Astemizole is nitrasoted with sodium nitrite in 0.12 mo l/L HAc solution at boiling bath for 25 min. The nitrosation product of astemizo le shows a reduction peak by single-sweep oscillopolarography. The peak potenti al is -0.72V (vs.Ag/AgCl). The first-order derivative peak current is propo rtional to the concentration of astemizole in the range of 4.0×10-7～1.6 ×10-5 mol/L (r=0.9997), with detection limit of 2.0×10-7 mol/L . The proposed method has been applied to the determination of astemizole in pha rmaceutical tablets.

AimThe aim of this study was to establish a rodent model with similar characters of human metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods Three species mice and Wistar rats were fed with high energy chows(HEC)for 6 to 23 weeks.Animals were weighted every week.Fasting blood glucose(FBG)together with total cholesterol(TC)and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)were investigated by oxidase test every two week.And fasting blood insulin(FINS)was determined by radioimmunoassay.Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)was calculated as FBG×FINS/22.5.At the end of the experiment,oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed.Then animals were decapitated,and coel-fat and orchio-fat were collected and weighted to calculate the visceral fat coefficient(VFC).Results FBG,serum TC and LDL-C significantly increased(P<0.01)after 6 weeks feed of HEC in KM mice.The mice also formed abdominal obesity and insulin resistant together with impairment of glucose tolerance(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Though similar to the KM mice,C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice couldn't form abdominal obesity while the latter had increased body weight(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Wistar rats formed hyperlipidemia from 1 to 10 week and hyperglycemia from 10 to 23 week together with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion KM mice feed with HEC for 6 weeks could successfully establish metabolic syndrome mice model which might be suitable for drug-screening,the major characters includes the formation of abdominal obesity(increase of VFC),the increase of serum TC,LDL-C,FBG and HOMA-IR,and the decrease of OGTT.

Accidents, Occupational ; psychology ; Humans ; Needlestick Injuries ; nursing ; psychology ; Nursing Staff ; psychology

Objective To explore the relationship between serum expression of c-met protein and clinic pathological features in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) of Kazakh and Han people. Methods A total of 50 samples of ESCC and its corresponding adjacent tissues of Kazak and Han patients were collected. The expression of c-met protein was detected by immunohistochemistry assay. The serum c-met protein was detected in 40 Kazak and Han ESCC samples and 40 Kazak and Han controls using ELISA method. Results The positive expression rates of c-met protein were higher in Kazak and Han esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients than those in its corresponding adjacent tissues respectively. And the serum expression rates of c-met protein were higher in Kazak and Han esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients than those of healthy controls. There were significant differences in the different tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and serum between groups, in which the infiltrated deep muscle and se?rous breakthrough (T3+T4) were higher than the infiltration of the mucosa and submucosa group (T1+T2), with lymph node metastasis was higher than that without lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage of ⅡB+Ⅲwas higher than that ofⅠ+ⅡA. There was no significant difference in the expression of c-met protein between ethnicity, gender, age and degree of differenti?ation. Conclusion The c-met protein expression is related to the occurrence and development, the invasion, metastasis and TNM stage of ESCC in Kazak and Han nationalities. The high expression of c-met protein in tissue and serum may indicate the invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer and prompt a late clinical stage.

ObjectiveTo investigate hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels in the tissue and serum of patients with chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and analyze the clinical significances of HGF for HCC.MethodSurgical specimens from 97 patients were collected during Dec.2003 to Aug.2008 in the Third Central Hospital.The patients were prospectively enrolled and categorized into four groups:normal subjects ( n =11 ),chronic hepatitis B or C ( n =6＝,cirrhosis ( n =20)and HCC ( n =60 ) including well-differentiated ( n =21 ),moderately differentiated ( n =23 ),poorly differentiated (n =16) specimens.N0 (n =24),N1 (n =21 ),N2 (n =54) and N3 (n =43) were tissues respectively removed from liver at 0,1,2 or 3 cm beyond the margin of tumor.HGF mRNA expression in liver tissues was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription- (RT)-PCR.Serum HGF levels in the other cases of normal subjects ( n =20),chronic hepatitis B or C ( n =20),cirrhosis ( n =20) and HCC (n =57) were measured by ELISA.The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was employed for survival analysis.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors in each group.ResultsThe HGF mRNA in normal subjects,chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,N3,N2,N1,N0 and HCC were0.99(0.78-1.66),2.15(1.06-3.40),1.78(1.18-2.73),4.59(2.67 -8.63),3.86 ( 2.25 - 6.45 ),3.12 ( 1.59 - 5.74 ),2.92 ( 0.88 - 5.99 ) and 0.48 ( 0.19 - 1.06 ) respectively.The serum concentration of HGF in the normal subjects,chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis and HCC patients were (0.31 ± 0.05 ),(0.65 ± 0.07 ),( 1.27 ± 0.30 ) and ( 2.06 ± 0.66) μg/L respectively.The highest level of HGF mRNA was found in N3,while the HGF mRNA expression in HCC was [ (2.14 ± 0.52 ) μg/L] lower than that not only in the non-tumor tissues,but also in the normal control ( U =196.50,P =0.03 ).The serum concentration of HGF was significantly higher in patients with chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis or HCC than in normal subjects.The serum HGF level of HCC was bounced after hepatectomy (t =2.70,P ＜0.01 ).On the logistic regression analysis,the tumor numbers and Child-pugh were related with the levels of the tissue HGF mRNA and serum HGF of HCC,OR were0.15 (95％CI:0.03-0.72,P＜0.05) and0.13 (95％CI:0.27 -0.89,P ＜0.05 ),respectively.Univariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model in the complication groups revealed that the levels of the tissue HGF mRNA and serum HGF were significant risk factors of death for HCC,OR were 0.02 (95％ CI:0.00 - 0.52,P ＜ 0.05 ) and 10.01 (95％ CI:1.16 -86.23,P ＜ 0.05 ),respectively.On the Log-rank analysis,no statistically difference in the cumulative survival was found between the two groups categorized by median (0.49) of tissue HGF mRNA 2 - AACT (X2 =0.13,P =0.72).While the HCC patients were dichotomized by their the median(0.69 μg/L) of serum HGF concentration,the death risk for the patients with higher levels of HGF was increased 2.84 fold than those with lower levels (95％ CI:1.03 - 7.92,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionHGF mRNA expression is decreased in tumor tissues,while its level in tumor adjacent live and serum is significantly elevated and is in association with shortened postoperative survival of HCC patients.

Objective To investigate the problems during using, standard and quality management of the POCT glucose meters in hospital, to analyze the solutions, and to provide reference data for improving the test level of POCT in hospital.Methods The amount, brand and application of portable glucose meters in the hospital were obtained by 3 rounds of surveillance from May to July in 2013.All of those glucose meters were taken part in external quality assessment of Clinical Laboratory Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission.The test results of those glucose meters were compared with that of automatic biochemical analyzer, the comparison results were then analyzed.Results The POCT glucose meters possessed 5 brands in our hospital, and the amount and type of glucose meters in some clinical departments were often changed.When 4 brands which were detected as quality control samples by ministry of health, the accuracy of detection results of 3 concentration of brand Ⅲ were substandard, the CV% of two levels were 11.9%and 10.1%respectively, the remaining 3 brands were in line with the requirements.The qualified percentages of 3 times of comparison were 85.0%, 92.0%and 97.4%.Conclusions The hospital should select the brand of portable glucose meters reasonably, correct use of glucose meters, and it is very necessary to build indoor and interstitial quality evaluation system, at the same time, suggesting the hospital to establish the POCT quality management team, to carry out the instrument comparison periodically, so to guarantee the accurate, reliable results of POCT in hospital.

Objective Study on skin irritation and allergenicity of indomethacin emulsion ,in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical safe medication .Methods New Zealand white rabbits were used to test skin irritation ,given 0 .5g test sub-stance for 14 days .The skin irritation was observed in the two groups with eight rabbits each during the experiment .Six rab-bits in each group were sacrificed 72 hours after the last medication and skin tissues were taken for histopathology examination ;and the skin tissues of remaining two rabbits were taken for histopathology examination in 14th day after the last medication . Guinea pigs were used to test skin allergenicity ,given 0 .5g test substance on day 0 ,7 ,14 for local induction .On day 28 ,the animal subjects were given 0 .4g test substance on non-administration skin of guinea pigs for local excitation .Results Slight ir-ritation of indomethacin emulsion on normal or damaged skin was observed but it is reversible after withdrawal for rabbits .Sen-sitization effect on the skin of guinea pig was not found .Conclusion Indomethacin emulsion is not suitable to long-term use clinically ,and skin irritation need to pay more attention .

Objective:To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane postconditioning on early inflammatory responses during intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods:Sixty clean-grade Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 200-230 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=20 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), intestinal I/R group (I/R group), and sevoflurane postconditioning group (Sevo group). Intestinal I/R was produced by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 2 h in anesthetized rats in I/R group and Sevo group.Laparotomy was performed, and the superior mesenteric artery was only isolated in Sham group.The rats inhaled 1.15% sevoflurane for 30 min for postconditioning in Sevo group.Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture at 2 h of reperfusion, and then the rats were sacrificed.Samples of intestine were obtained for examination of the pathological changes of intestinal tissues (with a light microscope) which were scored according to Chiu and for determination of the neutrophil L-selectin levels in blood (by flow cytometry), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) expression (by Western blot), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (by spectrophotometry). Results:Compared with group Sham, the neutropil L-selectin level in blood was significantly increased in group I/R and decreased in group Sevo, and Chiu′s score, TNF-a expression and MPO activity were significantly increased in I/R and Sevo groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group I/R, the neutropil L-selectin level in blood, Chiu′s score, TNF-a expression, TNF-a expression and MPO activity were significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes were significantly attenuated in group Sevo. Conclusion:The mechanism by which sevoflurane postconditioning reduces intestinal I/R injury may be related to inhibiting early inflammatory responses in rats.

The authors attempted to use information technology in hierarchical management on clinician′s surgical authority. By means of a hierarchical surgery catalogue database, clinicians′ surgical authority is subject to by-level IT-based approval, and such authorities as clinician′s surgical medical advice, application for surgery, and approval of special surgeries are regulated. Thanks to multi-dimensional objective data, clinicians′surgical competence is subject to a dynamic evaluation, hierarchical authorization and reauthorization. These measures further standardize the behavior of the surgeons, and rule out unauthorized operations, thus improving fine management of surgeries and ensuring patient safety.

Objective:To investigate clinical features of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with TET2 gene mutation and effects of TET2 mutation on therapeutic efficacy and prognosis.Methods:A total of 123 newly diagnosed adult AML patients (except for acute promyelocytic leukemia) admitted to Jining No.1 People's Hospital from March 2017 to April 2021 were selected. Mutations of 24 AML-related genes including TET2 mutation were detected by using second-generation sequencing technology. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of TET2 mutation: TET2 mutation group and TET2 wild type group. The differences in clinicopathological characteristics, short-term efficacy and survival of both groups were compared.Results:Among 123 patients, TET2 mutation was detected in 28 cases (22.8%). Compared with TET2 wild type group, the patients were older [(59±15) years vs.(49±16) years, t = 2.984, P = 0.003], French-American-British (FAB) Corporative Group M 4 and M 5 subtypes were more common [75.0% (21/28) vs. 51.6% (49/95), χ2 = 4.838, P = 0.028], and the positive rate of CD34 in AML patients was lower in TET2 mutation group [46.4% (13/28) vs.72.6% (69/95), χ2 = 6.685, P = 0.010]. Moreover, TET2 mutation was more likely to be accompanied with ZRSR2 mutation [10.7% (3/28) vs. 1.1% (1/95), P = 0.037] and NPM1 mutation [35.7% (10/28) vs.17.9% (17/95), χ2 = 4.008, P = 0.045], but less likely to be accompanied with IDH1/2 mutation [0 vs.17.9% (17/95), P = 0.012]. However, there were no statistically significant differences in gender, peripheral blood leukocyte count at initial diagnosis, hemoglobin level, platelet count, bone marrow blasts ratio, cytogenetics and the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) risk stratification between the two groups (all P>0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences in the overall response rate (ORR) of 1 cycle chemotherapy [75.0% (12/16) vs. 66.7% (42/63), χ2 = 0.410, P = 0.522] and demethylation therapy [66.7% (4/6) vs. 44.4% (8/18), P = 0.640]. The difference in overall survival (OS) of both groups was not statistically significant [median OS time: 23 months (95% CI 5-41 months) vs. 35 months (95% CI 18-52 months, P = 0.498]. Conclusions:In AML patients, TET2 mutation is associated with advanced age, M 4 and M 5 subtypes, and low expression of CD34 on AML blasts. TET2 mutation is commonly accompanied by ZRSR2 and NPM1 mutation, but not IDH1 or IDH2 mutation. TET2 mutation may have no significant effects on therapeutic efficacy and survival in the whole cohort of AML patients without risk stratification.