impact of constructs was observed on the expression and interference efficiency of siRNA against MDR1. The effective sequence of siRNA targeting MDR1 gene was confirmed. Both sense and antisence oligo DNA of the targeting sequence was designed, synthesized and cloned into the PTM vector, containing a promoter and a green fluorescent protein (GFP). The resulting lentiviral vector containing MDR1 siRNA was named PTM-siMDR1 and then transfected into A549 and A549/DDP cells after being confirmed by PCR and sequencing. Results: Restriction digestion and DNA sequencing showed that the siRNA constructs for MDR1 were successfully produced and the expressed siRNA could effectively down-regnlate the expression of MDRI. PCR demonstrated that the lentivirus RNAi vector of MDR1 producing PTM-siMDR1 was constructed successfully. The chemosensitivity of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin were enhanced obviously after trartsfection. Conclusion: The lentivirus RNAi vector of MDR1 can significantly revise the resistance ofA549/ DDP cells with eisplatin after infection.

Objective To determine the differentially expressed genes in the development of vascular medium calcification in rats using the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). Methods Twenty-four 6-week old SD rats of specific pathogen free grade were recruited and randomly allocated into calcified group (n=12) and control group (n=12). Rats were made for vascular calcification model in calcified group (vitamin D3 plus nicotine, VDN). All rats were sacrificed to measure concentration of calcium in the arterial tissue and examine the pathological lesion changes. RNA in rat aortic tunica tissue was extracted and reverse transcripted into cDNA. cDNA fragments which highly expressed calcification were isolated in calcified group using the SSH. Differentially expressed genes with cDNA fragment were inserted into PMD18-T plasmid vector and transformed to competent DH-5α by means of heating transfer. cDNA libraries of differentially expressed gene between calcified group and control group were successfully constructed. Recombinant vectors were analyzed by colony PCR. Positive genes were randomly selected for sequencing and analyzed by BLAST. Six genes, for example, were randomly selected for RT-PCR certification. Results (1) The pathological examination results demonstrated that in calcified group there were obvious calcium diposits and media squirm in tunica media of rat aortic wall, while in control group no calcium diposit was found. (2) There was statistical significance in calcium concentration in vascular tissue between calcified group[(15.34 ± 2.51)mg/g] and control group [(5.20 ± 0.75) mg/g] (P＜0.01). (3) Subtracted libraries in vascular calcification was successfully established. Ninety-two positive clones in positive library and 18 positive clones in reverse library were obtained after the colony PCR identification. The length of insertion fragments was concentrated between 150 bp and 400 bp. Calcification-related 43 up-regulated genes and 11 down-regulated genes were obtained through sequencing and BLAST analysis in positive clones. RT-PCR validation indicated that the expressions of 5 genes such as CytoP450 and Nell1 had greater increase in calcified group than those in control group, the average fold change was 1.71.Conclusions Model of vascular calcification induced by vitamin D3 plus nicotine is successfully constructed. Related gene expression spectrum is changed in the process of vascular calcification.Some ossification genes and genes associated with apoptosis, oxidation, inflammation and cytokines are up-regulated. At the same time, some genes which possibly inhibit vascular calcification are down -regulated.

Objective To study the prevalence and associated factors of loneliness in individuals with speech disability.Methods Using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method,170 community-residing ver-bally disabled persons were selected and administered with a general information questionnaire,one single -item loneliness self-rating question and social support scale.A total of 204 study questionnaires were distributed to the subjects;170 subjects(mean age:43.1±13.7 years)completed the survey.Results As high as 46.47% (79/170)of these verbally disabled individuals reported to feel lonely often.Females (OR=2.45),unemployment (OR=2.95), first and second degrees of disability (OR=4.35),co-existence of chronic illnesses (OR=6.50)and low utiliza-tion of social support (OR=2.58)were significantly associated with the increased risk of loneliness in persons with speech disability (P =0.002~0.046).Conclusion Loneliness is highly prevalent in individuals with speech disabili-ty.Verbally disabled persons,who are female,unemployed,severely disabled,and chronically ill and have a low use of social support,are the target population of mental health services.

National Health Information System is mainly used to support decision-making and to improve the current national health situation.Its importance to display the current national health situation and its problems in developing countries were analyzed with the need to construct its effective evaluation framework system pointed out.Construc-tion of UML-based evaluation framework system for National Health Information System was proposed in order to support decision-making and to provide evidence for the health policy makers by comparing the evaluation frame-work systems for National Health Information System in developing countries .