One hundred and fifteen patients with rheumatic mi- tral stenosis were treated with Percutaneous Balloon Mi- tral Valvuloplasty (PBMV) from August,1988 to May, 1993.110 patient (94.5%) had successful operations. The observations showed that PBMV can enlarge the stenostic mitral orifice area over 1 time (from 1.04?0. 26cm to 2.08?0.32 cm,P

Objective To determine the likelihood of G-protein coupled receptor 56 (GPR56 ) induces axonal development and myelination in the corpus callosum of mouse brain.Methods A total of 64 Gpr56 +/-and Gpr56 -/-mice were selected and randomly divided into two groups:Gpr56 +/-group (n=32)and Gpr56 -/-group (n=32).According to number of days after birth,each group was further divided into 4 subgroups including P7d,P14d,P21d and P28d subgroups.Levels of neurofilament-200 (NF -200)and proteolipid protein (PLP ) of myelin basic protein in corpus callosum were measured with immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot in P7d、P14d、P21d、P28d Gpr56 +/- and Gpr56 -/-mice.Gpr56 +/-and Gpr56 -/-neurons were cultured using P1 d Gpr56 +/-and Gpr56 -/-mouse brain.The lengths of Gpr56 +/- and Gpr56 -/-neuronal axon were measured and compared with Image J software. Axonal myelination in the corpus callosum of mouse brain in each group was observed under electronic microscopy and the axonal diameters between subgroups were compared.Results The levels of NF-200 and PLP in the corpus callosum in P7d、P14d、P21d、P28d Gpr56 -/-mice decreased significantly compared with Gpr56 +/- mice.The length of Gpr56 -/-neuronal axon was shortened compared with Gpr56 +/-neuronal axon.The number of myelinated axons was obviously reduced in the corpus callosum in P28d Gpr56 -/-mice.The diameter of axon in the corpus callosum of P28d Gpr56 +/-mouse is longer than that of P28d Gpr56 -/-mouse. Conclusions GPR56 may be involved in axonal development and myelination in the corpus callosum of mouse brain.

Objective To explore a new method which could detect the misplacement of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).Methods The action of coughing was applied to 252 patients and observing the changes in dripping speed.Results The accuracy rate of this new method was 100.00％ (252/252).The success rate of first PICC in these patients was also 100.00％ (252/252).Conclusions It suggests that the new method Should be effective and convenient in the assessment of PICC misplacement and it can be applied to detect the misplacement occurred in and after the process of PICC.

A full-length cDNA sequence encoding for the precursor of a venom peptide (named BmKCT) with homology to chlorotoxin has been isolated from a cDNA library made from the venom glands of the Chinese Scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch. The sequence of BmKCT is similar (68 % identities) to that of chlorotoxin isolated from Leiurus quinquestriatus quinquestriatus. To understand the biological function of BmKCT, this peptide was expressed using pGEX expression system and purified using GST affinity column and gel filtration.Whole cell patch-clamping recording showed that BmKCT could significantly inhibit chloride currents of gliomas cells, and the inhibitory effect was reversible. These results suggested that BmKCT might belong to the class of short chain toxins blocking the chloride ion channels.

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of chloride channel blocker tamoxifen on hypoxia pulmonary hypertension in rats.METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into therapeutic group(H/Q group),hypoxia group(H group),normal control group(C group).Mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP),the ratio of the weight of right ventricle to that of left ventricle plus septum[RV(LV+S)],and the ratio of the pulmonary arteriole wall area to that of vascular total area(WA/TA),were measured at 4,7,14,21 days.RESULTS:The mPAP began to increase from 7 days,and reached peak at 21 days in hypoxia group,however it is obviously lower in therapeutic group at same time.The ratio of RV(LV+S) began to increase from 14 days,and reached peak at 21 days in hypoxia group,however it is obviously lower in therapeutic group at same time.The ratio of WA/TA at 21 days in hypoxia group was significantly higher than therapeutic group,respectively(P

AIM:To observe the effect of levcromakalim(Lev) on endthelin-1(ET-1) induced proliferation and the expression of protein kinase C(PKC) in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs).METHODS: VSMCs were isolated from rat aorta and were cultured with different concentrations of Lev in vitro after stimulated to proliferation by ET-1(10~(-8)(mol?L~(-1))).Vitality of VSMCs was detected by MTT;DNA replication was evaluated by 3H-TdR method.Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and apoptosis.The expression of PKC? protein and mRNA were determined by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).RESULTS:Vitality of VSMCs and 3H-TdR intermingle rate were decreased(P

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) in elderly patients. MethodsOne hundred and fifty-two elderly male CKD patients for experimental group and 158 elderly male for control group were recruited. Demographic data and vascular risk factors were recorded. White matter lesion (WML) was semi-quantitatively assessed by cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and lacunar infarction (LI) was also calculated. Results(1) The prevalenees of hypertentsion and diabetes mellitus were higher in elderly CKD patients than those in control group (30. 9% vs. 19.0%, 23.7%vs. 14.6%;both P～0. 05). (2) The percentages of grade 2 and grade 3 WMLs were higher in elderly CKD patients than those in control group (34.9% vs. 24.1%, 25.7% vs. 16.5%;both P<0.05). Prevalence of LI was higher in elderly CKD patients than that in control group (45.4% vs.25.3% ,X2= 13. 70, P<0. 05). The similar Resultswere also obtained except for control subjects with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. (3) The logistic regression analysis showed that age, hypertension and low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were closely associated with SVD in elderly CKD patients. ConclusionsHypertention and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for CKD in elderly patients. SVD is associated with CKD, and age, hypertension and low GFR may be risk factors for SVD in elderly CKD patients.

Objective This is the first study to explore clinical application value of serum Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) detection in diagnosis of heptocellular carcinoma (HCC) by magnetic solid phase chemiluminescent immunoassay.Methods The level of serum DKK-1 and AFP in 205 cases of HCC,40 cases of liver cirrhosis,and 200 cases of healthy control were quantitatively detected by Magnetic solid phase chemiluminescent immunoassay.The area under ROC curve,sensitivity and specificity of DKK-1 and AFP for diagnosing HCC were calculated.Results The serum level of DKK-1 in HCC group was significantly higher than those of the liver cirrhosis group and healthy control group (P<0.01).DKK-1 maintained diagnostic sensitivity for patients with HCC who were alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negative (66.3%).ROC curves showed optimum diagnostic cut-off value was 2.4 ng/mL,area under curve (AUC) was 0.822 (95% CI:0.783-0.856),sensitivity 65.9%,and specificity 87.5%).Moreover,measurement of DKK1 and AFP together improved diagnostic accuracy for HCC versus all controls compared with either test alone [AUC 0.915,95%CI:0.886-0.940),sensitivity 81.5 %(P<0.05)].Conclusion Serum DKK-1 detection has an important clinical value for diagnosis of HCC,especially for HCC with AFP negative.The combined detection of serum DKK-1 and AFP can greatly increase sensitivity and accuracy for diagnosing HCC.

Objective To evaluate the value of NT-proBNP in predicting weaning outcomes of the patients with mechanical ventilation by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve. Method The data of patients after the weaning of mechanical ventilation and spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) in the intensive care unit,from July 2008 to January 2010, were retrospective reviewed. All patients were divided into the success group and failure group as per the outcomes of weaning. Demographics and the serum NT-proBNP levels measured before weaning were compared between two groups with Student t -test and Chi-square test. The ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the value of serum NT-proBNP in predicting outcomes after weaning. Results A total of 160 patients were eligible for inclusion in the study, and there were 106 cases in success group and 54 cases in failure group.Compared with the failure group, the patients of success group were younger (63.17 ± 17.00 vs. 71.28 ± 12.56,t = 2.063,P =0.024), and no difference in gender (χ2 = 0.06, P ＞ 0.05). The NT-proBNP levels of failure group were significantly higher than those of success group (Lg NT-proBNP 2.80 ± 0.72 vs. 3.75 ± 0.56, t =2.351,P =0.014). The area under cure (AUC) of the ROC cure of NT-proBNPto predict the failure of weaning was 0.855 ±0.036 (95%CI0.784 ～ 0.925) when the cut-off level of NT-proBNP was 3635.5 pg/mL. And, this NT-proBNP level had a followed predictive efficiency in weaning outcome (Youden's index: 0. 60, accuracy:82.5%, sensitivity: 75%, specificity: 84.7%, positive likelihood ratio: 4.90, negative likelihood ratio:0.295,Kappa value: 0.62). Conclusions The levels of NT-proBNP before weaning have predictive value in weaning outcome, and it may be used as one of the screening indicators for weaning.

Objective To explore the advantages and disadvantages of helicopter emergency medical services of South China in the long-distance transport for critical patients.Methods A total of 30 patients who received helicopter emergency medical services by Guangdong Generral Hospital from August 2004 to December 2014 were selected as the observation group,and the other 30 patients with similar conditions who received ground emergency medical services were selected as the control group.To analyses the difference between the two groups in the disease,transport distance,transportation time,costs and compliction by χ2-test,t-test and nonparametric test according types of data.Results There were significantly difference between two groups in transport distances (km) [578.0 (313.0,707.5)vs.214.5 (101.5,313.5),P <0.05],set-up time (min) [95.7 (56.7,133.4)vs.10.7 (6.8,15.7),P <0.05],transportation time (min) [112.3 (64.3,152.4) vs.146.8 (67.8,217.5),P <0.05],costs (yuan/h) [14378.5 (9887.0,16348.5)vs.557.0 (356.5, 787.5),P <0.05]and the distance/total time value [2.8 (1.3,4.8)vs.1.4 (0.8,2.8),P <0.05]. There was no significantly difference in the incidence of complications between two groups (χ2 =0.058,P >0.05).Conclusions Helicopter emergency medical services could shorten the transportation time of critical patients on long distance transportation,and improve the efficiency of first-aid.However,there were many disadvantages that need to be improved in the helicopter emergency medical service of China.