With the development of corneal refractive surgery, especially the application of femtosecond laser, and the lack of corneal donor, corneal stromal lenticules produced in refractive surgery have gradually attracted the attention of ophthalmologists.Most fresh corneal stromal lenticules are difficult to put into use immediately, so how to better preserve and treat the lenticules is a problem that ophthalmologists need to solve.Corneal stromal lenticules can be used in the treatment of many kinds of ophthalmic diseases.In this article, the preservation and treatment of corneal stromal lenticules, as well as its application and prospects in treating hyperopia and presbyopia, keratoconus, corneal ulcer, corneal dystrophy, dermoid tumors and recurrent pterygium, corneal thinning after laser in situ keratomileusis, and covering glaucoma drainage valve to prevent exposure were reviewed to provide reference for further clinical research and application.

Objective To explore the new preservation method of cornea by evaluating the structure and function of rabbit's endothelia on the condition of whole-eye preservation with aqueous removed and recipient's serum tamponaded. Methods Forty New Zealand big white rabbits (80 eyes) were random divided into two groups, 40 eyes in group A (control group) and 40 eyes in group B (experimental group). The vitality of endothelial cell on the condition of tow corneal preservation methods which were the moist chamber preservation (group A) and the whole-eye preservation with aqueous removed and recipient's serum tamponaded (group B) was compared. At the 2nd day, the 5th day, the 7th day, the 10th day, the vitality of endothelial cell was appraised through ultra-microstructure by scanning electron microscope and the trpan biuealizarin red stain. The corneal thickness was measured, and corneal endothelial cells density was calculated, and cell size was observed by image analysis system. Result In group B, the corneas remained transparent for 7 days , and the rate of vitality was 90% for7 days and that was over 80% for 10 days. In group A, the corneas remained transparent for 2 days, and the endothelial cell losing and dying were found after 5 days. Cell vitality, cell density and cell size had no statistical difference between Group B for 7 days and group A for 2 days. (all P＞0. 05). In group A, at the 5th day, the 7th day ,the 10th day, the average corneal thickness were (0.64 ± 0.04) mm, (0. 79 ± 0. 03) mm , (1.06 ± 0. 03) mm. In the group B, at the 5th day, the 7th day ,the l0th day, the average corneal thickness were (0. 55 ±0.03)mm, (0.65 ±0. 02) mm , (0. 85 ± 0. 05) mm. The average corneal thickness had significant difference between group A and group B (all P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Recipient serum had the function with supporting the structure and function of rabbit's corneal endothelial cell, and it could prolong the storage time with the moist chamberstorage at the same time.

Objective To investigate the expression of E26 transformation-specific-1 (E26ts-1),matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in choroidal melanoma and the correlation with the tumor′s infiltration and metastasis. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of E26ts-1,MMP-1and TIMP-1 in 78 cases of choroidal melanoma who were divided into shuttle-cells,paraepithelial-cells and mixed-cells type according to the configuration of tumor cells.The patients were followed up and their average existing time was calculated.The results were statistically computed with statistic SPSS 10.0 package. Results In the 78 cases,shuttle-cells type was found in 21,paraepithelial-cells type in 34,and mixed-cells type in 23. Expression of TIMP-1was low in uveal melanoma,while expression of E26ts-1 and MMP-1 was obviously found in the three types of choroidal melanoma;the sequence of expression intensity was shuttle-cells,mixed-cells and paraepithelial-cells type.Among 37 cases who had been followed up,the shuttle-cells type was in 18 with the average existing time of (78.33?24.69) months,the mixed-cells type was in 10 with the average existing time of (61.44?20.46) months,and the paraepithelial-cells type was in 9 with the average existing time of (36.76?12.19) months.The existing time was negative correlated with the intensity of expresion of E26ts-1 and MMP-1. Conclusion The high expression of E26ts-1 and MMP-1and low expression of TIMP-1may relate to the choroidal melanoma′s infiltration and metastasis.

Objective:To compare the effect of three different titanium alloy surface topographies on the biological character fibro-blasts.Methods:Three different titanium alloy Ti6Al4V surface topographies were created by machining(M),direct current electro-chemical etching(DC)and alternating current electrochemical etching(AC)respectively,and standard sized samples were prepared. The surface topographies were observed field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM).Mouse L929 fibroblasts were cultured on different surfaces.The attachment of cells was examined by acridine orange staining and observed under fluorescent microscope.The proliferation of cells was measured using MTT assay.Results:Tubles with the diamete of 5 -20 μm were observed on the surface of the sample of group DC,and more evenly distributed tubles on that of group AC.Micro-sulci were observed and no microtuble was found on the sample surface of group M.L929 cells were attached on the surface of all the samples in the 3 groups.More adhered and better strached cells were observed on AC treated surface.The proliferation of fibroblasts on AC and DC surfaces was superior to that on M treated surface and at the 3 -5 day the proliferation of fibroblasts on the AC surface was higher than that on DC treated surface.Con-clusion:AC treated surface with the micro-submicro-nano hierarchical topography of titanium alloy has a superior biocompatibility and can promote the early attachment and proliferation of the fibroblasts.

Objective To find out association mapping of loci related to bipolar disorder on chromosome 4 with microsatellite markers in DNA pooling samples from bipolar disorder cases and normal controls in Shandong province. Methods A total of 22 microsatellite markers on chromosome 4 spaced at approximately 10 cM were selected and two separated DNA pooling samples consisting of 104 bipolar disorder cases and 1000 normal controls were genotyped respectively. Statistic analysis was performed by Chi-square method with CLUMP software to compare the difference in the ratio of each allele in these loci between the two pooling samples. Result Significant statistic differences were found at D4S1592 and D4S402 on chromosome 4 between cases and controls(P＜0.01 ).( D4S1592:x2 = 15.968, P=0.006; D4S402:x2 =31.553, P=0.002). Conclusion The loci of D4S1592 and D4S402 on chromosome 4 are found to be associated with bipolar disorder patients in Shandong province, further screening of the susceptibility genes around these loci is needed.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients with poor response to treatment. Methods: A total of 61 AIH patients were enrolled, among whom 49 (80.33%) achieved complete response (good response group) and 12 (19.67%) had incomplete response (poor response group). The two groups were compared in terms of clinical manifestations, laboratory markers, abdominal ultrasound findings, pathological features by liver biopsy, and response to treatment. Continuous data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (x±s), and the t-test was used for comparison between groups; categorical data were expressed as rates or percentages, and the chi-square test was used for comparison between groups; a binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine influencing factors. Results: Most patients were female in both groups, and there were no significant differences in sex ratio, mean age of onset, and general status including extrahepatic autoimmune disease between the two groups. Compared with the good response group, the poor response group had significantly higher levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin M (P < 0.05). Compared with the good response group, the poor response group had a significantly higher positive rate of autoimmune antibodies except anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA), antimitochondrial antibody (AMA), and AMA/M2 (75% vs 16.3%, P < 0.001), and there was a significant difference in the positive rate of gp210 antibody between the two groups (25% vs 0%, P < 0.01). There were significant differences between the poor response group and the good response group in the proportion of patients with liver cirrhosis (50.0 % vs 16.3%, P < 0.05) and splenomegaly (58.3% vs 22.4%, P < 0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that a high serum level of ALP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.017, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.001-1.033, P = 0.034), positive autoimmune antibodies except ANA, SMA, and AMA/M2 (OR = 70.842, 95% CI 2.132-2 354.371, P = 0.017), and liver cirrhosis (OR = 28.777, 95% CI 1.015-815.854, P = 0.049) were independent risk factors for initial treatment outcome. Conclusion A high serum level of ALP, positive autoimmune antibodies except ANA, SMA, and AMA/M2, and liver cirrhosis are closely associated with poor response in AIH patients.

Objective To explore the application value of retrobulbar nerve block combined with general anesthesia in the penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). Methods A total of 100 recipients undergoing PKP from January 2017 to January 2019 were recruited in this study. All recipients were divided into the observation group (n=50) and control group (n=50) by random number table method. In the control group, patients received laryngeal mask airway under general anesthesia, and in the observation group, patients received laryngeal mask airway under general anesthesia combined with retrobulbar nerve block. Hemodynamic changes of the PKP recipients before and after operation were observed in two groups. The dosage of analgesic drugs and the incidence of complications were observed in two groups. The degree of pain at postoperative 2-, 6- and 24-h was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) in two groups. The awakening situation of the recipients in two groups was observed. The levels of inflammatory cytokines at 1 d before and after operation were statistically compared in two groups. Results The average arterial pressure and heart rate at intraoperative 15 min and after the surgery in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P < 0.05). In the observation group, the dosage of remifentanil and propofol were (1.0±0.4) mg and (299±40) mg, significantly lower than (1.3±0.6) mg and (365±42) mg in the control group (both P < 0.05). The incidence of complications did not significantly differ between two groups (P > 0.05). In the observation group, the VAS scores at 2-, 6- and 12-h after operation were remarkably lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.01). The respiratory recovery time, eye opening time, directional force recovery time and extubation time of the recipients in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). The expression levels of including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at postoperative 1 d in the observation group were considerably lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Retrobulbar nerve block combined with general anesthesia can maintain hemodynamic stability during PKP, reduce the dosage of remifentanil and propofol and alleviate the degree of postoperative pain and inflammatory responses of the recipients.

Objective:To explore ways and methods for public mental health intervention during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:A comprehensive literature review was conducted. Mental healthcare publicity materials posted by over 100 Chinese hospitals in multiple media (till February 24, 2020) were also systematically collected and analyzed.Results:Firstly, anxiety and fear were the most common mental health problems among people during the epidemic. Secondly, to achieve better outcomes, mental health intervention should be provided according to the type of service clients. Thirdly, new media can facilitate the transmission of mental healthcare knowledge, but the limitation is that it can not approach older adults who have limited access to new media. It is therefore essential to strengthen the mental health knowledge transmission to older adults.Conclusions:Mental health intervention is effective when it is provided according to the type of service clients during the COVID-19 epidemic.