Objective To investigate the influence of recombinant human augmenter of liver regeneration (hALR) on gelatinase A(MMP 2) gene expression in experimental liver fibrosis. Methods Two kinds of animal model of rat experimental liver fibrosis induced by CCl 4 and albumin were established and different dosage of hALR (10,50 ?g?kg -1 ?d -1 )was given during the process of model making. Total RNA of liver tissues was isolated and MMP 2 gene expression levels were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results In both rat models of experimental liver fibrosis, MMP 2 gene expression levels in two hALR preventing group were significantly lower than those of model group in different periods of model forming. MMP 2 gene expression levels in high dose of hALR treating group were significanfly lower than those of low dose hALR treating group. Conclusion hALR may have an effect on inhibiting gene expression of MMP 2 in experimental liver fibrosis.

Objectives:To explore the effect of L-glutamine(Gln) on intestinal injury following total hepatic inflow occlusion.Methods:Male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to three groups(n=40) :Group A,sham-operation;Group B,control group,rats were pretreated with 4 ml 0.9% saline intraperitonally twice per day on 5 consecutive days;Group C,rats were pretreated with Gln dissolved in 4 ml 0.9% saline intraperitoneally twice per day on 5 consecutive days.The rats in group B and C underwent total hepatic inflow occlusion for 35min by the pringle' s manoeuvre.Ten rats from each group were randomly sacrificed before occlusion and at 2,4,24h after reperfusion respectively.The levels of MDA,SOD,GSH in intestine tissue were measured.The levels of serum TNF-? and portal vein endotoxin were detected.Results:Compared with group A,the levels of GSH and SOD decreased after reperfusion(P

Objective:To explore the effect of L-glutamine(Gln) on liver Bcl-2mRNA expres sion and apoptosis after total hepatic inflow occlusion in rats.Methods:Male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to three groups(n=40):Group A sham-operation group,group B control group,rats were pretreated with 4 ml 0.9% saline intraperitonally twice per day on 5 consecutive days,group C,rats were pretreated with Gln dissolved in 4 ml 0.9% saline intraperitoneally twice per day on 5 consecutive days.The rats from group B and C underwent total hepatic inflow occlusion for 35min by the pringle's manoeuvre.Ten rats from each group were randomly chosen and killed before the initiation of occlusion at 2 h,4 h,24 h after reperfusion respectively.The levels of MDA,GSH in liver tissue were measured.The serum concentrations of ALT,AST,LDH were assayed on a standard biochemistry autoanalyser.The expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA in liver were assessed by RT-PCR.The apoptosis of liver were observed by DUTP method.The percentage of apoptosis was analyzed.Results:Compared with group B,the levels of GSH in group C increased after reperfusion(P

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects and possible related mechanism of OTX008 [a selective inhibitor of galectin-1 (Galectin-1)] on retinal neovascularization (RNV) in mouse model of oxygeninduced retinopathy (OIR).Methods 7-day-old (P7) C57BL/6J mice were randomly (according to random number table) divided into 4 groups including normal group,OIR group,OIR-OTX008 group and OIRphosphate buffered saline (PBS) group.To establish the OIR mouse model,mice from all groups except normal group were expose to (75±2)％ oxygen for 5 days and then to room air.OIR-OTX008 group received an intravitreal injection of 1 μl (0.25 μg/μl) OTX008 at P12,OIR-PBS group received the equal volume (1 μl) of PBS injection.Mice from 4 groups were euthanized at P17,and retinas were collected for molecular biological analysis and morphological study.RNV was evaluated by counting the number ofpre-retinal neovascular nuclei and the whole-mount immunofluorescent staining of mouse retina.Cyrosections of retinas were imaged via confocal microscopy to observe the enrichment of staining of Galectin-1.Protein levels of Galectin-1,Neuropilin-1 and phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (pVEGFR2) were determined with Western blot.Results At P17,Galectin-1 expressed higher in retinal ganglion cell layer,inner plexiform layer and inner nuclear layer from OIR group and OIR-PBS group than normal group.Galectin-1 expressed less in cryosection retinas from OIR-OTX008 group than OIR group and OIR-PBS group.The numbers ofpre-retinal neovascular cell nuclei from OIR group and OIR-pBS group were obviously more than that from normal group (t=9.314,P＜0.05).The number of pre-retinal neovascular cell nuclei from OIR-OTX008 group were obviously lower than those from OIR group and OIR-PBS group (t=8.038,7.774;P＜0.05).The RNV tufts area (t=13.250,12.570),non-perfusion area (t=15.590,12.430) and hypoxic area (t=9.542,9.928) from OIR-OTX008 group were significantly smaller than those in OIR group and OIR-PBS group (P＜ 0.05).Protein levels of Galectin-1 (t=24.800,23.060),Neuropilin-1 (t=4.120,3.530) and pVEGFR2 (t=25.880,15.480) in the OIR-OTX008 group were significantly down-regulated than those from OIR group and OIR-PBS group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Intravitreal injection of OTX008 inhibits RNV and ameliorates retinal hypoxia in mice model of OIR possibly through down-regulating Galectin-1,Neurolinpin-1 and pVEGFR2.

Objective:To explore the effects of miR-27a on the phenotype and cytokine secretion in LPS-stimulated dendritic cells.Methods:Murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells were transfected with miR-27a mimics and negative control mimics,and then stimulated by LPS for 24 hours.Dendritic cells exposed to LPS were collected for analysis of the DC immunophenotype by flow cy-tometry and supernatants were collected to determine cytokine lever.Moreover,the capability of stimulating allogeneic CD4 T+cell prolif -eration was measured by MLR ( mixed lymphocyte reaction) .Results: The levels of MHCⅡ, CD80, and CD86 were significantly increased in LPS-stimulated dendritic cells when compared with imDC ( P<0.001).Transfection with miR-27a mimics resulted in sig-nificantly lower expression levels in levels of MHCⅡ,CD80,and CD86 (P<0.001).For cytokine secretion,transfection with miR-27a mimics enhanced IL-10 production (P<0.01) and reduced the production of IL-12 (P<0.05).For MLR,transfection with miR-27a mimics suppressed allogeneic CD4+T cell proliferation.Conclusion: MiR-27a may play critical roles in regulating the maturation process and cytokine secretion in LPS-stimulated dendritic cells.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To explore the mechanisms of fluctuant high blood glucose-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes. METHODS:SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group ( N) , stable high blood glucose group ( S) , fluctu-ant high blood glucose group ( F) and insulin group ( I) .Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of strepto-zotocin (65 mg/kg) , and the fluctuant high blood glucose animal model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ordinary insulin and glucose at different time points every day.The blood glucose fluctuation patterns of the animals in F group with-in 12 weeks were similar every day and no significant difference of the HbA1c concentration was observed compared with S group, indicating that the fluctuant hyperglycemia was successfully established in F group.The activity of superoxide dis-mutase ( SOD) and glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) , and the content of malondialdehyde ( MDA) and nitric oxide ( NO) in the homogenate of the liver tissues were detected by colorimetry.The mRNA and protein levels of JNK, p-JNK, Bax and Bcl-2 were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot.RESULTS:After 12 weeks, the increases in the intakes of food and water, the urine output, and the abnormal liver function were observed in S group, I group and F group.Compared with N group, the MDA level was increased, the content of NO and the activity of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased, and up-regu-lation of JNK mRNA and p-JNK and Bax proteins, and down-regulation of Bcl-2 were also found in S group, I group and F group.The above effects were more obviously showed in F group.CONCLUSION:Oxidative stress activates JNK-MAPK signaling pathway, which is involved in fluctuant high glucose-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes.

AIM: To investigate the relationship among MCP-1 and monocyte chemoattract protein activity (MCA) and pathogenesis of lung cancer. METHODS: 173 patients were involved in the study and divided into three groups: group A: lung cancer group (60 patients); group B: benign lung disease group (55 patients) and group C: healthy control group (58 patients). MCP-1 level and MCA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. RESULTS: The concentration of MCP-1 and MCA in BALF in group A were much higher than those in group B and group C (P

China has entered an aging society,fall in the elderly often causes their physical and mental damage and even be life-threatening.Literature reviews studying on fall prevention in the elderly discovered that the improvement of the lower-extremity muscle strength can reduce the fall incidence in the elderly.This paper summarized the current researches on the methods for elderly people's lower-extremity muscle strength improvement.In addition,this paper also gave an analysis of both advantages and disadvantages of these methods,in order to provide a theoretical evidence and reference for the future study in improving the lower-extremity muscle strength.

Objective? To analyze hot research areas of nutrition support for cancer patients from 2008 to 2017, so as to provide guidance for the development of researchin nutrition support for the cancer patients in our country. Methods? Databases including CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP were searched with the subject or key words of "tumor""cancer""nutrition support/nutritional support", and databases including PubMed, Web of Science were searched with the subject or keywords of "cancer""tumor""malignant tumor"and"nutrition support/nutritional support" to review the relevant literature published from 2008 to 2017. Softwares including BICOMB 2.0 and SPSS 23.0 were used to generate high-frequency keywords, and construct cluster analysis. Results A total of 889 articles were retrieved and the number of articles showed an increasing trend on the whole. There were 69 core authors with≥3 published articles, and 62 high frequency subject words with word frequency ≥21 times. Cluster analysis showed that the research mainly focused on four fields: perioperative nursing of gastrointestinal cancer patients; nutritional risk screening and prognostic factors in gastrointestinal cancer patients; nutritional status and quality of life of patients treated with chemotherapy/radiotherapy;nutritional assessment and intervention for malignant oncology patients. Conclusions? The concept of tumor nutrition has been gradually developed, but there is still great room for development in the future in terms of the depth and breadth of research, early identification of patients with nutritional risk, nutritional assessment, formulation of feasible nutritional intervention programs and measures to improve the prognosis of patients and their quality of life.

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of 3D printing technology in the treatment of complex posterior lateral tibial plateau fractures using the suprafibular approach. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 67 patients with complex posterior lateral tibial plateau fractures treated with the suprafibular approach. Patients were divided into 3D printing group (35 cases) and conventional group (32 cases) based on whether 3D printing simulation surgery was used preoperatively. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency were compared between the two groups. Postoperative complications such as incision infection, popliteal vessel injury, and common peroneal nerve injury were observed. Fracture healing time was recorded during follow-up, and Rasmussen scores were evaluated at 6 months postoperatively. The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee function score was assessed during the final follow-up. Results The follow-up duration for 67 patients was 14 to 22 months. One patient in each group developed postoperative incision infection, and no complications such as popliteal vessel injury, common peroneal nerve injury, or deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity occurred. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency were significantly lower in the 3D printing group than in the conventional group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in fracture healing time, Rasmussen scores at 6 months postoperatively, and HSS scores during the final follow-up between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The application of 3D printing technology in the treatment of complex posterior lateral tibial plateau fractures using the suprafibular approach can optimize surgical plans, shorten operation time, and reduce intraoperative blood loss and fluoroscopy frequency.