Objective:To evaluate the safety of one-lung ventilation and artificial hydrothorax to aid HIFU treatment of liver carcinoma located in distal end of diaphragm and edge of liver and to observe the related indices in the treatment.Methods:Twelve patients with liver carcinoma received general anesthesia using double lumen endobronchial tube bi-chamber trachea cannula.Saline was injected into right thoracic cavity to turn artificial pleural fluid.During HIFU treatment,left lung had a ventilation with 100% FiO_2.Before cannula(value of Base);one lung was ventilated(DLV) for 15 mins,30 mins,60mins,120mins,then double lungs received ventilation again for 30mins(DLV'30).And blood gas was analyzed separately.Vital monitoring machine kept observing ECG,HR,MAP,S_pO_2,and PETCO2.One day and seven days after HIFU,X-ray was made to evaluate the outcome of hydrothorax.Results:All the patients were steady in blood gas and hemodynamic indices at the period of one-lung ventilation with artificial hydrothorax.The indices of PO_2 were higher during one-or two-lung ventilation than Base (P

This paper introduces an ECG real time monitoring system based on LabVIEW.With Wavelet transformation,the original ECG signals are processed to increase the accuracy of R peak detection.The feature of real time in this system is ensured by the application of simplified algorithm.The result panel offers various types of HRV information in time domain,including numerical and graphical displays which make the data more intuitional and more convenient to obtain.The system runs well in lab and the result is acceptable.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of hippocampal insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1)/IGF-1 receptor (1GF-1 R) signaling pathway and learning and memory function and to investigate the possible mechanisms of vascular dementia (VaD).Methods A rat chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model was induced by using permanent bilateral common carotid artery ligation.At day 3,1 and 2 weeks,1,2 and 4months after modeling,Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the changes of learning and memory function in rats.HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of hippocampal neurons.Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the dynamic changes of IGF-1,IGF-1R,Akt and p-Akt in hippocampal tissue.Results One month after modeling,the rats of a model group began to appear significant learning and memory dysfunction.The numbers of crossing the platform were significant lower than those in a sham operation group (1.91 ±0.45 times vs.3.95 ± 1.64 times; t =17.251,P =0.000).With the extension of ischemia time,the degree of injury of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 region aggravated gradually in the model group.The levels of IGF-1 and p-Akt in hippocampal tissue increased early after modeling in the model group,and then they declined gradually to the normal levels.The levels of IGF-1 (0.09 ± 0.05 ng/mg vs.0.20 ±0.03 ng/mg; t =-5.263,P =0.003) and p-Akt (12.50± 1.40 pg/mg vs.17.13 ± 0.87 pg/mg; t =- 5.651,P =0.000) at 1 month were significantly lower than those in the sham operation group and continued to 4 months.There were no significant changes in the levels of IGF-1R and Akt.Conclusions The down-regulation of IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling pathway may be one of the pathogeneses of VaD.

Objective To investigate the influences of heart in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma closed to heart after high intensity focused ultrasound ablation(HIFU). Methods Thirty four patients with hepatocellular carcinoma closed to heart received detecting the values of periphery blood aspartate transarninase(AST), creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), myoglobin(Myo) and troponin I (cTnI) before and 1,3, 7 days after HIFU respectively. ECG was monitored in all patients simultaneously. Results The values of AST,CK,CK-MB,α-HBDH, LDH and Myo increased 1 day after HIFU significantly (P<0.05), which decreased greatly 3 days after HIFU and nearly recovered well (P>0.05) 7 days after HIFU. However, the value of cTnI and ECG were normal before and after HIFU. Conclusions No obvious myocardium injury was found after HIFU in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma dosed to heart, cTnI may be an important marker to evaluate myocardium injury after HIFU.

BACKGROUND: KATP channel regulates the response of cells to hypoxia and ischemia, mediates and is involved in the protection for cells or tissue organs. Our previous research confirms that Shenfu injection has good protective effect on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. There have been no reports on whether this protective effect is related to KATP channel in WeiPu deriodical database, WanFang database and Medline database until October 2005.OBJECTIVE: To observe the protective effect of Shenfu injection on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats, and analyze its correlation with KATP channel.DESIGN: Completely randomized grouping design, randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University; Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University.MATERIALS: Twenty-four adult SD rats of clean grade, of either gender, weighing 240 to 320 g, were employed in this trial. Shenfu injection (Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Batch No. 031002) and glibenclamide (National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products) were employed.METHODS: This trial was carried out in the Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from April to December 2004. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury models were employed. Twenty-four rats were randomized into 4 groups, with 6 in each group: sham-operation group [putting through thread, but without ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery, 8 mL/kg normal saline, intravenous injection (i.v.)], ischemia/reperfusion group (8 mL/kg normal saline, i.v.), Shenfu injection group (8 mL/kg Shenfu injection, i.v.) and Shenfu injection + glibenclamide group (0.33 mg/kg glibenclamide and 8 mL/kg Shenfu injection, i.v.). Administration in each group was conducted 15 minutes before ligation except for that in sham-operation group (immediately after putting through thread). About 6 mL blood was taken from cardiac apex. Left ventricular anterior wall was divided into 3 parts, and then which were used for homogenate, electron microscope observation and immunohistochemical detection separatety. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)and plasm cTnl level in myocardial tissue were detected. Ultra-structural changes of myocardial tissue were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: SOD activity, MDA level, expressions of TNF-α and IL-6, plasm cTnI level and ultra-structural changes of myocardial tissue. RESULTS: All the 24 rats were involved in the result analysis, without deletion. ① Compared with sham-operation group,SOD activity in myocardial tissue in ischemia/reperfusion group was decreased, while the expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 were increased, with statistical difference (P ＜ 0.01). MDA level in the ischemia/reperfusion group was higher than that in the sham-operation group (P ＜ 0.01); Compared with ischemia/reperfusion group, SOD activity was increased, MDA level and expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 were all decreased in Shenfu injection group(P ＜ 0.01); There were no significant differences in above-mentioned indexes between Shenfu injection group and Shenfu injection + glibenclamide group (P ＞0.05). ②Compared with sham-operation group, the plasm cTnl level in the ischemia/reperfusion group and Shenfu injection+ glibenclamide group was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01); Compared with ischemia/reperfusion group, plasm cTnl level in the Shenfu injection group was significantly decreased in Shenfu injection group (P ＜ 0.01); There were no signifi cant differences in plasm cTnl level between Shenfu injection group and Shenfu injection + glibenclamide group. ③ In the sham-operation group, the ultrastructure of myocardial cells was basically normal and mitochondrium swelled a little; In the ischemia/reperfusion group, karyolysis appeared, mitochondrium swelled obviously and considerable neutrophils infil trated; In the Shenfu injection group, myofilament of myocardial cells dissolved, mitochondrium swelled and nuclear mem brane was integrity; In the Shenfu injection + glibenclamide group, mitochondrium obviously swelled, myofilament present ed focus dissolving, sarcoplasmic reticulum expanded a little and allochromacy assembled in the edge of cells. CONCLUSION: Glibenclamide suppresses myocardial KATP channel, but does not eliminate the protective effect of Shenfu injection on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. KTAP channel does not play an important role in the protection of Shenfu injection for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

BACKGROUND: It has been confirmed that Shenfu parenteral injection can ameliorate and treat various shocks, heart failure, myocardial ischemia and supraventricular/ventricular arrhythmia, and it also has a good protective effect on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Shenfu parenteral injection on the protein expressions of myocardial apoptosis-related genes of Bcl-2, Bax and c-Fos in rats with acute ischemia/reperfusion injury.DESIGN: A complete randomized grouping design, controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital,Chongqing University of Medical Sciences.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Staff Room of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences from April to December in 2004. Thirty-five healthy adult Wistar rats were provided by the experimental animaI center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. Shenfu parenteral injection was the TCM formula of Shenfu Tang, which is for recuperating depleted yang and rescuing the patient from collapse, and its main components are ginsenoside and aconitum alkaloid. It was the product of Yaan Sanjiu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 10 mL/piece, the batch number was 030110.METHODS: In vivo models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury were used. The 35 rats were divided into 5 groups according to the number of random number table, with 7 rats in each group: ① Sham-operated group: The rats were treated with only insertion of thread without ligation, followed by intravenous injection of saline (8 mL/kg), and then observed for 120 minutes. ② Shenfu parenteral injection 30-minute group: The rats were treated with intravenous injection of Shenfu parenteral injection (8 mL/kg) at 15 minutes before ligation, and then the left coronary artery anterior descending branch was ligated for 40 minutes and reperfused for 30 minutes. ③ Shenfu parenteral injection 120-minute group: The rats were reperfused for 120 minutes, and the others were the same as those in the Shenfu parenteral injection 30-minute group. ④ Saline 30-minute control group: The rats were treated with intravenous injection of saline (8 mL/kg) at 15 minutes before ligation, and then the left coronary artery anterior descending branch was ligated for 40 minutes and reperfused for 30 minutes. ⑤ Saline 120-minute control group: The rats were reperfused for 120 minutes, and the others were the same as those in the saline 30-minute control group. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and c-Fos proteins in myocardial tissues were detected with immunohistochemical method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and cFos proteins in myocardial tissues of rats in each group were observed.RESULTS: All the 35 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. ①As compared with the sham-operated group, the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax or c-Fos protein in myocardium were significantly increased(P ＜ 0.01), but the Bcl-2/Bax ratios were significantly decreased (P ＜0.01) in the saline 30 and 120-minute groups. ② As compared with corresponding saline groups, the expressions of Bcl-2 protein in the Shenfu parenteral injection 30 and 120-minute groups were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01), the expressions of Bax and c-Fos proteins were remarkably decreased (P ＜ 0.01), and the Bcl-2/Bax ratios were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Protective effect of Shenfu parenteral injection on ischemia/reperfusion myocardium may be correlated with its promotion of Bcl-2 protein expression, restrain to Bax and c-Fos protein expressions, and increase of Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and it restrains the apoptosis of myocardial cells.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance and genotype distribution of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) of staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) isolated from children hospitalized at Pediatric People's Hospital of Zhongjiang County.Methods Seventy-seven strains of S.aureus were collected by nasopharyngeal swabs at the Pediatric Department of People's Hospital of Zhongjiang County from January to December 2015.Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) were identified by cefoxitin disc diffusion and detection of mecA method.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antibiotics were determined by E-test method.SCCmec typing on MRSA strains was performed by using multiplex PCR.Results MRSA accounted for 54.5％ (42 strains) strains of 77 strains.All MRSA strains were resistant to Penicillin,and the rates of antibiotic resistance to Cefuroxime,Ceftriaxone,Erythromycin were 78.6％,95.2％ and 97.6％,respectively.The rates of antibiotic resistance of 35 MSSA to Penicillin and Erythromycin were 97.1％ and 62.9％,and they were also sensitive to other antibiotics.In 42 strains of MRSA,SCCmec type Ⅳa was the predominant type (27 strains,64.3 ％),which was followed by type Ⅳ g and Ⅴ (each 5 strains,11.9％),type Ⅳ c and Ⅳh (each 1strain,2.4％).Non-susceptibility rate of SCCmec Ⅳ to cefuroxime was significantly higher than that of other SCCmec types (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions All strains from children hospitalized in People's Hospital of Zhongjiang County are often resistant to Penicillin and Erythromycin.The proportion of MRSA isolated from hospitalized children was high.SCCmec type Ⅳa is the main genotype of MRSA.

Objective:To investigate whether pORF5 plasmid protein of Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct) induces 1L-1βand 1L-18 production in THP-1 cells,and its potential molecular mechanism.Methods:pORF5 plasmid protein was used to stimulate THP-1 cells at different concentrations(0,3,6,12,24,36 μg/ml),then the inflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1βwere detected by ELISA at the time of 0,8,16,24,36 h;The mRNA expression of NALP3 inflammasome were detected by Realtime-PCR,and Caspase-1 activity was determined by Western blot analysis.THP-1 cells were transfected with siRNA targeting NALP3 and ASC gene for 24 h or pretreated with Caspase-1 inhibitor(Z-YVAD-FMK) for 30 min,and subsequently stimulated with pORF5(24 μg/ml) for 24 h,then secretion of IL-1βand IL-18 were analyzed by ELISA.Results: The pORF5 plasmid protein induced THP-1 cells to secrete IL-1βand IL-18 by dose-and time-dependent manners,production of IL-1βand IL-18 reached their peaks(491 pg/ml and 186 pg/ml) at concentration of 24 μg/ml,and the peak amount of IL-1βand IL-18 occurred at 24 h and 16 h post-stimulation respectively.pORF5 plasmid protein in-creased mRNA expression of NALP3 inflammasome and activated Caspase-1 in THP-1 cells.NALP3 siRNA,ASC siRNA and Z-YVAD-FMK reduced pORF5-induced IL-1βand IL-18 production when compared with control groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:pORF5 plasmid protein could induce THP-1 cells to produce IL-1βand IL-18 through NALP3 inflammasome activation,which may play an important role in the pathogenesis in Ct infection.

Objective: To improve the clinical outcomes and critical care quality for pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), the multidisciplinary team including doctors, nurses and respiratory therapist designed a daily checklist for patients with ECMO and evaluated the effect of the checklist. Methods: A daily checklist for ECMO patients was designed based on the expert consensus and multi-centers relevant researches. ECMO patients from January 2015 and May 2017 in the pre-application group, while the other patients from June 2017 to December 2018 in the post-application group were compared in the clinical outcomes. Results: All 78 pediatric patients used the venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) including 27 patients in the pre-application group and the other 51 patients in the post-application group. The mortality rate was 49.02%(25/51) in the post-application group and 81.48%(22/27) in the pre-application group, the differences were significant (χ²=7.768, P=0.005). The rates of central line-associated bloodstream infection, pressure injury and the body weight change was 2/5, 4/5, -2.70(-3.50--2.05) in the pre-application group and 3.85%(1/26), 26.92%(7/26), -0.09(-1.00-0.00) in the post-application group,the differences were significant (χ²=4.505, 5.161, Z=3.252, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions It is helpful for clinical staff to follow up the progress of the multiple organs when using the daily checklist, to facilitate team communication for, and to improve nursing management through setting the daily targets for individual VA-ECMO patients.

Objective To prepare and characterize salinomycin sodium‐loaded nano liposomes(SLN) .Methods The nano liposomes were prepared by a thin‐film dispersion method .The formula of SLN was optimized by regulating the cholesterol ratio of the nano liposomes ,using the encapsulation efficacy (EE) of SLN as the primary outcome measure .Results Transmission e‐lectron microscope (TEM) showed that SLN was round and had a good dispersion .Dynamic laser scatter (DLS) showed that SLN was of a desired size of 99 nm ,and zeta potential of -33 .5 mV .EE of SLN was 85 .7% and drug loading of 6 .7% .Ac‐cording to the formulation of nano liposomes ,the concentration of salinomycin sodium in water was greatly improved by 15 folds .Additionally ,the nano liposomes were observed to exhibit sustained release characteristics .Conclusion Salinomycin sodi‐um‐loaded nanoliposomes of a desired size of about 100 nm were obtained ,which were well dispersion ,and high EE and drug loading .Solid pharmaceutics foundation for the activity examination of SLN was provided in this research .