1.Progress on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV infection
Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2014;7(1):81-84
Anti-retroviral (ARV) drugs have been successfully used for HIV/AIDS therapy,and their uses in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV infection is becoming increasingly important,and is drawing more attentions.Reports on seven large scale,multicentric clinical trials provide significant clinical data for further study and implementation of PrEP.This article reviews the current situation,necessity,questions,problems and prospects of PrEP for HIV infection.
2.Cultivation of Clinical Thinking Ability of Medical Students
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2006;0(08):-
In clinical practice,we have adopted the methods such as intensifying the knowledge of preclinical medicine,learning to collect case history,training medical check-up,understanding the significance of auxiliary examination and encouraging the students to form the clinical thinking ability,and thus achieved satisfactory effect and obtained the positive opinion of students.
3.Effect of somatostatin and proton pump inhibitor on the siowly-activiting voltage-dependent K+ channel in the rat pancreatic acini
Jia CAI ; Wenxiang HUANG ; Hesheng LUO
Chinese Journal of Digestion 2011;31(10):690-694
Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of somatostatin and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) on Iks in pancreatic acini (RPA) by testing the change of slowly-activiting voltagedependent K+ channel current (Iks).Methods Pancreatic acini was isolated and its suspension was obtained.Iks values of different groups were recorded by an EPC10 patch clamp amplifier and the difference among the groups was compared.The groups were divided as followed:washing solution treated as control group,5 μmol/L or 20 μmol/L 293B groups,5 nmol/L secretin group,5 nmol/L secretin with somatostatin at 100 nmol/L or 10 nmol/L or 1 nmol/L groups,0.3 nmol/L 8Br-cAMP group,0.3 nmol/L 8Br-cAMP with 100 nmol/L somatostatin group,1 μmol/L acetylcholine group,1μmol/L acetylcholine with 100 nmol/L somatostatin group,5 nmol/L secretin with omeprazole at 10-5 mol/L or 10-6 mol/L or 10-7 mol/L groups,1 μmol/L acetylcholine with omeprazole at 10-5 mol/L or 10-6mol/L or 10-7 mol/L groups.Groups were compared by ANOVA,P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The resting membrane voltage of rat RPA was - (40 ± 0.8) mV,and when depolarization to +10 mV,Iks of control group was (420.0±3.2) pA.After treated with 5 μmol/L or 20 μmol/L 293B,Iks of RPA decreased to (60.4±4.2)% and (30.2±3.1)%(F=6.87,P<0.05) of control group.Stimulated with 5 nmol/L secretin,Iks increased to (823.0±2.2) pA,and after adding somatostatin at 100 nmol/L or 10 nmol/L or 1 nmol/L,Iks decreased to (510.0±3.2) pA,(584.0±2.8) pA and (789.0±6.9) pA respectively(F=5.67,P<0.05),after adding omeprazole at 10-5mol/L or 10-6mol/L or 107mol/L,the peak of Iks was (806.5±3.6) pA,(814.8±3.2) pA and (816.3±2.9) pA (P>0.05).After stimulated with 1 μmol/L acetylcholine,the peak value of Iks was (966.0± 3.2) pA,and after adding omeprazole at 10-5 mol/L or 10-6 mol/L or 107mol/L,the peak of Iks was (956.3±10.3) pA,(957.5±8.6) pA and (960.0±8.4) pA (P>0.05).Conclusion Somatostatin can inhibit Iks opening,and there is no significant inhibition of PPI on this channel.
4.Establishment of mouse septic peritonitis model with low pathogenic bacteria
Tao LUO ; Wenxiang HUANG ; Lixian WU
Journal of Third Military Medical University 1984;0(01):-
0.05). Conclusion The application of SRFE can decrease MLD effectively when form mice septic peritonitis models, especially for those bacteria with low pathogenicity.
5.Research on Teaching Innovation of Infectious Disease
Chao ZHUO ; Wenxiang HUANG ; Ze YUAN
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2003;0(02):-
The problems in teaching infectious disease were discussed .The measures should be taken to improve the teaching quality from the varies of aspects, such as the aim and the model of the teaching, the arrangement of curricula, the cultivation of the clinical ability, and the method of examination and the application of multi-media materials.
6.Epidemiology of disinfectant-resistant gene qacA in Staphylococcus aureus
Tingquan ZHOU ; Wenxiang HUANG ; Bei JIA ; Cheng ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy 2009;09(4):283-285
Objective To investigate the disinfectant-resistant gene qacA in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from the First Affiliated Hhospital of Chongqing Medical University. Methods A total of 126 S. aureus strains were isolated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 4 representative monovalent and bivalent disinfectants were determined. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to analyze the prevalence of qacA gene in these strains. Disk diffusion method was used to identify methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).Results Of the 126 S. aureus strains, 12 were positive for qacA gene. The prevalence of qacA in these strains was 9.5%. The prevalence of qacA gene in MRSA was 17.3%. Conclusions qacA gene is prevalent in the clinical isolates of S. aureus.
7.Summary and analysis of internet-based infectious diseases image materials
Shujun ZHANG ; Fujie LI ; Jia CAI ; Bei JIA ; Wenxiang HUANG
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2015;14(4):408-411
This paper summarizes the features of web sites that would be useful to infectious diseases physicians by exploring the Internet through search engine including Google,Baidu and Yahoo.Meanwhile,suggestions from professional forums,web sites and publications are also taken into consideration.Nine Comprehensive sites containing three categories and more of microbial pathogens,nine special sites for parasites,four special sites for fungi,two special sites for viruses and two special sites for bacteria are collected.Subjective navigation for each site is given.Features of these sites,including laboratory images,clinical images and number of images are also described.
8.Study of the correlation between self-care capability and prognosis of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by liver cirrhosis
Shasha WANG ; Ziqiong LI ; Qinghua ZHAO ; Wenxiang HUANG
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing 2015;31(24):1829-1831
Objective To investigate the self-care agency level and analysis the relationship between the self-care ability level and the prognosis of the patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by liver cirrhosis.Methods In the first stage,78 cases of liver cirrhosis patients complicated with first eruption of upper gastrointestinal bleeding were selected,the Exercise of Self Care Agency Scale (ESCA)was adopted to assess the self care ability of patients,the results underwent analysis.In the second stage,according to the results that the proportion of scores accounted for total score ratio,the patients were divided into low,medium and high level groups.By prospective studies,through telephone follow-up and clinic follow-up,the evaluation items of patients were collected,and the survival status of patients within 3 months after discharge was compared.Results For patients with upper digestive tract bleeding caused by liver cirrhosis,the self-care scored (84.07±17.38) totally,among 78 patients selected,15.4% (12/78) was in the low level,75.6% (59/78) was in the medium level,9.0% (7/78) was in the high level.The self-care ability increased in conjunction with decreased mortality rate.The mortality rate in the lower level group was 8/12,33.9% (20/59) in the medium level group,1/7 in the higher level group,there was statistically significant difference,x2=6.3,P<0.05.The MELD-Na scores in the lower,medium and higher level groups wererespectively 34.03±4.62,22.57±3.05,12.87±1.36,F=6.0,P<0.05.Likewise,complication incidence rates were negatively correlated with self-care ability,r =-(0.525-0.189).Conclusions The self-care ability of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding caused by liver cirrhosis is in the medium level,and it exercises certain influence on prognosis of patients.Attention should be paid to cultivation of self-care ability of patients in clinic.
9.Prevalence of virulence genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical patients
Yishan DONG ; Wenxiang HUANG ; Tao LUO ; Cheng ZHANG ; Lixian WU
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 2009;29(2):177-180
Objective To investigate the prevalence of virulence genes(ply, pspA, nanA, lytA, psaA) among Streptococcus pneumoniae recently isolated from clinical patients. Methods The 133 strains were isolated from patients in three teaching hospitals in Chongqing from 2006 to 2008. Polymerase chain reaction was used to screen for virulence genes (ply, pspA, nanA, lytA, psaA). Results The positive rate of lytA, psaA, ply, nanA and pspA in 133 clinical isolates were 94.7%, 85.0%, 82.7%, 84. 2% and 60.2%, respectively. The positive rates of the lytA, psaA, ply, nanA and pspA genes in 87 common serotypes isolates was 100%, 87.4%, 86.2%, 89.7%, 67.8%, respectively. Conclusion The total positive rates of five virulence genes in the 133 clinical strains were high. The positive rates of five genes in the com-mon serotypes isolates were higher than those in the no-common serotypes. These genes are important virulence genes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. They could be candidates for protein vaccine of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
10.Practice of laboratory animal ethics in medical experiment class and its reflection
Wenxiang GAO ; Yuqi GAO ; Jian CHEN ; Qingyuan HUANG
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2013;(12):1250-1252
Animal experiment is a primary part of medical education. At present , medical students are lack of education about laboratory animal ethics and they do not usually treat animals fol-lowing rules of laboratory animal ethics. To solve this problem, we focused on the education of labora-tory animal ethics and 3R theory (reduction, replacement, refinement) in order to help the medical students treat laboratory animals nicely. We enforced the construction of the laboratory rules and regu-lations, and improved animal experiments conditions. With these efforts, we successfully standardized and scientized our experiment classes.