Objective To explore the effect of health education on improving awareness of preven-tion of upper respiratory tract infection of parents of leukemia children. Methods 25 parents were ran-domly chosen, and comprehensive health education interventions were provided, including lectures, advisory guidance and brochures. The awareness of prevention of upper respiratory tract infection of parents was e-valuated before and after health education,and the results underwent χ<'2> test. Results After health educa-tion, the awareness of prevention of upper respiratory tract infection of parents significantly improved com-pared with that before. Conclusions Health education can improve awareness of prevention of upper res-piratory tract infection of parents and decrease the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections.

Objective To investigate and summarize the clinical and high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) characteristics of invasive pulmonary fungal infections(IPFIs)in children.Methods Clinical and HRCT data of 35 cases with IPFIs admitted in our hospital between March 2007 and July 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical and HRCT characteristics were summarized.Results Thirty-five patients consisted of 23 boys and 12 girls with mean age of(3.2±1.9) years.Host factors included acute leukemia (n=12),primary immunodeficiency disease (n=4),congenital heart disease (n=2),cerebral palsy (n=2),severe influenza A infection (H1N1) (n=2),ichthyosis (n=1),acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(n=1),systemic lupus erythematous (n=1),tubercular meningitis(n=1),mechanical ventilation(n=2).All patients were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotic,ranking by descending order:third-generation cephalosporins (28 cases),carbapenems(19 cases)and vancomycin (18 cases).Seventeen cases were treated with corticosteroids systemically and 12 cases with acute leukemia took antineoplastic medicine.The symptoms of IPFIs were intermittent or persistent fever,cough and rales.HRCT results:nodules (n=25,71.4％),subpleural patchy opacities (n=24,68.6％),mass (＞3cm) (n=4,11.4％),halo sign (n=27,77.1％),cavities (n=8,22.9％),air crescent sign (n=4,11.4％),miliary nodules (n=2,5.7％),pleural effusion (n=14,40％).Conclusion There are certain specific characteristics of IPFIs in children in clinical and HRCT aspects.The possible diagnosis of IPFIs can be made based on clinical and HRCT features.

0.05). ConclusionsAdriamycin can induce apoptosis of cancer cells, and this is an important mechanism for its anticancer effect. This effect may be related to the down regulation of Bel-2 (expression).

Alzheimer′s patients bring heavy burden to their family and society, causing potential safety prob-lems unable to escort for a long time with the family, physical constraints between protection and between self-es-teem and the mental health law,the quality of life and life values produce a series of contradiction and ethical is-sues,also make close contact with their nursing staff have to face the moral and ethical dilemma.The suggestions are:Hospital provides professional full-time, professional pension caregivers of alzheimer′s patients for long-term care, Strengthen the communication of nursing staff and patients′families, Reasonable and legitimate use tools, Perfect medical system construction, buildMedical support combinedcare system, Carry out the comprehensive rehabilitation nursing intervention, improve the patients quality of life, Change service concept, strengthening the study of ethical knowledge and application to promote the doctor-patient relationship.

The red cell deformability (RCD) has been taken as a diagnostic aid in recent years. The dilute red cell suspension passes through the silicon microch annels under constant suction pressure. Such three parameters of RCD are measure d as IF (filtration index), and The results show that the above-mentioned parameters can reflect the changes of cell rheological characteristics from dif ferent aspects. With the observation of the flow passage, the rehological charac teristics can be evaluated accurately and comprehensively.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of alanyl-glutamine supplemented total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on immune function of patients with gastric cancer.MethodsFifty gastric cancer patients with radical gastrectomy were randomly divided into the control group (n=25) and experiment group (n=25). Patients in the control group received conventional TPN support, and patients in the experiment group received TPN support and alanyl-glutamine (0.34 g/kg). All patients were observed for 7 days. The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 were measured before operation and on first and eighth day after operation.ResultsAll the levels of immune function were decreased on first day after operation in two groups. But the levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, CD3, CD4 and CD4/CD8 were significantly different between two groups on eighth day after operation (P<0.05). No serious infectious complication occurred in both groups.ConclusionTPN supplemented with alanyl-glutamine can improve the immune function of patients with gastric cancer radical gastrectomy.

OBJECTIVE To study the antitumor activity and underlying mechanisms of Xiaoaiping injection(Xap)combined with gefitinib(Gef)in nude mice bearing resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells H460 or H975. METHODS BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with human NSLCL cells H460 or H1975 and the drug treatment did not start until the tumor volume reached 50-100 mm3. The tumor bearing mice were divided into four groups:control group,Xap group(5 g · kg-1,ip),Gef group (50 mg · kg-1,ig),and Xap plus Gef group. All the administration lasted for 21 d continuous. Tumor volumes were measured two or three times per week,and the body weight of animals was re-corded. At the end of the test,tumors were weighed after the sacrifice of mice. Tumor inhibition rate and relative tumor proliferation rate were calculated based on tumor weight and tumor volume. The related biomarkers and proteins in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay, respectively. RESULTS Compared with the control group,no significant effect was observed on the growth of H460 and H1975 xenografts in groups of Xap or Gef alone in nude mice. However,the two-drug combination significantly suppressed tumor volume,with (1103 ± 340) versus (3020 ± 450) mm3 for H460 and(487 ± 153)versus(1269 ± 161)mm3 for H1975,respectively(P<0.05). The combined Xap and Gef application also significantly reduced the tumor weight,with(1.20±0.52)versus(2.78± 0.93)g for H460 and(0.52 ± 0.32)versus(0.92 ± 0.42)g for H1975,respectively(P<0.05). The relative tumor proliferation rate and inhibition rate in the combination group was 42.1%and 43.5%for H460(P<0.01),43.0%and 52.5% for H1975(P<0.01). Compared with Xap and Gef drug alone,their combination showed significant difference in reducing tumor weight,suppressing tumor proliferation rate and increasing tumor inhibition rate(P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry results showed that each drug alone had no effect on tumor angiogenesis markers of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and CD105 expression,or on drug resistance related proteins of p-ERK,p-Akt and p-mTOR,whereas the combination of Xap and Gef obviously reduced the expression of these biomarkers in H460 and H1975 tumor tissues. The decreased drug resistance related proteins of p-PI3K and its downstream molecules p-Akt,p-ERK and p-mTOR by the two-drug combination were also confirmed by Western blot results(P<0.01,compared with control), and showed significant difference compared with each single treatment(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The addition of Xap significantly improves the antitumor activity of Gef in H460 and H1975 xenografts,and this synergistic effect may be ascribed to the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis,the down-regulation of PI3K and its downstream signaling molecules which are associated with drug resistance.

Objective:To explore the effects of family-centered conductive education on the muscle strength in children with cerebral palsy and the stress of caregivers.Methods:Totally 92 children with cerebral palsy and 92 their main caregivers admitted into the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from October 2018 to December 2019 were selected and divided into a control group and a conductive education group according to the random number table, with 46 children with cerebral palsy and their 46 main caregivers in each group. Patients in the control group received routine care, while patients in the conductive education group underwent family-centered conductive education on the basis of routine care. The Chinese version of the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) , Caregiver Strain Index (CSI) , and the Chinese version of Family Management Measure (FaMM) were used to evaluate the muscle strength, caregiver pressure, and disease management ability of the two groups before and after intervention. Therefore, there were actually 43 cases in the control group and 42 cases in the conductive education group.Results:After intervention, the MAS scores of the two groups were lower than those at admission, and the score was lower in the conductive education group than in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) ; the CSI score of caregivers in the conductive education group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P< 0.05) , while the FaMM score was higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Family-centered conductive education can effectively reduce the muscle strength of children with cerebral palsy, alleviate the pressure of their caregivers, and improve the caregivers' disease management ability.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of ultrasound induction combined with acupunc-ture points and polyethylene glycol 4000 powder for treating constipation in elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods A randomized parallel controlled method was adopted.A total of 100 inpatients meeting the inclu-sion criteria were divided into the control group and treatment group.Fifty cases in the control group were given polyethylene glycol 4000 powder,10 g/d,taking at a draught in 1 h after lunch.Fifty cases in the treat-ment group adopted the ultrasound induction combined with Shenque acupoint and Guanyuan acupoint,which was implemented at 1 h after lunch every day,once a day,30 min each time,and the intensity was appropriate for the patients to tolerate.The two groups were continuously treated for 1 week.The clinical symptoms be-fore and after treatment in the two groups were observed.The constipation score,quality of life score,treat-ment efficacy and safety were compared between before and after treatment.Results There were 3 dropout cases in the control group and 47 cases were finally included.Among them,14 cases were excellently effective,20 cases were effective,13 cases were ineffective,and the total effective rate was 72.34％;there were 2 dropout cases in the treatment group and 48 cases were finally included.Among them,15 cases were excellently effec-tive,18 cases were effective,15 cases were ineffective,and the total effective rate was 68.75％;the total effec-tive rate had no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05).The effect onset time of the treat-ment group was earlier than that of the control group with statistical difference (P<0.05).The abdominal symptom dimension and total score in the constipation scores after treatment in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).After treat-ment,the physiological,satisfaction dimension scores and total score in life quality score in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). During the test process,2 cases in the control group had adverse drug reactions,which manifested by mild di-arrhea at the end of the treatment course,and no adverse reactions were found in the treatment group.Conclu-sion The ultrasound induction combined with acupuncture points for treating constipation in elderly patients with hip fracture has equivalence with polyethylene glycol 4000 powder,moreover which has the advantages in the aspects of effect onset time and improvement of abdominal symptoms.

Objective:To investigate the etiology, prognosis and prognostic factors of pediatric acute liver failure(PALF), in order to provide the basis for clinical treatment of PALF.Methods:The clinical data of children with PALF hospitalized at Hunan Children′s Hospital from May 2008 to May 2018 were collected, and the causes and prognosis were analyzed.According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into the death group and the survival group, whose biochemical indexes were then compared.After that, the statistical analysis of different data were carried out by using t-test, Wilcoxon test and χ2 test separately. Results:In 120 PALF cases, there were 68 males and 52 females, and there were 36 infants, 34 toddlers, 22 preschoolers and 28 school-age children.Twenty cases (16.7%) were caused by sepsis, 19 cases (15.8%) by genetic metabolic diseases, 18 cases (15.0%) by poisoning, 12 cases (10.0%) by viral infection, 6 cases (5.0%) by drugs, 1 case (0.8%) by bile polyp, and 1 case (0.8%) by tumor disease.Besides, the etiology of 43 cases (35.9%) was unknown.Among the cases with known etiologies, genetic metabolic and infectious diseases were the main cause of disease in infants, toddler patients were mostly caused by infectious diseases and drug/toxicants, and drug/toxicants and hereditary metabolic diseases were the dominant cause of disease in school-age children and preschoolers.Mortality rate of children with PALF was 50.0%.Among them, the mortality of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, sepsis, Citrin deficiency and Tyrosinemia was higher than that of other diseases.Compared with the survival group, the total bilirubin (TB)[159.00(73.05, 274.00) μmol/L vs.62.75(2.65, 221.75)μmol/L], direct bilirubin(DB)[83.00(41.43, 160.00) μmol/L vs.38.74(10.98, 128.75) μmol/L], prothrombin time (PT)[39.60(24.93, 62.60) s vs.24.65(21.43, 29.83) s], international standardized ratio (INR)[3.40(2.30, 6.74) vs.2.09(1.85, 2.84)], and blood ammonia (NH 3) levels [109.50(85.25, 149.75) μmol/L vs.80.00(60.25, 102.75) μmol/L] in the death group were significantly increased, and the diffe-rences were statistically significant(all P<0.05); while the levels of albumin[(28.72±5.88) g/L vs.(33.69±4.96) g/L], alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [586.50(223.25, 1 082.00) U/L vs.1 434.00(615.00, 3 334.50) U/L]and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [827.50(545.00, 2 024.00) U/L vs.1 663.50(821.00, 4 886.75) U/L]in the death group were significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). However, the blood glucose and cholesterol levels in both groups had no statistically significant difference. Conclusion:The mortality of children with PALF is high, and different age groups have different etiologies.The increase of TB, DB, PT, INR, NH3 and the ratio of hepatic encephalopathy, and the decrease of albumin, AST and ALT suggest poor prognosis.