Objective: To establish a method for the determination of ketoconazole and miconazole nitrate in compound ketocon-azole gels. Methods:An HPLC method was developed. A Hypersil BDS C18 column(416 mm × 200 mm,5μm) was used, the mobile phases consisted of 0. 5% ammonium acetate solution-methanol(containing 0. 2% triethanolamine) (20∶80), the flow rate was 1. 0 ml ·min-1 , the detection wavelength was set at 230nm, the column temperature was 30℃ and the injection volume was 20μl. Results:There was a good linear correlation within the range of 5. 1-510. 0 mg·L-1 for ketoconazole (r=0. 999 9) and 50. 0-500. 0 mg·L-1 for miconazole nitrate (r=0. 999 9), the average recovery for ketoconazole and miconazole nitrate was 100. 3%(RSD=0. 38%, n=6) and 99. 9%(RSD=0. 79%, n=6), respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive, and can pro-vide a method for controlling the quality of compound ketoconazole gels.

[Objective]To study the effects of AO double plates in internal fixation of humeral intercondylar fractures and to analyze the causes of the disfunction in elbow.[Method]From March 2001 to March 2006,21 cases (male 14, female 7) of humeral intercondylar fractures were reviewed, with an average age of 35.3 years (ranged,15～64 years).Left elbow:9 cases;right elbow:12 cases.According to AO/ASIF classification,type C1∶6,type C2∶10, and type C3∶5,2 cases of all were open fractures. Posterior operating approach of elbow: trans-olecranon osteotomy or trans-triceps-side approach and internal fixation by standard method of AO double plates were performed in all cases.The patients began the active training of elbow joint as soon as possible postoperatively.[Result]Twenty-one cases were followed up for 8～38 months and the average time was 14.8 months.Bone union was obtained in all cases.One case complicated wound infection,it recovered after 3 weeks of dressing.And 1 case complicated with radial nerve injury,which recovered with neural nutrients.According to the Cassebaum scoring system,the effects were evaluated as excellent 7,good 10,and fair 4,and the excellent-good rate was 80.9%.[Conclusion]The application of AO double plates was proved to be a good method to treat humeral intercondylar fractures at present. But the severity of the bone comminution and soft-tissue lesion, the effective fixation,earlier active exercise were the main causes that influence the functional recovery of elbow joint.

At present,peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) and totally implantable access port (TIAP) are most commonly used for the medium-term and long-term ccntral vcnous infusion in China,which is mainly adopted for long-term repeated chemotherapy,nutritional support and other clinical treatments.As an advanced infusion route,this technique needs to be further popularized in clinical practice to benifit the majority of patients.However,in aspect of the implantation,use,maintenance,and the diagnosis and treatment of complications of long-term central venous access,there are still a lot of problems,to which sufficient attention should be paid.Standard implantation and maintenance are of great importance for the safe implantation of central venous access and long-term safe use.This paper aims to make a comprehensive review concerning the problems of long-term indwelling of central venous access,the basic solutions,and the whole course management of central venous access.In order to promote the technique of central venous access to continually develop,the multidisciplinary collaborative team with tacit cooperation,standardized system and regulatory process should be emphasized.

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and analyze the influence factors of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(LPRD) in the Fuzhou region, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of prevention and control measures for LPRD. METHODS A questionnaire survey in residents in Fuzhou by a random cluster sampling was carried out. Individual information, reflux symptom index(RSI) of Belafsky and risk factors were included. Patients more than 13 scores of RSI were defined as LPRD. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS A total of 4100 residents were investigated, 4063 of them were available. The prevalence of LPRD was 5.00%. Often eating too much, often drinking strong tea, menolipsis, rhinitis, tonsillitis were closely related to LPRD. CONCLUSION The prevalence of LPRD in Fuzhou region were closely related to many factors.

Objective To study the responsible genes of psoriasis vulgaris on chromosome 1q21 in Chinese Han population.Methods Thirty-six families with psoriasis vulgaris,including 92 patients and 98 normal relatives,aged from 12 to 81 years with an average age at 44 years,were enrolled in this study.Blood samples were obtained from all the participants and subjected to DNA extraction.A genome scan was performed with eight microsatellites distributing over chromosome 1q21-1q23.1.Evidence for linkage disequilibrium was assessed with extended transmission disequilibrium test(ETDT)program and Genehunter software.Results Three short tandem repeat markers were found to be associated with psoriasis vulgaris.With Genehunter,evidence for linkage disequilibrium between D1S2345 and psoriasis was found with the NPL value being 1.735(P=0.0329).Moreover,ETDT revealed that the 97-bp allele of D1S2346 and 283-bp allele of D1S484 were preferentially delivered to affected descendants(P＜0.05).Conclusion Chromosome 1q21 contains genes associated with psoriasis vulgaris in Chinese Han population.

Objective To study the expression of BCL10 and associated chromosomal aberration in primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (PCMZL). Methods Tissue specimens were collected from 17 patients with PCMZL. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of BCL10. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to examine the presence of API2-MALT1 fusion gene and chromosomal aberration in BCL10, MALT1 as well as IgH genes in these cases. Results Of these patients,94.1% (16/17) expressed BCL10 protein. The cytoplasmic expression of BCL10 was observed in 64.7% (11/17) of the patients, and nuclear expression in 29.4% (5/17). As shown by FISH test, neither API2-MALT1 fusion gene nor chromosomal aberration in BCL10, MALT1 or IgH genes was present in these patients. Conclusions Compared with MALT lymphomas originating from tissues other than skin, PCMZL is uncommonly associated with chromosomal abnormalities; it is possible that there are unknown factors contributing to its tumorigenesis. Nuclear BCL10 is unrelated to the presence of chromosomal aberration in BCL10, MALT1 or IgH genes. Further follow-up is required to clarify the association between nucle ar BCL10 and poor prognosis of PCMZL.

Essential hypertension (EH), a complex polygenic disease, is considered to the result of the genetic interaction of multiple gene alterations in concert with environmental factors. Evidences showed that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and G protein beta3 subunit (GNB3) gene are both important susceptibility genes for EH, and that there exists putative biological connection between the two genes in developing hypertension. To investigate whether hypertension was affected by gene-gene interaction between the two genes in the northern Chinese Han population, a case-control association study including 502 hypertensive cases and 490healthy controls was conducted, selecting the ACE gene I/D polymorpinsm and the GNB3 gene C825T polymorphism. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed a significant nonrandom distribution only in male hypertensives, indicating that interaction between ACE gene and GNB3 gene may predispose males to the occurrence of hypertension. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression in single locus analysis, with adjustment for common risk factors for hypertension, demonstrated that the OR for DD/ID versus Ⅱ for hypertension among men was significant (OR 1.57; 95% CI, 1.09 ～2.27; P = 0.016) in dominant genetic model. In combination analysis stratified with respect to gender, slightly significant ORs were found after adjustment in males: OR for TT vs CC, 0.11; 95%CI, 0.01 ～0.99; P = 0.049 within ACE DD genotype; OR for DD/ID vs Ⅱ, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.01 ～2.29; P = 0.047 within GNB3 CC+CT genotype. The results suggest that ACE, or a nearby gene, is a male-specific susceptible gene for hypertension, and that there may exist epistatic gene-gene interaction between ACE D allele and GNB3 825C allele.

Objective To understand the key risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in Jingzhou City,so as to provide the evidence for improving the treatment of these risk factors. Methods Each village of six counties was investigated and 3 envi-ronments were surveyed each village for the distribution of Oncomelania snails and animal stools in the field. The results were ana-lyzed and the risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission were assessed. Results The density of living snails was 0.43 snails per 0.1 m2,the frequency of the frames with snails was 9.12%,and no schistosome infected snails were found. All of the animal stools collected from the field were from bovines. The schistosome positive rate of animal stools was 37.50%(3/8)among the environ-ments,and the schistosome infection rate of stools was 8.11%(3/37). The schistosome infection rate of animal stools was 0 near the residence living sites,and the positive rates were 12.50%and 8.33%in the ditches and slopes,respectively(χ2=0.07,P>0.05). Conclusions Bovine is still the main infectious source of schistosomiasis,i.e. the main risk factor of the disease transmis-sion. Therefore,the strategy of controlling bovine should be strengthened.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness,safety and economy about Wenxin granules in the treatment of cardio-vascular diseases based on Meta-analysis. METHODS:Using“Wenxin granules”“Wenxinkeli”“Wenxin”as the search terms, searching PubMed,ProQuest,Springer,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang data(Jan. 2000-Oct. 2015)through com-puter,relevant journals and conference papers by hand,randomized controlled trials about Wenxin granules in the treatment of car-diovascular diseases were screened and classified according to indications. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 soft-ware,while cost-effectiveness analysis and minimum cost analysis were used for economic evaluation. RESULTS:Totally,38 liter-atures were involved,including 20 literatures of arhythmia,9 of premature ventricualr contraction,4 of coronary disease angina pectoris,3 of unstable angina pectoris,2 of pediatric viral myocarditis. Meta-analysis showed that compared with control drug, Wenxin granules showed better clinical efficacy for arrhythmia with less ADR;showed better clinical efficacy and ECG efficacy for premature ventricualr contraction with less ADR;showed better clinical efficacy for angina pectoris of coronary disease,unstable angina pectoris and pediatric viral myocarditis,with statistical significance (P<0.05). The incremental cost-effectiveness analysis showed that the additional cost of Wenxin granules in the treatment of above indications was worth it all,compared to control drug. Single factor sensitivity analysis supported the stability of results. CONCLUSIONS:Wenxin granules have a better effectiveness, safety and economy in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases,but still need high-quality evidence to support.

Objective To investigate the association of SPRR2E gene and psoriasis vulgaris by sequencing the DNA of Chinese Han psoriatic families. Methods DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood cells of thirty-two Chinese psoriatic families. The sequence of the SPRR2E encoding region was measured by ABI377 DNA Sequencer. The linkage disequilibrium was assessed by extended transmission disequilibrium test (ETDT) and GENEHUNTER software. Results An A/G polymorphism at nucleotide 156 of the SPRR2E encoding region was identified. There were three genotypes, including AA, GG and AG. Although the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) did not change the encoding of amino acid, the single nucleotide polymorphism locus was associated with psoriasis vulgaris by the ETDT analyzing. The A-allele was found to be transmitted more frequently than that of the G-allele. GENEHUNTER analysis was concordant with the results of the ETDT. Conclusion A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in SPRR2E gene encoding region is associated with psoriasis vulgaris in Han Chinese population.