Aim To study the receptor mechanism of carvedilol(CAR) on heart failure.Methods Established rat model of heart failure was induced by abdominal aortic coarctation.With modified Langendorff model of rat,isoproterenol(ISO),carvedilol,propranolol(PRL) and the specific ?3 adrenergic receptor(?3AR) blocker SR59230A were given perfusion on heart failure and normal rats' hearts.Then the cardiac function was investigated.At the same time,plasma norepinephrine in normal and heart failure group was measured.Results ① The ?dp/dtmax of heart failure group were significantly reduced compared with those of the normal group,and the norepinephrine level was remarkably higher than that of the normal group.② In heart failure group,perfused PRL on the basis of ISO,the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise(+dp/dtmax) decreased by 40.37%? 2.52%,the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decrease(-dp/dtmax) reduced by 41.36%?1.10%;perfused CAR on the basis of ISO,+dp/dtmax decreased by 24.73%? 3.60%,-dp/dtmax reduced by 22.05%?1.27%.There were differences between these two groups,and the cardiac function perfused CAR was better than PRL.③ Perfused CAR in heart failure group,+dp/dtmax increased by 41.57%?14.98%,-dp/dtmax increased by 33.39%?6.41%;perfused ?3AR specific blocker SR59230A,+dp/dtmax increase by 45.75% ?2.64%,-dp/dtmax increased by 42.81% ?9.62%.There were no differences between these two groups.Conclusion Another receptor mechanism of CAR in heart failure model was probably blocked by ?3AR.

Objective To explore the surgical techniques of keyhole approach craniotomy in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in old patients. Methods CT-guided keyhole approach craniotomy was performed to treat 50 old patients with hypertensive hematomas from January 2000 to August 2003. Results CT scans within 12 postoperative hours showed over 90% hematomas were removed. The activity of daily living (ADL) classification results 6 months after the surgery were: grade Ⅰin 10 cases (20.0%), grade Ⅱ in 21 cases (42.0%), grade Ⅲ in 9 cases (18%), grade Ⅳ in 3 cases (6.0%), grade Ⅴ in 2 cases (4.0%), and grade Ⅵ in 5 cases (10.0%). Conclusions Senility is by no means a contraindication for surgery in the treatment of hypertensive hematomas and keyhole approach minimally invasive craniotomy can give a satisfactory effect.

Effects of Sini decoctiou (SD ) on ischemic (anoxic ) electrocardiogram (ECG ) and possible action mechanism of SD were studied.Results indicate that SD significantly improves the pituitrin induced ischemic ECG of rabbits, significantly prevents S-T scgment from desconding and suppresses the elevation of T wave; SD can also lengthen significantly cardioe lectric activity time of anoxic mice. The protective cffects of SD on ischemic (anoxic ) myocardium may be related to the significant increase of myocardial nutritional blood flow induced by administrating SD.

Several biological characteristics of stem cell such as self-renewal and multi-direc tional differentiation,makes stem cell therapy obtain better clinical efficacy in the treatment of many refractory diseases,Even some of the incurable disease in the treatment of the disease.Stem cell therapy showes a good prospect,brings the clinicians and patients in despair with confidence and hopesometimes.This article introduced the stem cell treatment policy,the management system and the present situation in domestic and foreign,pointed out the main problems of stem cell therapy in china and discussed on the dispute of stem cell therapy in scientific research management and clinical application in China.

Objective:To study the role of adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of polymyositis. Methods:The abnormal expression of adhesion molecules on T cells in peripheral blood and muscle fibers from patients with myositis was analyzed by two colour immunofluoresence and RT PCR methods respectively. Results:The expression of adhesion molecules including lymphocyte function associated antigen 1(LFA 1 ),very late antigen 4(VLA 4) on T cells in peripheral blood and intercellular adhesion molecule l(ICAM 1) on muscle fibers from patients with myositis was markedly higher than that in the healthy control group. Conclusion: These findings suggested that adhesion molecules may be responsible for the migration of T cells and destraction of muscle fibers.

Objective To study the probability of transferring the regulatory T cells induced by TGF-β1 to prolong the allograft survival and the mechanisms involved.Methods According to the different culture conditions.three experimental groups were established:control group(T cells from C57 BL/6 mice cultured with II-2),MLR group(T cells from C57BL/6 mice activated by alloantigen)and TGF-βgroup(T cells from C57BL/6 mice activated by alloantigen and cultured with 5.0 ng/ml TGF-β1).After the culture,the ratio of CI4+CD25+T and the Foxq3 expression were measured by FACS and RT-PCR,respectively.On 9th day,the pathologic analysis was performed and the ratios of TH1,TH2 and Treg and the proliferation of lymphocytes were measured.Results The ratio of CD4+CD25+T in TGF-β group was higher than that in control group and MLR group(P<0.05),and Foxp3 was expressed in CD4+CD25+T cell from TGF-βgroup.After transferring ofthe cells,the allografi survival time in TGF-β group was prolonged and its mean survival time(MST)was(22.8±1.9)d,which was longer than that in MLR group and control group (P0.05),lower than that of control group(P<0.05). And the ratio of CD4+CD25+T in TGF-β group was higher than that in control and MLR group obviously(P

Objective To compare the accuracy of placement of ventricular shunt tube,the efficacy and complications of the neuronavigation-assisted ventriculoperitoneal shunt (group A) and traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt (group B).Methods A retrospective study was made on 40 cases of hydrocephalus managed with neuronavigation-assisted ventriculoperitoneal shunt or ventriculoperitoneal shunt from January 2012 to June 2016.There were 18 cases [12 males,6 females;(47.5 ±8.5) years of age] in group A and 22 cases [14 males,8 females;(44.5 ± 7.5) years of age] in group B.Therapeutic effect and complications were analyzed postoperatively.The accuracy rate in ventricular end shunt placement that was free from the frontal horn of lateral ventricle and flush the Moro hole had also been studied.Results The position of ventricular shunt of all the patients were postoperative timely review of the CT view,and hospital outpatient follow-up periodical for 3-24 months after discharge from hospital.Patients with postoperative timely review of head CT and found that group A of ventricular end of the shunt tube position reach a set position in 16 cases,2 cases had not reached the set position,the accuracy rate was 88.89％.There were 8 cases in group B reach to the set position and 14 cases did not and the accuracy rate was 36.36％.After the statistical analysis there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).The total efficiency of A and B groups (excellent + effective) were 94.4％ and 86.4％ (P ＞ 0.05).Postoperative complications included bleeding,infection,obstruction of the shunt,excessive shunt,shunt insufficiency and so on.During follow-up,group A appeared excessive shunt in 1 case;group B incision infection in 1 case,4 cases of shunt obstruction,excessive shunt in 1 case,2 cases of deficiency of shunt.Two groups of patients were recovery well through the drainage tube pressure adjustment or set it once again.The incidence of complications in group A was 5.56％,group B was 36.36％.There was no significant difference between group A and group B (P ＞ 0.05).In group A,there was no obstruction of shunt tube,ventricular end of the shunt tube blockage occurred in 4 cases in group B,the incidence rate was 18.18％ (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Neuronavigation guided ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement to the accuracy of position setting has significant advantages over traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt in the ventricular end of the shunt tube and it has some advantages in reducing postoperative complications.

Objective To explore the correlation between wide QRS of transesophageal atrial pacing (TEAP) and implicit ventricular pre-excitation.Methods 77 patients tested by TEAP were divided into two groups according to the ECG results .45 patients in group Ⅰhad normal electrocardiogram .32 patients in group Ⅱhad ven-tricular pre-excitation.In group Ⅰ,TEAP results showed that electric pulse wave (S wave) was followed by intermit-tent or continuous wide QRS complex .At the same time , the results of group Ⅰ were compared with the results of groupⅡ.Results (1)The patients of group Ⅰwere excluded the presence of concealed accessory pathway by intra-cavitary electrocardiographic test,among them 20 patients (group ⅠA) were ventricular pacing,the test results dis-played that S wave was followed by wide QRS complex exhibiting a pattern of right bundle branch block ( RBBB) ,SR interval was 0 s;SR intervals of 25 patients (groupⅠB) were not fixed,SR interval was (0.07 ±0.01)s,S wave had no concern with QRS wave ,the wide QRS complex was premature ventricular contraction ,QRS wave shapes were dif-ferent according to the different sites of pacing origin .(2)In groupⅡ,the test results displayed that S wave was close-ly followed by the atrial depolarization wave P ,and there was a wide QRS complex with pre-excitation wave at the be-ginning after a atrioventricular conduction time shorter than normal ,SR interval was fixed ,SR interval was (0.08 ±0. 03)s,at the same time,different parts of accessory pathway QRS complex had different morphological characteristics . (3) SR interval of ⅠA group compared with groupⅠB and groupⅡ,the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.97,3.02,all P<0.05);SR interval had no statistically significant difference between group ⅠB and groupⅡ(t=2.66,P>0.05).Conclusion When TEAP displaying pacing wide QRS complex ,in order to avoid bringing misdiag-nosis,TEAP results should be analyzed comprehensively rather than blindly believing that the reason was concealed accessory pathway .

Aim To study the differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells ( HM-SCs) into retinal cells in vitro. Methods HMSCs were isolated from human bone marrow after Ficoll den-sity gradient centrifugation. The adherent cells after at least 5 passages were used for study. Immunopheno-type of the cells was analysed by flow cytometer, and cellular differentiation was identified by immunofluores-cence labeling technique. Results The target cells derived from human bone marrow adhered to the plate with fibroblastic-like morphology, whose surface mark-ers were similar to mesenchymal stem cells. Major cells
were positive for CD90 , CD44 , CD147 , while they were all negative for CD34, CD45, HLA-DR. In the differentiation study, HMSCs cultured in induced me-dium can differentiate into nestin ( neural stem cell ) -positive cell, GFAP ( glial fibrillary acidic protein ) -positive glial cells and retina-specific neurons express-ing Rhodopsin with CD90 ( mesenchymal stem cells )-negative. Conclusion HMSCs have the ability to dif-ferentiate into retinal neural cells in vitro.

Objective To investigate the imaging features of malignant invasion of major intrahepatic ductal structures (the portal and hepatic venous vasculature, the bilie duct) by primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using multi-detector-row spiral CT (MDCT). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 68 documented HCC patients with tumorous invasion of the major intrahepatic ductal structures who had undergone contrast-enhanced dual-phase MDCT scanning of the upper abdomen.The morphological changes of the portal and hepatic venous vasculature, the bile duct, and the liver parenchyma at both the hepatic arterial phase and portal venous phase images were carefully observed and recorded. Results Among the 68 patients, 47 patients had malignant invasion of the intrahepatic portal venous vessels with secondary tumor thrombus formation; 12 patients had tumor involvement of the hepatic veins and intraheptic segment of the inferior vena cava; Tumor invasion of the bile duct was seen in 9 patents. The direct CT signs of tumor invasion of intrahepatic venous vessels included: ①dilatation or enlargement of the involved vein with intraluminal soft-tissue “filling defect”; ②enhancement of the tumor thrombus at hepatic arterial phase, the so-called “venous arterialization” phenomenon. The indirect CT signs included: ①arterial-venous shunt, ②early and heterogeneous enhancement of the hepatic parenchyma adjacent to HCC focus, ③cavernous transformation of the portal vein. The CT signs suggesting tumor invasion of the bile duct included: ①dilation of the bile ducts near or proximal to HCC lesion, ②soft-tissue nodule or mass inside the bile ducts. Conclusion Invasion of major intrahepatic ductal structures by HCC will present corresponding CT imaging features. Contrast-enhanced MDCT dual-phase scanning combined with appropriate image post-processing techniques can better evaluate the malignant invasion of major intrahepatic ductal structures.