To meet the requirements for the development of marine resources and military operations, divers usually dive deeper than the depth at which narcosis is present during air diving.Under this condition, heliox is required for this div-ing.Sofar, some countries have developed their own decompression tables for routine heliox diving.The best-known is tables from USA and France.In the preceding century, tables of Former Soviet Union and France used for routine heliox diving were introduced into China.On the basis of both types of tables,Chinese Navy developed their own tables for this purpose. In this paper, we summarized the characteristics of these tables from 5 countries and compared them in terms of structure, oxygen use, total decompression time, first stop and other features.This may provide a basis for future modification of ta-bles used in China and the development of new tables for routine heliox diving.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of chronic stress during pregnancy on the learning and memory ability, amino acid neurotransmitters in hippocampus of offsprings and its mechanism. METHODS: The specific pathogen free adult Wistar rats were used. There were 10 rats each in female model group and control group, 10 rats in male mating model group and 5 in controlled mating group. A rat model of chronic stress during pregnancy of the female model group was established by the 21-day chronic unpredictable mild stress experiment. From the 3 rd day of the experiment, the model group and model mating group, control group and control mating group were caged separately.Blood was collected from the medial canthal vein from the rats on the day before stress and then on the 1 st, 7 th, and 14 th day after stress. Plasma corticosterone levels of maternal rats were determined by radioimmunoassay. Learning and memory responses of offsprings 42 days after birth were tested by Morris water maze and Y-maze. The levels of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid in hippocampus of offsprings were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The plasma corticosterone level in maternal rats of model group was higher than that in control group at the same time points on the 7 th and 14 th day after stress(P<0.05). Compared with offsprings in the control group, the escaping latency of the model offsprings was prolonged(P<0.05). The training time needed to form correct memory increased(P<0.01), while the number of crossing platform and the correct response rate of memory retention test decreased(P<0.05), the level of glutamate in hippocampus decreased(P<0.01), and the level of γ-aminobutyric acid increased(P<0.01) in the model offsprings. The escape latency, the number of crossing platform, the training times and the correct response rate of model offsprings were associated with the plasma corticosterone levels of their mothers and amino acid neurotransmitters of offsprings(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic stress during pregnancy can reduce the learning and memory abilities of offsprings. The learning and memory ability was associated with the plasma corticosterone level of mother rats, the decrease of glutamate and the increase of γ-aminobutyric acid in the hippocampus.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of twelve-week aerobic exercise on inhibitory control abilities and the change of brain activation in overweight children. MethodsFrom October to December, 2021, 20 overweight children from a primary school in Changping District were selected for a twelve-week aerobic exercise intervention. Their inhibitory control abilities were measured by Flanker task before and after intervention, while their brain activation levels during the task were detected by functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). ResultsThe interactions between task type and time of accuracy and reaction time in inconsistent tasks Flanker task were significant (F > 9.277, P < 0.05), with higher accuracy and lower reaction time of after intervention (P < 0.05). After intervention, ch1, ch2, ch3, ch6, and ch8 channels were activated by inconsistent tasks (P < 0.05). ConclusionA twelve-week aerobic exercise intervention could improve the inhibitory control ability, and increase the prefrontal cortex activation during inconsistent tasks in overweight children.