Objective To examine the inter- rater reliablity of Myoton-3 Myometer in assessment of muscle tone in healthy subjects.Methods 20 healthy volunteers were assessed their muscle tone of biceps brachii and flexor carpi radialis muscles in relaxed state with Myoton-3 by 2 testers within 24 h. The frequency of damping oscillations (F value) measured by Myoton-3 was as the characteristic of the muscletone. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were performed. Results The ICC was 0.72~0.88 and 0.79~0.89 in triple scan and ten-time scan pattern, respectively. The Bland-Altman analysis revealed no systematic errors between testers. ConclusionThe Myoton-3 Myometer is reliable between testers for measuring the muscle tone in healthy adults.

Objective:To explore the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing model based on multidisciplinary collaboration in the perioperative management of patients with colorectal cancer.Methods:Using the convenience sampling method, 98 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent elective surgery at Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January to December 2019 were selected as the control group, and 103 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent elective surgery at Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January to December 2020 were selected as the observation group. Patients in the control group were treated with general surgery routine nursing model, and patients in the observation group were treated with the ERAS nursing model based on multidisciplinary collaboration . The postoperative recovery and quality of life of the two groups of patients were compared.Results:The first postoperative exhaust time, eating time, out-of-bed time, and length of hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After surgery the observation group had higher scores of functional areas and overall health than the control group, and the scores of main symptoms and specific items were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The ERAS nursing model based on multidisciplinary collaboration is conducive to postoperative recovery of colorectal cancer patients, shortens the length of hospital stay, and improves the quality of life of patients. It is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and conditions of in vitro and in vivo imaging of triple-negative breast cancer using visible light emitted quantum dots(QDs) as the carrier to target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Methods:The water-soluble QDs reacted with Cetuximab to synthesize the probe QD-Cetuximab. The morphology, particle size, stability and luminescence properties of the probe were examined. Human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-468 (EGFR+ ) and MDA-MB-453 (EGFR-) were cultured. Cytotoxicity assays, in vitro imaging and fluorescence intensity quantification were performed after cells incubation with QD-Cetuximab and QDs. Eight MDA-MB-468 tumor-bearing mice models were constructed, 100 μl QD-Cetuximab and QDs were injected through the tail vein. In vivo imaging and probe distribution were obtained at different time points. Independent-sample t test was used to analyze the data. Results:QD-Cetuximab had a particle size of (40.34±2.44) nm detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM), a hydrated particle size of (57.85±4.69) nm detected by dynamic light scattering (DLS), and a stable structure. When the concentration of QD-Cetuximab was ≤50 nmol/L, the relative survival rate of cells was more than 90%, and when the concentration exceeded 100 nmol/L, the relative survival rate of cells was reduced to (72.52±4.91)% ( P<0.05). The red fluorescence of MDA-MB-468 incubated with QD-Cetuximab was stronger than that of MDA-MB-468 incubated with QDs and MDA-MB-453 incubated with QD-Cetuximab or QDs. The confocal fluorescent intensity quantitative determination showed that the ratio of QD-Cetuximab group/QDs group was 5.1 (863.36/169.97). Flow cytometry showed that the uptake of QD-Cetuximab and QDs by MDA-MB-468 increased with incremental incubating concentration, and the former was more significantly( t values: 12.25-38.11, all P<0.05). When the incubating concentration was 25, 50, 100, and 200 nmol/L, the quantitative average fluorescent intensity ratio of QD-Cetuximab group/QDs group was 5.4, 6.9, 7.4 and 6.2, respectively. The QD-Cetuximab and QDs probes mainly accumulated in the liver in vivo. The fluorescence emitted by tumor was not obvious under the high fluorescence of liver as a background. However, the fluorescence was visible in the isolated tumor tissue, and the quantitative fluorescence intensity of experimental group and control group were (2.46±0.60)×10 4 and (1.29±0.05)×10 4, respectively ( t=3.392, P=0.015). Conclusions:Cetuximab can increase the targeting ability of QDs and promote cell uptake. Although the isolated tumor imaging results are acceptable, further modification of QDs should be considered to reduce the liver uptake and improving in vivo fluorescence imaging efficiency.

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types and elements in liver cirrhosis patients with dysplastic nodules (DN), and to provide a basis for exploring the connotation and pattern of TCM syndrome types of DN in liver cirrhosis. Methods A total of 138 patients who attended The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from March 2013 to January 2021 and were diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and DN were enrolled. General data such as age of onset and sex were collected, as well as the data on etiology, TCM syndrome types, and Child-Pugh class for liver function, and the distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome types and elements were summarized. The chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results The liver and the spleen were the main syndrome elements of disease location in liver cirrhosis patients with DN, accounting for 97.83% and 94.93%, respectively, followed by the kidney (23.91%); Qi deficiency and Qi stagnation were the main syndrome elements reflecting the nature of disease, accounting for 73.91% and 58.70%, respectively, followed by dampness (34.78%). The main TCM syndrome types included stagnation of liver Qi and spleen deficiency, damp-heat internal excess syndrome, blood stasis and toxin accumulation syndrome, and water-dampness retention syndrome, among which stagnation of liver Qi and spleen deficiency was more common and accounted for 58.70% ( P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in TCM syndrome types between the patients with different sexes, ages, and etiologies (all P > 0.05). There was a significant difference in Child-Pugh class between the liver cirrhosis DN patients with different TCM syndrome types ( χ 2 =34.320, P < 0.05), and Child-Pugh class A was more common in the patients with stagnation of liver Qi and spleen deficiency (59.8%), while Child-Pugh class C was more common in the patients with damp-heat internal excess syndrome (39.1%). Conclusion This article summarizes the distribution characteristics of common TCM syndrome types and elements of DN in liver cirrhosis, which provides a reference for the syndrome differentiation-based TCM treatment of DN in liver cirrhosis.

Endodontic diseases are a kind of chronic infectious oral disease.Common endodontic treatment concepts are based on the removal of inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and the replacement by gutta-percha.However,it is very essential for endodontic treatment to debride the root canal system and prevent the root canal system from bacterial reinfection after root canal therapy(RCT).Recent research,encompassing bacterial etiology and advanced imaging techniques,contributes to our understanding of the root canal system's anatomy intricacies and the technique sensitivity of RCT.Success in RCT hinges on factors like patients,infection severity,root canal anatomy,and treatment techniques.Therefore,improving disease management is a key issue to combat endodontic diseases and cure periapical lesions.The clinical difficulty assessment system of RCT is established based on patient conditions,tooth conditions,root canal configuration,and root canal needing retreatment,and emphasizes pre-treatment risk assessment for optimal outcomes.The findings suggest that the presence of risk factors may correlate with the challenge of achieving the high standard required for RCT.These insights contribute not only to improve education but also aid practitioners in treatment planning and referral decision-making within the field of endodontics.