Objective To explore the significance of calcification in diagnosis of thyroid mass , and to improve the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules .Methods 286 cases with thyroid masses admitted to the hospital from Jan .2008 to Dec.2012 underwent preoperative ultrasound scan .The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed from patients with or without calcification , the characteristics of different calci-fication and the comparison between preoperative diagnosis and postoperative pathological results .Results Ultra-sound and pathological analysis showed there was significant difference between calcification group and non -calci-fication group in detection rate of thyroid cancer (66.98%vs 13.51%, P<0.05).Detection rate of thyroid car-cinoma was significantly higher in microcalcification group than in coarse calcification group ( 84.42% vs 20.69%,P<0.05) .There was significant difference in detection rate of benign and malignant nodules in the two types of calcification group(P<0.05).The detection rate was higher in the malignant nodules than in the benign nodules .The detection rate of thyroid cancer had no statistical significance in non-calcification group and coarse calcification group ( P>0.05 ) .Conclusion Thyroid calcification , especially microcalcification has important significance in diagnosis of thyroid cancer .

Objective To review the safety and efficacy of fast track surgery in gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The computer retrieved databases, including Pubmed, Medline, Cochrane library and Web of science, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) or controlled clinical trials (CCTS) on FTS was used in gastrectomy for gastric cancer between January 1994 and march 2014, and manual retrieval in Google.Using RevMan5.0 software analysis data that extract from collect literature.Results A total of five RCTs and two CCTs, involving 636 patients,were included, there were 309 cases in experimental group (FTS group) and 327 cases in control group.Meta-analysis showed: the FTS group had earlier postoperative flatus [WMD =-18.74, 95％ CI (-34.31,-3.17), P ＜ 0.05], shorter postoperative hospital stay [WMD =-2.46, 95％ CI (-3.75,-1.17), P=0.000 2], and lower hospital charge [SMD =-0.67, 95％ CI (-1.00,-0.34), P ＜ 0.000 1].However, there were no statistically significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the number of retrieved lymph node intraoperative, the time of catheter removal and postoperative complication rate (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion FTS in gastrectomy for gastric cancer can promote postoperative bowel function recovery, decrease postoperative hospital stay and reduce hospital charge.

Liposome is an artificially prepared spherical vesicle that has a phospholipid bilayer. Given that the basic structure of its biological membrane is also a lipid bilayer membrane, liposome shares similar structures with body cells Therefore, liposome has good biocompatibility and advantages such as biodegradability, low immunogenicity, and subtle toxicity. Liposome has been widely ap-plied as an effective drug carrier. Studies on liposome-encapsulated fluorescent dye on tumor tracing have been reported in recent years. Liposome can become a more advantageous transport carrier with continuous development of surface modification materials and prepa-ration methods. The long cycle, targeted liposome-encapsulated drugs, and fluorescent dye have become the focus of interest for several researchers. This article mainly discusses the application and progress of long cycle and targeted liposome in cancer research.

Objective:To explore the effect of total parenteral nutrition and combined resection of involved organs on gastric cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 67 patients with advanced gastric cancer who had accepted total parenteral nutrition(TPN)and combined resection of involved organs between June,2001 and November,2006 were reviewed and compared with no TPN patients. Results: Combined resection organs included spleen and pancreas tail(19 cases), spleen(12 cases), gallbladder(8 cases), transverse colon(7 cases), etc. No patient died in hospital in both TNP group and no TNP group. Compared with the control group, the levels of blood transferrin, albumin, and natural killer cells increased in TPN group in 7 days after operation (P

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hyperamylasemia in patients with gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery.Methods Two hundred and twenty cases with gastrointestinal were selected as our subjects who were hospitalized in General Surgery Department of the Center Hospital of Binzhou from Jan 2012 to Jan 2014.The patients were divided into normal group and hyperamylasemia group according to the postoperative serum amylase levels.The complications of two groups were recorded.The risk factors of hyperamylasemia were analyzed with univariate and Logistic multivariate.Results There were 98 cases (44.54％,98/220) of concurrent hyperamylasemia,45 cases (20.45 ％) of colon surgery,53 cases (24.09％) of stomach surgery.The complications of hyperamylasemia group and normal group were 28 cases (28.57％) and 8 cases (6.56％),and the difference was significant (x2 =4.869,P =0.006).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in terms of the abdominal surgery,surgical approach,body mass index ＞ 25 kg/m2,operation time,position,CO2 insufflation pressure,pneumoperitoneum duration and pancreatic treatment between two groups(P ＜ 0.05).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the abdominal surgery,CO2 insufflation pressure,pneumoperitoneum duration and operative time were independent risk factors with hyperamylasemia.Conclusion There is high incidence of hyperamylasemia after laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.Patients with pancreatitis and postoperative infection are easily to get hyperamylasemia complications.Upper abdominal surgery,CO2 insufflation pressure,pneumoperitoneum duration,operative time are independent risk factors for hyperamylasemia.

Objective To evaluate the risk factors of early gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis.Methods Clinicopathological data of 461 early gastric cancer cases admitted at Drum Tower Hospital from June 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of these 461 cases of early gastric cancer there were 338 male cases and 123 female cases,with male to female ratio of 2.74∶ 1.There were 48(10.4％) patients with lymph node metastasis.Female patients had a higher rate of metastasis (P =0.000).Lymph node metastasis rate in males,menopause females,premenopause females is 7.3％,16.3％,29.0％ respectively.Females had metastasis 5 years earlier than males (x2 =31.877,P =0.000).Metastasis rate in M invasion was 6.0％ and in SM invasion was 17.4％ (x2 =12.055,P =0.001).Conclusions There were much more males than females in early gastric cancer patients though females having a higher rate of lymph node metastasis.Gender,age and depth of invasion is independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.

Surgery is so far the most widely used and effective treatment of neoplastic diseases.However,residual tumour cells during surgery remain a major trigger of cancer recurrence and matastasis.Although intraoperative rapid pathological R0 resection can be achieved based on preoperative imageological examination,but for small satellite lesions and the naked eye can not find the error quickly and so often cause pathological presence of residual tumour cells.Thus,quick and accurate identification of residual cancer cells is crucial for prognosis of cancer patients.Indocyanine green (ICG) is a new type of fluorochrome that can stain tumours under the near-infrared fluorescence during surgery,the paper will be reviewed latest developments in the reagent for fluorescence in tumours.

Objective To study the expression of intestinal dipeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) protein in gastric cancer patients at different nutritional status,and to explore the possible regulatory mechanism.Methods According to Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score,a total of 60 gastric cancer patients were divided into nutritional risk group (NRS 2002 score ≥ 3,n =18) and non-nutritional risk group (NRS 2002 score ＜ 3,n =42).With specimens of the small intestinal mucosa taken during operation,the expression of intestinal PEPT1 protein was detected using Western blot.The serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-o) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of PEPT1 in Caco-2 cells treated with different concentrations of TNF-α (20,50,100 μg/L) were detected using Western blot at different time points (24,48,72 hours).Results The expression of intestinal PEPT1 (0.63 vs.0.23,P =0.000) and serum TNF-o concentration (0.23 μg/L vs.0.17 μg/L,P =0.001) in the nutritional risk group were significantly higher than those in the non-nutritional risk group.In Caco-2 cells,those treated with different concentrations of TNF-α (20,50,100 μg/L) for 24 hours had significantly higher PEPT1 expression than the blank group did (0.68 vs.0.54,P =0.005 ; 0.72 vs.0.54,P =0.001 ;0.78 vs.0.54,P =0.000).The Caeo-2 cells treated with 50 μg/L TNF-α for 24,48,and 72 hours had significantly higher PEPT1 expression compared with the cells in the blank group (0.57 vs.0.52,P =0.004 ; 0.75 vs.0.52,P =0.000 ; 0.77 vs.0.52,P =0.000).Conclusion The expression of intestinal PEPT1 protein was increased in gastric cancer patients with nutritional risk,which was probably attributed to the regulation of TNF-α.

OBJECTIVETo explore the tracing role of nanometer microspheres tagged by fluorescent dye NIR-797 in gastric cancer cells in order to guide precise resection for gastric cancer.

METHODSTargeted polymer segment NH2-PEG-Pep-PCL and non-targeted polymer segment NH2-PEG- PCL(without Pep) were synthesized with NH2-PEG-NH2, gelatinase substrate peptides (Pep) and PCL-COOH by amidation method. Then nanometer microspheres were prepared by self-assemebly method. NIR-797 was linked into the end of PEG through chemical reaction. Molecular weight, particle size, polydispersity and surface potentials of the nanometer microspheres were detected. Uptake degree of human gastric SGC-7901 cells with targeted and non-targeted nanometer microspheres was observed under fluorescence microscope. Fluorescence intensity of above two nanometer microspheres in tumor sites of tumor-burdened nude mice after intravenous injection of nanometer microspheres at different time points was detected by multispectral imaging system.

RESULTSThe molecular weight of NH2-PEG-Pep-PCL and NH2-PEG-PCL were similar to original design. The diameter of targeted nanometer microspheres before and after NIR-797-tagging was (124.1±2.1) nm and (129.7±2.8) nm, and the diameter of non-targeted ones before and after NIR-797-tagging was (120.6±2.6) nm and (124.3±2.9) nm (all P>0.05). Fluorescence intensity of SGC-7901 cells and tumor sites was significantly higher in the targeted nanometer microspheres group as compared to the non-targeted group.

CONCLUSIONTargeted nanometer microspheres tagged by flourescent dye have higher targeted affinity to gastric cancer cells and better enrichment in tumor site, indicating a good tracing of tumor and a guidance for accurate resection of tumor.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microspheres ; Nanoparticles ; Peptides ; Polymers ; Stomach Neoplasms

Improper control of depth of anesthesia is not only detrimental to the rapid and stable recovery of anesthesia, but also affects the postoperative outcome of patients. Therefore, accurate control of anesthesia depth is an urgent clinical and scientific problem in the field of anesthesiology. At present, different algorithm models derived from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are used to monitor the depth of anesthesia, but they cannot meet the requirements of anesthesiologists to accurately evaluate the depth of anesthesia. In recent years, the research on the mechanism and modulation of anesthesia-related neural network suggests that it has potential value as a method to monitor depth of anesthesia. Anesthesia-related neural networks mainly include sleep-wake circuit, thalamic-cortical circuit and corticocortical network. A thorough understanding of the neural network involved in the loss of consciousness caused by anesthesia will guide the depth of anesthesia monitoring more accurately and provide possibility for improving the quality of clinical anesthesia resuscitation.