Adult ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Physical Examination ; Physicians ; Radiation Injuries ; prevention & control

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of injury cases admitted to department of emergency in sentinel hospitals in Fuyang District, Hangzhou City from 2015 to 2020, so as to provide insights into injury prevention and intervention in rural areas. Methods: Data of injury cases were collected from the department of emergency of two sentinel hospitals in Fuyang District from 2015 to 2020, and the incidence of injury was standardized by the data from the China's seventh national population census in Fuyang District. The demographics, causes, severity and outcomes of injury were descriptively analyzed. Results: Totally 84 360 injury cases were recorded in the department of emergency of two sentinel hospitals in Fuyang District from 2015 to 2020, and the annual average standardized incidence of injury was 15.85%. The injury cases included 48 330 men (57.29%) and 36 030 women (42.71%), and there were 10 653 cases at ages of <19 years (12.63%), 25 398 cases at ages of 19 to <46 years (30.11%), 39 951 cases at ages of 46 to <71 years (47.36%), and 8 359 cases at ages of 71 years and older (9.91%). Taking a private car (motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles) was the predominant way to seek medical care (75 246 cases, 89.20%). Blunt force injury and puncture wound/incision wound (23 668 cases, 28.06%), and fall injury (22 855 cases, 27.09%) were predominant causes of injury, and there were 45 961 cases with mild injury (54.48%), 28 043 cases with moderate injury (33.24%), and 356 cases with severe injury (0.42%). Returning home after hospital treatments was the predominant outcome of injury (74 401 cases, 88.19%). Mild injury was predominant among patients at ages of <19 years (81.48%), with a high rate of transfer to other hospitals (2.43%), and moderate to severe injury was predominant among patients at ages of 71 years and older (43.08% and 0.77%), with a high rate of hospital stay (18.71%) and a high mortality rate (0.14%). Conclusions Mild injury was predominant among patients admitted to the department of emergency of two sentinel hospitals in Fuyang District from 2015 to 2020, and blunt force injury, puncture wound/incision wound and fall injury were predominant causes of injury. There were age-specific epidemiological characteristics of injury cases.

Gastrointestinal Diseases ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Nurses ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Prevalence

Tanshinones are a large class of hydrophobic natural products isolated from traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and related plants. Tanshinones include tanshinone ⅡA, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone, and so on. Both the tanshinones and the salvianolic acids have been identi-fied as the characteristic and main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge with cardiovascular protective activities. Ac-cumulated data in recent years have revealed that tanshinones possess remarkable anti-cancer activities both in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we summarize the latest progress of the an-ti-cancer effect and the underlying mechanisms of tanshinones, particularly with emphasis on tanshinone ⅡA, which might pro-vide reference for the further research and development of these compounds.

Objective To explore pathological changes of optic nerve in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Methods Established the Wistar rat models of EAE by footpad injection of guinea pig spinal cord homogenates and CFA.Animals were executed 6 days after disease onset,and optic nerves,brains and spinal cords were removed for light(HE staining and LFB staining) and electron microscope pathological analysis.Results Various degrees of inflammation and demyelination of brains and spinal cords were found in the rats of EAE group.All the EAE rats had optic neuropathy mainly manifested as inflammation and demyelination under light microscope.Demyelination changes were more apparente than inflammation in optic nerves.Electron microscope observes decreased number of myelin sheaths and Oligodendrocytes(OLGs),OLGs karyopycnosis and the loosed myelin sheaths and their disassociation from axons were also found nearby.Conclusions Optic neuropathy is obvious in this rat model of EAE,mainly manifested as optic inflammation and demyelination.

Objective To explore the effect of glucose regulated protein (GRP)78 on the neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Methods Middle cerebral artery ischemia reperfusion rat's models were used with the modified filament method. The expression of GRP78 in the ischemic penumbra tissue was detected by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry at different time points. Primary cultured rat's neurons were exposed to hypoxia and subsequently reoxygenation. Western blot was used to investigate the expression of GRP78. The changes of the neuronal apoptosis after overexpression of GRP78 induced by 2-deoxyglucose were detected. Results The expression of GRP78 in the ischemic penumbra tissue in model group was significantly increased (mRNA : 0.7367±0.0651, F= 477.160, P < 0.01 ; Protein : 0. 8129±0. 0748, F=39.857, P < 0.01). The neuronal survival status was increased after overpression of GRP78 (increased by 39.22% ± 0. 44%, t=46.374, P < 0.01) while the neuronal apoptosis was decreased (decreased by 16.60±1.02, t=7.530, P <0.01). Conclusion Focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion can induce endoplasmic reticulum stress which plays a role in the neuronal apoptosis. The increased expression of GRP78 may protect the ischemic tissue from neuronal apoptosis.

Objective To observe the effects of lung stromal cells on differentiation of mature dendritic cells (mDCs) deriving from mouse bone marrow. Methods The mDCs were cultured by complete medium, half of which was from the lung stromal cell cultures. One week later, the mDCs were induced into regulatory dendritic cells (rDCs). The morphological characteristics of rDCs were observed by Giemasa-Wright stain. The content of cytokines (IL-10 and IL-12p70) in the co-culture supernatants was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression level of cellular phenotype was tested with fluorescence-activated cell sorting, compared with mDCs. The difference of rDCs and mDCs was observed. Results Compared with mDCs, rDCs secreted higher level of IL-10 (P＜0.01), and lower level of IL-12p70 (P＜0. 01). In cellular phenotype, the expression of CD11b on rDCs increased (P＜0.01), while the expression of CDllc, Ⅰa and CD86 declined (P＜0.01).Conclusions Lung stromal cells microenvironment may induce the mDCs differentiate into a kind of DC with different biological characteristics.

Objective To discuss the curative effects of alfacalcidol combined with losartan potassium tablets in the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy (EDN).Methods 90 EDN patients in our hospital were chosen and randomly divided into the observation group and control group (45 cases in each group).The control group was given losartan potassium tablets treatment,while the observation group was given alfacalcidol combiend with telmisartan treatment.All the two groups were treated for 3 months.Before and after treatment,the fasting blood glucose (FBG), 24h urine trace albumin quantitative (UAER),24h urine protein (24h pro),serum creatinine (SCr),25 -hydroxyl vitamin D [2 5 (OH )D ],blood calcium (Ca2+),potassium (K+),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1 C )and serum inflammatory factors[C-reactive protein (CRP),tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6 )] were observed,and the correlation between 25 (OH)D and UAER,24h pro was analyzed.At the same time,the clinical curative effects and adverse reactions during treatment were evaluated.Results In the observation group,the total effective rate was 93.3%,which was significantly higher than 71.1% in the control group (χ2 =7.601,P<0.05).In the two groups after treatment,the FBG,HbA1c,blood Ca2+and K+had no significant changes (all P>0.05).After treatment,Scr,24h pro and UAER in the two groups were all significantly reduced compared with before treatment (P<0.05),and 24h pro and UAER in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=6.296,11.530,all P<0.05),but Scr had no statistically significant difference between two groups (t=0.331,P>0.331).After treatment,25(OH)D in the observation group decreased significantly compared with before treatment (t=12.000,P<0.05),which was significantly higher than that in the control group after treatment (t=11.278,P<0.05).Compared with before treatment,25(OH)D in the control group had no significant change after treatment (t=0.436,P>0.436).Pearson correlation analysis showed that 25 (OH)D level was negatively correlated with 24h pro and UAER (r=0.483,0.778,all P<0.05 ).In the two groups after treatment,the CRP, TNF-αand IL-6 levels significantly reduced (P<0.05 ),which in the observation group decreased more obviously (all P<0.05).In the two groups,no serious adverse events were found,the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =0.212,P >0.151 ).Conclusion Alfacalcidol combined with losartan potassium tablets can significantly reduce the proteinuria levels of EDN patients and inflammation,which has better clinical curative effects and higher safety.

The pharmacokinetics of 16-dehydropregnenolone (16-DHP),a sterols compound isolated from Solanum lyratum Thunb.,was investigated in rats following a single intramuscular administration (40 mg/kg).The concentration of 16-DHP in rat plasma was determined by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection.Levonorgestrel was used as the internal standard (IS).The pharmacokinetic parameters of 16-DHP were derived by non-compartmental method.After a single intramuscular administration,the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax,) was (289 ±25)ng/mL,time to reach Cmax(tmax) was (0.38±0.14) h,the elimination half-life (t1/2) was (2.5±1.1)h,the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable concentration (AUC10-t)) was (544 ± 73 )ng· h/mL.The results indicated that 16-DHP was alsorbed quickly and eliminated rapidly in rats after the intramuscular injection.

The changes of glycogen synthase kinase-3(GSK-3)and protein phosphatase-2A(PP-2A),and the role of them in the regulation of the abnormally hyperphosphorylated some sites of tau in the cortex of diabetic rat were investigated.The diabetic rat model was induced by streptozotocin.The activities of GSK-3,PP-2A were measured by liquid scintillation for incorporated radioactivity in control,DM,DM + Li2CO3 groups.The level of hyperphosphorylated tau and the expression of 2PP-2A was measured respectively by Western blot.It is suggested that GSK-3 activity increases,PP-2A activity and expression decrease,and hyperphosphorylated tau be produced at Ser198/Ser199/Ser202 and Ser396/Ser404 in DM rats cortex.After the DM rat were treated with Li2CO3,the inhibition of GSK-3 activity and the improvement of PP-2A activity were found,and hyperphosphorylation of tau at Ser198/Ser199/Ser202 and Ser396/Ser404 were deduced.These studies firstly suggested that an increase of GSK-3 activity might inhibit PP-2A activity,and which produce hyperphosphorylated of tau at Ser198/Ser199/Ser202 and Ser396/Ser404 in DM rat cortex in common.