Objective To investigate the role of sex hormones and interleukin (IL)-6 in the pathogenesis of primary Sjgren′s syndrome (pSS). Methods Serum specimen of 21 postmenopausal patients with pSS and 21 postmenopausal healthy women were collected. Serum estradiol (E2) and testosterone (Te) were estimated by the commercial radioimmunoassay kits, whereas serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were measured by enzyme-amplified chemiluminescence assay. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to determine levels of IL-6 in serum. Results The DHEAS and the Te level in serum were lower in postmenopausal patients with pSS than in healthy controls (P0.05). The level of IL-6 in pSS patients was higher than that in controls (P0.05). Conclusion Primary Sj(?)gren′s syndrome, in which an altered metabolism of sex hormones has occured, appears to be influenced by the change of the levels of sex hormones and IL-6 in serum.

Objective To explore early clinical diagnosis of infant with cerebral palsy(CP). Methods Early diagnosis of cerebral palsy information abroad was referenced. DDST scale screening, newborn NBAS inspection stan-dards, VOJTA postural reflex and the nervous system reflective were used to evaluate the cerebral palsy. Results 90 cases CP of which 63 eases spastie. Xu mobile hand-foot-15 cases, 12 cases of mixed type. Conclusion Standardized,quantitative indicators,only workable and easy to use.

Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs induced liver injury (ATDILI) and to discuss its impact on the treatment outcome of patients treated with first line anti-TB drugs.Methods Among the patients who received anti-TB treatment with directly-observed treatment strategy (DOTS),121 patients with ATDILI and 817 patients without ATDILI were included in this retrospective cohort study.Binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of ATDILI in univariate and multivariate analysis.The x2 test was used to compare the treatment success rates and drug resistant rates.Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-rank test were used to compare the sputum smear/culture conversion rates and cavity closure rates.Results The incidence of ATDILI was 12.9％ (121/938) in this cohort.Multivariate Logistic regression showed that hepatitis B virus carrier with both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive (OR=4.29,95％CI:2.15-8.58,P＜0.01),complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus (OR=3.34,95％CI:1.46-7.63,P=0.004),serum albumin ≤25 g/L (OR=3.14,95％CI:1.50-6.58,P=0.002) and alcoholism (OR=1.79,95％CI:1.14-2.82,P=0.012) were independent risk factors of ATDILI.The treatment failure rate in patients with ATDILI was significantly higher than that in patients without ATDILI (19.1％[24/121] vs8.0％[65/817],OR=2.86,95％CI:1.71-4.78,P＜0.01).The drug resistant rates of two groups were not significant different (4.1％[5/121] vs 1.7％[14/817],P＞0.05).The sputum smear/culture conversion rate (85.4％[41/48] vs 94.0％ [298/317],x2 =38.912,P＜0.01) and cavity closure rate (84.6％[22/26] vs 93.0％[198/213],x2 =20.709,P＜0.01) in patients with ATDILI were both significantly lower than those in patients without ATDILI.Conclusions The incidence of ATDILI is relatively high in hospitalized patients treated with first line anti-TB drugs.ATDILI has negative effects on treatment outcome of TB patient.Hepatitis B carrier with positive HBsAg and HBeAg,systemic lupus erythematosus,albumin ≤25 g/L and alcoholism may increase the risk of developing ATDILI.

Objective To investigate the character and location of a novel gene R049 and its expressed protein in uropathogenic Escherichia coli(UPEC) strain 132 isolated in China. MethodsThe chromosome library of UPEC132 was constructed by a shotgun strategy and the sequence analysis was carried out by a high-throughput pyrophosphate sequencing. Sequence reads were assembled with the Newbler program.The characters of R049-associated specific fragment were analyzed using the bioinformatics methods. Outer and inner membrane proteins of UPEC132 were extracted and then detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis together with the whole-cell lysates. ResultsThe 169 022 bp contig containing gene R049 was obtained and its sequence was very similar to the chromosome associated sequence of UPEC strain 536. It showed that a 20 773 bp fragment including R049 replaced the pathogenicity island PAI Ⅲ536 of UPEC536 in above 169 022 bp contig. The fragment had a lower GC content (46.97％) and 16 bp direct repeats in two ends. Significantly it also was adjacented to thrW tRNA, insertion element and genes coding integrase. Thus the 20 773 bp fragment was named R049 genome island(R049-GI). There were 25 ORFs in R049-GI, and gene R049 was located in the thirteenth ORF. The results of SDS-PAGE and Western blot revealed gene R049 encoded an outer membrane protein in the size of 47.0× 103. ConclusionGene R049, encoding an outer membrane protein, was a component part of the genome island in UPEC 132 chromosome acquired by horizontal gene transfer.

Objective To evaluate the impact of low dietary glycemic index on the risk of coronaryheart disease (CHD).Methods We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,JBI Database of Systematic Reviews,MEDLINE,EMbase,CBMdisk,and CNKI to collect cohort studies from 2000 to 2011.The quality of cohort studies was critically appraised and data were extracted by 4 reviewers independently.Meta-analysis were conducted for the eligible cohort studies using RevMan 5.0.Results Five cohort studies were included,and 128 911 samples were researched.The result of meta analysis indicated that low dietary glycemic index was a protective factor of CHD,RR value was 1.25,95％ CI was (1.13,2.15).Further more,the result was only effective to female,RR value was 1.35,95％ CI was (1.16,1.57),but not to male,RR value was 0.96,95％CI was (0.76,1.31).Conclusions Low dietary glycemic index can decrease the risk of CHD,but it is still to be proved whether it is suitable to male.

Objective To explore the clinical causes and preventive measures of complicating ascites of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (MPCNL).Methods Retrospective analysis of 285 patients with MPCNL for upper urinary tract calculus,which were divided into ascites group and no-ascites group.Results All the procedures were successful.Ascites group of 21 cases,no-ascites group of 264 cases.Univariate analysis showed that the diameter and number of calculus,perfusion pressure,perfusion time,pressure volume of irrigation fluid,preoperative upper urinary tract infection,history of treatment associated with complicating ascites (P＜ 0.05),with age,gender,body mass index no correlation (P＞ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that perfusion pressure,perfusion time,pressure volume of irrigation fluid was independent risk factors after MPCNL concurrent ascites (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions MPCNL concurrent ascites are closely related to the large perfusion volume,the long operative perfusion time,the high perfusion pressure of irrigation fluid.On the premise of keeping the operative visual field clear,as far as possible to reduce the perfusion pressure,control irrigation fluid-flow rate,reduce the large peffusion volume.These could decrease the coincidence of the ascites.

Objective To investigate the experience of diagnosis and management of coexisting ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and nonreflux megaureter (NRM).Methods The retrospective study of UPJO with NRM was based on 10 years information retrieved from January 2005 to December 2015.The data of 13 patients (8 males and 5 females) were available and recorded.Mean age at surgery was 3.7 years old (range 1.8 to 14 years).The diagnosis and mangement were summarized.Coexisting ureterovesical junction obstruction (UVJO) and vesicoureteral reflux,iatrogenic stricture and vesicoureteral reflux were excluded.Intravenous pyelography,voiding cystourethrography,ultrasound and CT reconstruction were performed before operation.Only six patients had an accurate diagnosis as UPJO with UVJO before surgery.Pyeloplasty was the initial surgical management choice for 10 patients,and ureteroneocystostomy in 3 patients.Results UVJO were diagnosed with pyelography techniques in 3 patients after pyeloplasty,while 4 were diagnosed as nonreflux and nonobstruction megaureter.Of the 10 patients who underwent initial pyeloplasty,additional ureteroneocystostomy was required in 3 and the prognosis was good.Additional pyeloplasty was required in 2 of the 3 patients who initially underwent ureteroneoeystostomy.Mean follow-up time from last operation was 23.3 months (6-53 months),the overall prognosis was good.Conclusions It is often difficult to correctly diagnose coexisting UPJO and NRM.In patients with UPJO,it is highly recommended nephrostomy radiography after pyeloplasty to evaluate the distal ureterovesical junction.Initial pyeloplasty is always recommended as first-line therapy.Additional ureteroneocystostomy was required when hydroureteropelvic was aggravated.

Purpose To investigate the expression of TET2 and DNMT3A in patients with peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) and the relationship to immunophenotypes of PTCL.Methods Using a panel of immunohistochemical markers (CD3,CD4,CD10,BCL-6,CXCL-13,CD30,ALK),all cases of PTCLs were further divided into four groups,including angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL),peripheral T cell lymphoma,not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS),anaplastic lymphoma kinase negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-ALCL) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK + ALCL).The expression of TET2 and DNMT3A in 89 cases of PTCL was detected by immunohistochemical analysis.Results 89 cases were divide into four subtypes,AITL (36/89),PTCL-NOS (26/89),ALKALCL (18/89),and ALK + ALCL (9/89).Immunohistochemistry staining revealed higher cytoplasmic expression of TET2 and DNMT3A in AITL than that of in PTCL-NOS and ALCL (P ＜ 0.05).And the nuclear expression of DNMT3A in patients with AITL was higher than that of PTCL-NOS and ALCL (P ＜ 0.05).The cytoplasmic expression of TET2 was positively related with both cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of DNMT3A in patients with AITL (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion TET2 combined with DNMT3A could be used as markers in AITL diagnosis,which could provide new strategy for AITL diagnosis.

A rapid method for the simultaneous determination of daidzein, genistein and formonetin in solanum Lyratum Thunb by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed. Separation was achieved on a Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with isocratic elution, using a mobile phase of methanol-tetrahydrofuran-water (44∶3∶53, v/v). The wavelength was set at 260 nm and column was maintained at 35 ℃. The linear ranges of daidzein, genistein and formonetin were 1.0-40.0, 0.1-4.0 and 0.1-4.0 μg/mL, respectively. The average recoveries were between 98.4% and 101.3%. This method could be used for the quality control of Solanum lyratum Thunb due to its simplification, reliability, rapidity and excellent precision.

The pharmacokinetics of 16-dehydropregnenolone （16-DHP）, a sterols compound isolated from Solanum lyratum Thunb., was investigated in rats following a single intramuscular administration （40 mg/kg）. The concentration of 16-DHP in rat plasma was determined by a high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method with UV detection. Levonorgestrel was used as the internal standard （IS）. The pharmacokinetic parameters of 16-DHP were derived by non-compartmental method. After a single intramuscular administration, the maximum plasma concentration （Cmax） was （289±25）ng/mL, time to reach Cmax（tmax） was （0.38±0.14） h, the elimination half-life （t1/z） was （2.5±1.1）h, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable concentration （AUC（0-t）） was （544± 73）ng· h/mL. The results indicated that 16-DHP was absorbed quickly and eliminated rapidly in rats after the intramuscular injection.