Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an extracoreal life support technique,which is used as a method of cardiopulmonary replacement therapy for patients who had cardiopulmonary nonfiction.ECMO may obtain precious time for evaluation,diagnosis,treatment and restitution of dangerous diseases.This paper introduced the research progression of ECMO on relative knowledge,clinical application in pediatrics,complication and its prevention and cure in applied process.This review on ECMO will deepen understanding and widen the vision on clinical application of ECMO in pediatrics further.

ObjectiveTo explore the number, incidence, structure and regional distribution of intellectual disabilities, causes of disability, and needs, etc. in Shanxi province.Methods75,016 people from 88 towns and streets of 22 cities and districts were investigated by a multi-stage sampling method in accordance with established procedures forms composed by trained investigators.ResultsThe incidence of intellectual disability was 0.34% most of which were with grade three and four in Shanxi Province. The incidence was the highest in youth in men while highest in childhood in women. The number of grades one and two of youth was more than that of other people. Incidence of intellectual disability in rural areas was significantly higher than in urban (P＜0.001). The major causes of disability were brain diseases, unknown cause, genetic, seizure disorder and other trauma. Only 43.8% of the disabled received a little services and support, including medical services and relief, poverty relief and services, rehabilitation training and services. Different people had different needs of major rehabilitation.ConclusionThe situation of intellectual disabilities was hopeful in Shanxi province. There was no discrimination of gender. Expanding groups with receiving service and support, providing targeted prevention measures according to needs of different groups and strengthening rural governance residual disability were the focus for future work.

The changes of glycogen synthase kinase-3(GSK-3)and protein phosphatase-2A(PP-2A),and the role of them in the regulation of the abnormally hyperphosphorylated some sites of tau in the cortex of diabetic rat were investigated.The diabetic rat model was induced by streptozotocin.The activities of GSK-3,PP-2A were measured by liquid scintillation for incorporated radioactivity in control,DM,DM + Li2CO3 groups.The level of hyperphosphorylated tau and the expression of 2PP-2A was measured respectively by Western blot.It is suggested that GSK-3 activity increases,PP-2A activity and expression decrease,and hyperphosphorylated tau be produced at Ser198/Ser199/Ser202 and Ser396/Ser404 in DM rats cortex.After the DM rat were treated with Li2CO3,the inhibition of GSK-3 activity and the improvement of PP-2A activity were found,and hyperphosphorylation of tau at Ser198/Ser199/Ser202 and Ser396/Ser404 were deduced.These studies firstly suggested that an increase of GSK-3 activity might inhibit PP-2A activity,and which produce hyperphosphorylated of tau at Ser198/Ser199/Ser202 and Ser396/Ser404 in DM rat cortex in common.

Objective To investigate the reduction of amyloid beta peptide (A?) production induced by insulin in the cortex of diabetic rat. Methods 15 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, diabetes group, and diabetes plus insulin group. The diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin. The activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was measured by 32P liquid scintillography for incorporated radioactivity in control group, DM group, DM+insulin group, the production of A? was determined by sandwich ELISA in each group, and the expression of APP was determined by Western-blot. Results In control group, the activity of GSK-3 (1.04?0.11), the production of A? (A?_ 40 (40.92?5.34) pg/?l, A?_ 42 (29.64?3.19) pg/?l)and the levels of full-length APP(1.05?0.08) was low, but in DM group, the activity of GSK-3 (2.02?0.12) and the production of A?(A?_ 40 (67.53?11.69) pg/?l, A?_ 42 (45.02?4.10) pg/?l) increased (P

Objective:To construct a lentiviral vector overexpression of micrRNA-29b and investigate the biological characteristics in mouse neuronal cell lines GT1-7.Methods:We chemically synthesized two oligonucleotide single-stranded,complete the comple-mentary by bridging extension into DNA double-stranded to form miR-29b precursor structure.The restriction enzyme digested vector plasmid FUGW was ligated to the precursor structure ofmiR-29b by homologous recombination to construct the corresponding lentiviral vector of microRNA-29b overexpression,and the stable cells were obtained in the mouse neuronal cell line GT1-7 by bleomycin drag screening.RT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of related genes at mRNA transcription level,Results:The recombinant lentiviral expression plasmid f-F-miR-29b was successfully constructed,and the expression level was about 30 times higher than that of the control group.The expressions of DCX,Vdac1 and pten were inhibited,have no changes in sex developmental related genes LH-β,kiss-l,Inshulin,IGF-I,GPR54,GnRH and leptin-R.Conclusion:Using the method of lentivirus screening,the microRNA-29b overexpressing stably transformed cells was successfully obtained in mouse neuron GT1-7 cells,which laid a foundation for the study of biological characteristics ofmicroRNA-29b.

ObjectiveTo investigate the situation characteristic, cause and needs of visual disability in Shanxi Province and to provide prevention measures corresponding to different causes.MethodsBy cluster random sampling, 88 townships were selected and 75016 persons received the eye examination in 22 countries in Shanxi from July 1 to May 31 in 2006. Visual acuity and eye examination were performed by ophthalmologist and judged the causes.ResultsThe total prevalence rate of visual impairment in Shanxi was estimated to be 6.21‰.The was a significant increase in the prevalence rate of visual impairment as the age grew older(χ2＝415.54, P<0.05), those in women was higher than that in men(χ2＝40.62, P<0.05). The prevalence rate of visual impairment in countryside was significantly higher than that in city(χ2＝25.37, P<0.05).The chief causes of visual impairment were cataract(39.34%), there are 43.91% of visual impairment who had not received any rehabilitation services, and most of those were medical services (35.26%).ConclusionVisual impairment prevention should establish a social security system and security system. Increase the investment of medical services and relief. To take different preventive measures corresponding to different ages. The preventive of visual impairment of shanxi should be focus on senile eye diseases. The major work should be put in remote rural area.

Objective To explore the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on adiponectin (APN) expression and the mechanism of lowering blood-lipid and anti-inflammation in atherosclerotic (AS) mice.Methods C57BL/6J mice with normal feed were chosen as control group.Thirty-two ApoE-/-mice with high cholesterol diet were successfully established as AS models,and then the mice were randomly divided into model group and three LBP groups,which were feed with high,medium,and low dose of LBP.After feeding for four weeks,aortic blood and tissues were collected.Blood-lipid,inflammatory factors,endothelin-1 (ET-1),APN,AdipoR1,and AMPK pathway related protein expression were detected.Differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were divided into control group,LBP group,and LBP + BML-275 group.Triglyceride (TG),inflammatory factors,APN,AdipoR1,and AMPK pathway related protein expression was investigated.Results In mice,compared with the control group,typical AS pathomorphologic changes were found in aorta and the levels of TG,total cholesterol (TC),nitric oxide (NO),ET-1,interleukin-6 (IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the model group were significantly increased,while the protein expression of HDL-C,APN,AdipoR1,PPARα,AMPKα,and p-AMPK-α and Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) mRNA expression was reduced.Compared with the model group,AS pathomorphologic state was obviously improved in aorta and the amount of TG,TC,NO,ET-1,IL-6,and TNF-α in LBP groups were markedly decreased,while the protein expression of HDL-C,APN,AdipoR1,PPARα,AMPKα,p-AMPKα,and ACO mRNA expression was up-regulated.These changes were all in a dose-dependent manner.In differentiated 3T3-L1 fat cells,compared with control group,LBP enhanced the expression of APN,AdipoR1,PPARα,AMPKα,p-AMPKα,and ACO,but decreased the amount of TG,IL-6,and TNF-α.Compared with LBP group,the levels of TG,IL-6 and TNF-α was notably increased in BML-275 group.Conclusion LBP up-regulates the expression of APN and AdipoR1,activates APN/AMPK pathway,plays a role in lowering blood-lipid and anti-inflammation,and thus relieves AS in mice.

As one of the most effective and commonly used analgesic methods during labor and delivery,epidural analgesia has been widely accepted in terms of its safety.Neurological complications following childbirth,which are most related to pregnancy and childbirth factors rather than labor analgesia,has not been well studied or recognized in China.Therefore,there are some confusions and misunderstandings of reasons for these neurological complications,and,to a certain extent,have affected the clinical implementation of epidural labor analgesia.This review analyzed the etiology and prognosis of this problem in order to help the clinicians in identifying the risk factors and causes and also to improve clinical awareness,prevention,and management for these conditions.

Objective: To compare the clinical effects of two different skin preparation methods for infant craniocerebral surgery. Methods: Totally 120 infants who were going to receive craniocerebral surgery were divided into two groups by random number table, 60 cases in the observation group and 60 cases in the control group. The scalp of both groups was cleaned with moisturizing oil every day from 3 days before operation. On 1 day before operation, the observation group used electric shaver to shave off all hair on the head, and then rinsed with warm water. The control group was treated with skin preparation knife to shave all the hair under soap water lubrication and rinse with warm water. The skin injury rate, incision infection rate and pain score of the two groups were evaluated. Results: The incidence of skin injury and incision infection were 0 and 1.7% (1/60) in the observation group, 18.3% (11/60) and 13.3% (8/60) in the control group, respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups (χ²= 12.110, 5.886, all P < 0.01 or 0.05). The median score of pain in the observation group was 0 (Q₁:0, Q₃:0), while 1.5 (Q₁:1, Q₃:2) in the control group, and there were significant differences between the two groups (Z= 3.286, P < 0.01). Conclusion Electric shaver is superior to skin preparation knife in shaving hair of infants. It not only reduces the incidence of head skin injury, incision infection and pain in the process of skin preparation, but also reduces the incidence of incision infection after craniocerebral surgery in infants. It is worth popularizing.

Objective:Investigator Initiated Trials (IIT) play a key role in promoting comprehensively the development and homogeneity of clinical diagnosis and treatment, thus, this article aims to explore a set of recommendations for the construction and management of clinical research institutes that support IIT.Methods:Through the combination of literature review and institutional construction practice cases, based on the experience of domestic and foreign universities and well-functioning medical institutions in building clinical research centers, as well as summarizing the construction cases of the clinical research institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, to discuss the construction and management plan of such centers.Results:Propose recommendations for the construction and management standards of clinical research centers that support IIT, covering the principles of center construction, basic settings, organizational structure, functional departments, basic platforms, staffing, document management and institutional evaluation.Conclusions:We hope this study can provide reference to universities and medical institutions for the construction of the clinical research institute.