Objective:To investigate the protective effects of paeoniflorin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion ( MI/R) injury in rats. Methods:The rat model of MI/R injury was prepared by coronary artery ligation for 30 min followed by 2-hour reperfusion. Then the rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham group, model group, paeoniflorin group respectively at high, medium and low dose (20, 10 and 5 mg·kg-1, n=10). Paeoniflorin was respectively injected via tail vein 1 h before the operation and at the beginning of the reperfusion. The CK, LDH and SOD activities and MDA contents in serum of rats were examined, and the area of myocardial in-farction was also calculated after the reperfusion. Results:Paeoniflorin (20 and 10 mg·kg-1 ) could significantly reduce the area of myocardial infarction when compared with the model group (P<0. 05). Paeoniflorin could obviously inhibit the CK and LDH activities (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01) and enhance the SOD activity (P<0. 01) in serum of MI/R rats. The MDA content in paeoniflorin groups at high and medium dose was significantly lower than that in the model group (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Paeoniflorin pretreatment shows effectiveness against MI/R injury, which may be associated with the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of second trimester screenings for Down syndrome using alpha-fetoprotein and β-human chorionic gonadotropin duplex.MethodsPregnant women of south Zhejiang were screened for Down syndrome fetuses by maternal alpha-fetoprotein and β-human chorionic gonadotropin duplex during second trimester.The high-risk women underwent prenatal diagnosis by amniocentesis,cell culture and chromosome analysis.The newborns followed up by the maternal and child tertiary health care network and suspected to have Down syndrome were diagnosed by peripheral blood chromosome analysis.Statistical analysis was performed using two-sample t test and x2 test.Risk probability of Down Syndrome was calculated by random screening software. Results From Oct.2007 to May 2009,1130 of 32 188 singleton pregnant women in second trimester received prenatal screening were discovered with high risk(≥1 ∶ 270).Prenatal diagnosis was performed in 90.79％ cases (1026/1130) of high risk women and seven fetuses were diagnosed as Down syndrome by amniotic fluid chromosome analysis,and the pregnancies were terminated.Among the other 104 cases without prenatal diagnosis one Down syndrome baby was delivered.Six of 31 058 pregnancy women with low risk delivered Down syndrome babies with the incidence of Down syndrome of 0.19‰ (6/31 058).Detection rate of second trimester screenings for Down syndrome using alpha-fetoprotein and β-human chorionic gonadotropin duplex was 57.14％(8/14).False positive rate was 3.48％ (1122/32 188).Positive predictive value was 7.08‰(8/1130).During the same period,there were 23 813 pregnant women who didn't receive screening and 15 fetuses with Down syndrome were diagnosed after birth.There was no statistical difference in the prevalence rate of Down syndrome between those pregnant women who received prenatal screening or not [0.43‰ (14/32 188) vs 0.63‰ (15/23 813),x2 =1.004,P＞0.05].The prevalence of Down syndrome was 0.52‰ (29/56 001) in this area. ConclusionsThe prenatal screening and diagnosis could reduce the birth rate of Down syndrome patients.However,detection rate,false positive rate and positive predictive value of which were lower than reports in other studies.It's possible that the reference data might be not suitable for Chinese.

Objective:To explore the clinical value of stereotactic wire-localized biopsy(SWLB)in digital mammography in the detection of microcalcification of the breast.Methods:A total of 45 patients with nonpalpable breast lesions which were positive for microcalcification by mammography but could not be detected clinically underwent SWLB.Their mammography fndings were analyzed in detail with pathology.Results:Among the 45 cases,13 cases(28.9%)had malignant lesions including ductal carcinoma in situ in 3 cases (20.1%),ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion in 4 cases(30.8%),invasive ductal carcinoma in 5 cases (38.5%)and intraductal papillary carcinoma in 1 case(7.7%).Thirty-two cases(71.1%)had benign lesions,2 cases(6.3%)of which were severe atypical hyperplasia.Conclusion:SWLB can accurately guide the surgical excision of nonpalpable breast microcalcification lesions and diagnose microcalcifications exactly,which is helpful for increasing the detection rate of eady-stage breast cancer.

OBJECTIVETo explore the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens in lesions of diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) and analyze the risk factors causing osteomyelitis.

METHODSA total of 372 patients with diabetic foot infections hospitalized between January 2011 and December 2014, including 203 with osteomyelitis (OM group) and 169 without osteomyelitis (non-OM group), were examined for the distribution and antibiotic resistance profile of the pathogens in the wounds. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors causing osteomyelitis.

RESULTSGram-negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens (53.7%) in the infected wounds in OM group, whereas Gram-positive bacteria were the most frequently found (56.7%) in non-OM group (P=0.001). Among the Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus was the dominating flora (35.1%). The resistance rate to oxacillin and cefoxitin of the isolated bacteria in OM group (64.9% and 68.5%, respectively) was significantly higher than that in non-OM group (29.2% and 32.6%, respectively; P<0.05). Among the gram-negative bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae was the dominating flora (62.4%), with a higher resistance rate to Cefepime and Aztreonam in OM group (30.1% and 38.6%, respectively) than in non-OM group (15.1% and 22.2%, respectively; P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the infection by multi-drug resistant bacteria and an wounds area >4 cm(2) were the risk factors for osteomyelitis in patients with diabetic foot infections (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn addition to an empirical anti-infection therapy, clinicians should choose specific antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria according to the microbial spectrum and antibiotic resistance of pathogens in patients with DFO; patients with diabetic foot infections by multi-drug resistant bacteria and those with a wound area exceeding 4 cm(2) are exposed to an increased risk of osteomyelitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cephalosporins ; Diabetic Foot ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Osteomyelitis ; microbiology ; Risk Factors ; Wound Infection ; microbiology

Objective:To explore the relationship between microRNA-4429 (miR-4429) derived from serum exosomes and prognosis of radical radiation and chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:309 blood samples of NSCLC patients were collected [before chemotherapy (T0), after 1 cycle of chemotherapy (T1) and after 2 cycles of chemotherapy (T2), 103 cases at each time point], and the expression level of miR-4429 was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method, and the relationship between it and the prognosis of radical radiation and chemotherapy in NSCLC was analyzed.Results:The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates of 103 NSCLC patients were 69.90%, 45.63% and 34.95%, respectively. The expression levels of T1-miR-4429 and T2-miR-4429 in the survival group were 0.66±0.14 and 0.77±0.11, respectively, which were higher than T1-miR-4429 (0.60±0.06) and T2-miR-4429 (0.62±0.11) in the death group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.269, 6.997, P<0.05). Restricted cubic spline fitting COX regression analysis showed that T2-miR-4429 had a linear relationship with survival in NSCLC. COX regression analysis showed that TNM staging was an independent risk factor for the survival and prognosis in NSCLC ( P<0.05), and the degree of differentiation, targeted therapy and T2-miR-4429 were all independent protective factors for the survival and prognosis in NSCLC ( P<0.05). The calibration curve of the nomogram regression model constructed by TNM stage, degree of differentiation, targeted therapy and T2-miR-4429 coincided well with the ideal curve, and the C-index was 0.713. Conclusions:The high expression level of T2-miR-4429 indicates that NSCLC patients have a low risk of poor survival prognosis. The nomogram regression model constructed by TNM staging, degree of differentiation, targeted therapy and T2-miR-4429 has a certain degree of discrimination and accuracy, which can assist in evaluating the prognosis of NSCLC.

Objective : To study the clinical periodontal status of patients with desquamative gingivitis (DG) and analyze the factors that influence clinical periodontal indicators. Methods : A purposive sampling method was used to obtain 42 subjects for a DG case group and a control group. Periodontal clinical indicators were detected, and related factors were analyzed. Results : The DG patients were primarily middle-aged women. Periodontal clinical indicators were more prevalent in individuals with oral lichen planus (OLP) and mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) than in the control group. Probing depth (PD) (χ2=53.058, P<0.001; χ2=32.989, P<0.001), clinical attachment (χ2=30.292, P<0.001; χ2=32.470, P<0.001) and the positive rate of bleeding on probing (BOP) (χ2=50.003, P<0.001; χ2=36.236, P<0.001) were higher in the OLP and MMP group than in the control group. The time interval between the onset and treatment of DG was correlated with PD (rs=0.523, P<0.001) and the rate of positive BOP sites (rs=0.377, P=0.014). Conclusion Patients with DG have obvious periodontal lesions. Early medical intervention is helpful for diagnosing and treating DG-related oral and systemic disease.

Objective: To detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods : Thirty OLP patients and fifteen healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum were collected from 15 healthy volunteers as controls. Normal tissues were collected from surgical department as immunohistochemical analysis. The levels of VEGF, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in serum were measured by ELISA. Immunohistochemical analysis of VEGF, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 were carried out by the means of primary antibodies and anti-VEGF, anti-CD106 antigen (VCAM-1) and anti-CD54 antigen (ICAM-1). Results: ELISA results showed no expression differences for VEGF between the two groups. Whereas, the levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in OLP group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical results reveal the presence of a significant angiogenesis in OLP patients through the immunoexpression of VEGF, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 according to the percentage of stained cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion Regarding the results, it seems that high expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 are related to oral lichen planus.

OBJECTIVE：To analyze and compare th e contents of 6 kinds of monosaccharide in Astragalus membranaceus from different growth years . METHODS ：2-4 years old A. membranaceus from three areas were extracted with water extraction and alcohol precipitation ，Sevage deproteinization to obtain A. membranaceus polysaccharide. The samples were firstly hydrolyzed with trifluoroacetic acid （TFA）and then derivatized by 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone（PMP）. HPLC analysis was adopted to determine the contents of 6 kinds of monosaccharide as mannose ，rhamnose，galacturonic acid ，glucose，galactose，arabinose. The determination was performed on Symmetry C 18 column with phosphate buffer solution （pH 6.8）-acetonitrile（84∶16，V/V）as mobile phase at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 245 nm，and column temperature was 35 ℃. The sample size was 20 µL. RESULTS ：The contents of mannose ，rhamnose，galacturonic acid ，glucose，galactose and arabinose were 0.50-0.94， 0.76-1.60，3.35-7.86，87.33-275.77，1.95-8.96，2.35-14.04 mg/g，respectively. Total contents of monosaccharide from 2，3，4 years old A. membranaceus were 98.26-139.92，173.81-295.71，122.37-182.41 mg/g，respectively. There was significant difference in the contents of glucose between 3 old years A. membranaceus and 2，4 old years A. membranaceus （162.71-275.77 mg/g vs. 87.33-107.70，111.54-167.26 mg/g，P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Above 6 monosaccharides are detected in 2，3，4 years old A. membranaceus，among which the content of glucose is the highest. The content of glucose in 3 years old A. membranaceus is higher than that in 2 and 4 years old A. membranaceus .