Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of amiodarone in the treatment of the elderly patients with ventricular arrhythmia.Methods 136 elderly patients with ventricular arrhythmia were randomly divided into the observation group (n =68cases) and control group (n =68cases).The observation group was given amiodarone by intravenous to treat the elderly ventricular arrhythmia,and patients in the control group were treated with combination therapy.After treatment for 4 weeks,the treatment outcomes were observed and compared.Results The obvious effective rate and total effective rate of the observation group was 51.47％,92.65％).which were significantly higher than those in the control group (51.47 ％,92.65 ％) (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of adverse effect between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Amiodarone has good clinical effect in treatment of elderly patients with ventricular arrhythmia,it is worthy of clinical use.

Neural stem cells are a category of cells with self-renewal and differentiation potential. Proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells have closely relation with growth factor, cell factor, environmental signal, and so on. In recent years, evidence indicates that neural stem cells possessing multipotency naturally occur in adult brain. The found of adult neural stem cells have changed the theory that central nervous system cannot regenerative. Chinese Traditional Medicine can effectively induce adult neural stem cells to proliferate and differentiate, opening up unprecedented direction in the research for the treatment of nerve regeneration, and showing great potency for curing cerebral ischemic injury.

Objective To investigate the effects of Morroniside on H2O2-induced oxidative injury in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.MethodsSH-SY5Y cells were pre-incubated with Morroniside(1,10,and 100 μmol/L)for 24 h prior to exposure to H2O2(500 μmol/L)for 18 h.The content of reactive oxygen species(ROS),nitric oxide(NO),glutathione(GSH)were determined.ResultsPretreatment the cells with Morroniside(10 and 100 μmol/L)lowered H2O2-induced ROS release by 37%(P<0.01)and 27%(P<0.05)versus H2O2,and NO release in a dose-dependent manner by 31%(P<0.05),53%(P<0.01)versus H2O2.Morroniside(1,10,and 100 μmol/L)increased GSH level in cells treated with H2O2 in comparison with cells exposed only to H2O2,respectively.ConclusionMorroniside shows neuroprotection effect against H2O2-induced oxidation injury in SH-SY5Y cell.

BACKGROUND:cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) is a key protein of memory, which is closely related to long-term memory. It wil provide a new way for the treatment of hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD) to study the effects of dental pulp stem cel s transplantation on the long-term behavior and CREB protein via the lateral ventricle in neonatal HIBD rats. OBJECTIVE:To observe the changes in long-term behavior and CREB protein expression in neonatal HIBD rats after human dental pulp stem cel transplantation, thereby providing scientific evidence for clinical treatment of neonatal HIBD. METHODS:Thirty-six healthy 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal, HIBD and cel transplantation group. The hypoxic ischemic brain damage models were established in the brain damage and cel transplantation groups. Twenty-four hours after HIBD, human dental pulp stem cel s were injected into the left lateral cerebral ventricle of rats in the cel transplantation group, total y 3×106 living cel s. Equal volume of normal saline was injected into the left lateral cerebral ventricle of rats in the normal control and HIBD groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The average time to seek water, the average escape latency and escape distance of the human dental pulp stem cel s group were significantly shorter than those of hypoxic ischemic brain injury group (P<0.01), but longer than those in the normal group (P<0.01). Nissl staining showed that the cel s in the hippocampal CA1 region in human dental pulp stem cel s group were more regular, the number of cel s was significantly higher than that of hypoxic ischemic brain injury group, but stil significantly less than that in the normal group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining results showed that the number of CREB positive cel s in human dental pulp stem cel s group was significantly higher than those in HIBD group, but stil significantly less than those in the normal group (P<0.01). It is suggested that human dental pulp stem cel s transplantation could promote the expression of CREB protein in the hippocampal CA1 region, to improve the long-term learning and memory ability of hypoxic ischemic neonatal rats, and thus repair HIBD.

Objective To investigate the effects of morroniside on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced calcium overload and cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Methods SH-SY5Y cells were pre-incubated with morroniside 1, 10, or 100 μmol/L for 24 h prior to exposure to H2O2 300~500 μmol/L for 18 h. The cytosolic free calcium concentration and LDH release were determined. Results The H2O2-induced cytosolic free calcium concentration decreased in the cells pre-incubated with morroniside 10 or 100 μmol/L, while the LDH release level decreased in the cells pre-incubated with morroniside 1, 10 or 100 μmol/L, comparison with the cells exposed H2O2 along. Conclusion Morroniside effects neuroprotection against H2O2-induced calcium overload and cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cell.

Objective To investigate the effect of Morroniside which was isolated from Cornus officinalis on the growth and the protection against H2O2-induced injury in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.Methods SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with Morroniside in different concentration.MTT metabolic rate was measured as the cell survival rate in order to determine the best effective concentration to promote the survival of neuron.MTT metabolic rate,axonal length,area of cell body and cell counting were used as the indicators to analyze the effects of Morroniside on the growth of SH-SY5Y on the best effective concentration.After SH-SY5Y cells were injured with 500 μmol/L H2O2,they were administrated with Morroniside in different concentration and vitamin E.The expression of neural growth factor(NGF)were determined with Western Blotting.Results Morroniside increased the cell survival rate in 10～100 μmol/L.Compared with control group,MTT metabolic rate(P<0.05),axonal length(P<0.001),area of cell body(P<0.01),cell counting(P<0.05)increased in morroniside-treated group after SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with Morroniside in 10 μmol/L.The expression of NGF in morroniside-treated group was higher than that of the control group after injury induced by H2O2.Conclusion Morroniside shows the neurotrophic effect and can protect SH-SY5Y cells from injury induced by H2O2.

Objective:To evaluate macular microvessel changes in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) by optical coherence tomography angiography.Methods:Cross-sectional clinical case-control study. From November 2019 to November 2020, 21 FEVR patients (41 eyes) from Weifang Eye Hospital were selected; 17 healthy volunteers (28 eyes) with the same age and gender as FEVR group were selected as normal control group. According to the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 1.0 and <1.0, FEVR group was divided into normal visual acuity group (27 eyes) and visual acuity decreased group (14 eyes). All enrollees received BCVA and OCTA. BCVA was performed with an international standard visual acuity chart, which was converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) vision. The OCTA instrument was used to scan the macular area of all the examined eyes in the range of 3 mm×3 mm, 6 mm×6 mm, and the blood vessel density (VD) and blood perfusion density (PD) within the range of 3 mm×3 mm, 6 mm×6 mm were measured and the area, circumference, and morphological index of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) within the range of 6 mm×6 mm. Quantitative data were compared between groups by independent sample t test. Statistical data were compared by χ 2 test. The area under curve (AUC) of each index was determined according to receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve), and the predictive value of each index was evaluated. Results:In the macular area of 6 mm×6 mm, VD, PD, FAZ area and FAZ perimeter of FEVR group were all lower than those of normal control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-3.350, -2.387, -3.519, -3.029; P<0.05). In macular area of 3 mm×3 mm and 6 mm×6 mm, compared with normal vision group and vision loss group, both VD and PD decreased. The differences were statistically significant ( t=2.088, 2.114, 2.160, 2.545; P<0.05). In the macular area of 6 mm×6 mm , the FAZ morphological index of the two groups was significantly different ( t=2.409, P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that all the indicators had low diagnostic value for FEVR (AUC<0.5). Conclusion:There are microvascular abnormalities in macular area in FEVR patients, and the decrease of blood vessels and the change of FAZ shape may be related to the loss of visual acuity.

Objective:To assess the value of culture of epidermal melanocytes from negative-pressure suction blisters in the auxiliary diagnosis of segmental vitiligo-like nevus depigmentosus.Methods:Between June 2019 and March 2020, 8 patients with segmental vitiligo-like nevus depigmentosus, who met the Coupe′s clinical diagnostic criteria, were enrolled from Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People′s Hospital. All patients were evaluated by the Wood′s lamp, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) , 308-nm excimer laser radiation, and in vitro culture of epidermal melanocytes from negative-pressure suction blisters. Results:Among the 8 patients, fluorescence was observed in 6 under the Wood′s lamp, dermal papillary rings were incomplete or absent in 4 as shown by RCM, and 5 experienced no repigmentation after 308-nm excimer laser radiation. Among the 8 patients, in vitro cultured lesional melanocytes were all positive for ferrous sulfate staining, yellowish-white precipitates were obtained after digestion and centrifugation of the melanocytes, and stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ melanosomes were observed in the cytoplasm of melanocytes under the electron microscope; however, the precipitates were black in color after digestion and centrifugation of the melanocytes collected from the normal skin tissues at the contralateral anatomical site, and stageⅠ-Ⅳ melanosomes were seen in the cytoplasm of the melanocytes under the electron microscope. Conclusion:Culture of epidermal melanocytes from negative-pressure suction blisters may facilitate the diagnosis of segmental vitiligo-like nevus depigmentosus.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of long-term treatment with tacrolimus ointment in patients with vitiligo. Methods: A total of 156 patients with vitiligo (70 males and 86 females) were enrolled into this study, who were firstly diagnosed with vitiligo and continuously followed up in Department of Dermatology, Yiwu Dermatology Hospital and the Third People′s Hospital of Hangzhou between January 2016 and February 2018. Of the 156 patients, 114 were adults, and 42 were children aged 6 - 18 years. All the patients received 6-month treatment with tacrolimus ointment twice a day. They were followed up once a month, the time to initial repigmentation and vitiligo area severity index (VASI) were recorded, and VASI improvement rate was calculated. After 6-month treatment, the patients achieving marked improvement were divided into conventional treatment group and interval treatment group to be treated with tacrolimus ointment twice a day and once every 3 days respectively for another 6 months, and final efficacy of the 2 protocols was compared. Mauchly′s test of sphericity, randomized block analysis of variance and Bonferroni method were used to analyze differences among pre-treatment VASI scores, and 1- to 6-month post-treatment VASI scores. Results: Among the 156 patients, the pre-treatment, and 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-month post-treatment VASI scores[M (P25, P75) ] were 2 (0.6, 5) , 2 (2, 5) , 1.6 (0.575, 4.5) , 1.2 (0.5, 4.0) , 0.4 (1.15, 3.5) , 0.75 (0.3, 2.575) , 0.6 (0.2, 2.2) respectively. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the VASI score among the above time points (F = 6.14, P < 0.05) , and the VASI score showed a gradual decreasing trend over time. During the initial 6-month treatment, the average time to initial repigmentation was 2.2 ± 0.6 months. Of the 156 patients, 98 (62.8%) received marked improvement, and the time to marked improvement was 5.2 ± 0.6 months. Of the 98 patients who received marked improvement, 46 completed another 6-month treatment. After 12-month treatment, there was no significant difference in the repigmentation rate between the conventional treatment group (73.3% ± 18.2%) and interval treatment group (72.0% ± 16.2%, t = 0.42, P > 0.05) . Conclusions The initial 6-month topical tacrolimus therapy showed marked efficacy for vitiligo. After the marked improvement of skin lesions, good efficacy can be maintained by long-term treatment with topical tacrolimus once every 3 days or twice a day.