Objective To investigate the information obtained by bile culture and susceptibility testing as while factors like styles of obstruction,abdominal surgical history,degree and time of jaundice related to bacterial infection of biliary tract for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ).Methods A total of 93 patients with MOJ received percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) during Jan.,2015 and Mar.,2016.Bile specimens were collected during the procedure for bacterial culture and susceptibility.Results A rate of 60.2％ (56/93) patients had a positive bile culture and 58 strains were identified,in which gram-positive bacteria accounted for 36.2 ％ (21/58) and gram-negative bacteria accounted for 63.8 ％ (37/58).The most common bacteria were Enterococcus Faecalis,Escherichia Coli,Klebsiella Pneumonia and Staphylococcus Epidermidis.Conclusions The bile cultures indicated that a different antibacterial therapy should be managed in the patients of biliary infection complicated by malignant biliary jaundice.Low obstruction and abdominal surgery history are independent factors related to infection,while time and degree of jaundice shows no relationship to infection.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of expression of hormone receptors, as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and displays special biological and clinicopathological characteristics. This subtype is aggressive in nature with high histological grade. Besides invasive ductal carcinoma,several special histological types have also been found. The features of the TNBC subgroup roughly parallel those of the basal-like subgroup. Due to the lack of molecular targets, this subgroup has no chance of endocrine treatment and target therapy. Currently, the treatment of TNBC is dominated by chemotherapy based on anthracycline with suboptimal efficacy. Overall, the prognosis has remained quite poor. Emerging evidence indicates that patients regimens with triple negative breast cancer usually displays high rate of early recurrence and distant metastasis. Both the diseasefree survival and overall survival rates are low. Although this subtype which shows same immunohistologic pattern, great heterogeneity still exists within the group causing distinctions in morphology, prognosis, and more importantly, drastically different reactions to same treatment protocol. In recent years, TNBC has been widely concerned by both clinician and pathologist. Several targeted drugs for corresponding signal pathway as well as the subtype of triple negative breast cancer have been widely studied. This article focused on the advances in clinicopathological characteristics, new subtypes and treatment of triple negative breast cancer.

Purpose　To explore the value of single cell isolation from tissue slides and single cell polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in the study of lymphy node germinal centers.　Methods　By single-cell isolation and single-cell PCR,rearranged immunoglobulin(Ig) genes were amplified from single Ki67(+) cells and single CD3(+) cells.The Ⅴ-region family specific primers were designed to Ig heavy chain leader region and light chain κ and λ framework region Ⅰ.　Results　PCR efficiency of Ki67(+) cells were 18.7% and 50.0% respectively in 2 lymph nodes.However,in 40 CD3(+) T cells,no Ig gene rearrangements were observed,which confirmed the efficiency and specificity of single cell isolation and single cell PCR.　Conclusions　Our study demonstrated the feasibility of single cell isolation from tissue slides and single cell PCR.This makes a sound basis for the use of technique in the further study of lymphoid diseases.

Objective: To study the change of NO (nitric oxide) and NOS (nitric oxide synthase) in brain of rats induced by acute stress Method: The concentration of NO and NOS in frontal lob, hippcampus, midbrain and hypothalamus were measured in 1 and 3 hours after stress respectively Results: The concentration of NO and NOS in hippcampus and hypothalamus were significantly higher than that of control group at 1 hour after stress (P

Objective: To study NOS activities in serum of rats under different stresses. Methods: Two models of stress were made in rats, one is the conventional forced swimming model (including 12 rats), and the other is a social defeated paradigm (including 12 rats). The activities of NOS of rats under each model and of one control group (10 rats) were measured. Results: Compared with control, the NOS activity under social defeated paradigm was lower (15.36?1.74/17.11?1.67 U/ml, t=2.32, P

Objective: To study the change of cyclic nucleotide in brain of rats induced by acute stress Method: The concentration of cAMP and cGMP in frontal lob, hippcampus, midbrain and hypothalamus were measured in 1 and 3 hours after stress respectively Results:The concentration of cGMP in hippcampus and hypothalamus were significantly higher than that of control group at 1 hour after stress (P

CD98 is a transmembrane heterodimer of cell surface.It regulates cell signaling pathway by activating some correlated proteins,and controls cell polarization,proliferation,adhesion and migration.CD98 plays an important role in the development of cancer and may be a novel tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis in lung cancer.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic values of plasma albumin and total bilirubin, serum uric acid and inflammatory cytokines levels in patients with bipolar disorder.Methods A total of 48 cases of bipolar disorder patients were selected as research subjects ( study group) , and 45 cases of healthy people in the same period were chosen as control group.The plasma albumin, total bilirubin and serum IL-1β, IL-4, uric acid levels were compared and analyzed between two groups.Results The serum albumin, total bilirubin levels in study group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group, with significant difference (P<0.05).The serum IL-1β, IL-4 levels in study group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05).The serum uric acid levels in study group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group, with significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion The serum albumin, total bilirubin and serum IL-1β, IL-4, uric acid levels can be used as a diagnostic reference index for bipolar disorder.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the main treatment method for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As a non-invasive functional MR imaging, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) can relfect the functional changes in tumor before morphologic changes. In the follow-up of HCC after TACE, DWI can detect new lesions and distinguish necrotic neoplastic tissue and residual neoplastic tissue timely and accurately.

Objective To observe effect of Kechuanning on the expression of IL-5mRNA in lung tissue of bronchial asthmatic rats.Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:the normal group,the model group,Kechuanning high-dose group (27 g/kg),Kechuanning low-dose group (13.5 g/kg),Guilong Kechuanning control group (0.45 g/kg),8 rats in each group.The bronchial asthmatic model was established by egg protein sensibilization and inhalation provocation.The rats of each treatment group were lavage administration each day from the first time of provocation to execution.After 4 weeks of treatment,the rats were killed and lung tissue were taken to dying of HE to be observed.The expression of IL-5mRNA in lung tissue were determined by RT-PCR.Result Compared with the normal group,the thickness of bronchus wall and bronchus smooth muscle,the numbers of eosinophile granulocyte and leukomonocyte,and expression of IL-5mRNA in lung tissue were increased (P