Objective:To discuss the clinical outcomes of portal vein stenting combined with transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE) in treating portal vein tumor thrombus in the patients with primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC).Methods: Eleven PHC patients with tumor thrombus in the main branch or trunk of the portal vein were treated with stenting and TACE simultaneously(or TACE were performed 1 week later).The successful rate of the procedure,the patency of the obstruction,the complications,the mortality and the survival periods were all recorded.Results: Portal vein puncture was successfully performed in all 11 cases and successful stenting was achieved in 10 cases.Hepatic encephalopathy combined with hepatic failure was noticed in 1 patient.The median patency period after stenting was 5.7(118) months.The survival rates of patients at 3,6 and 12 months after treatment were 5/ 11,4/ 11 and 2/ 11,respectively.Conclusion: Metallic stent implantation combined with TACE has satisfactory outcome in treating tumor thrombus in the main branch and trunk of the portal vein in PHC patients without distant metastases.

As a kind of non-invasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques, arterial spin labeling (ASL) takes full advantage of arterial blood as an endogenous tracer to track changes of blood lfow caused by lesions and to obtain the physiological and pathological information of relative tissues avoiding patients’ discomfort and potential danger. This review focused on working principle and categories of ASL, the comparisons with other methods, clinical application, and future prospects of ASL.

Biodegradable stents have achieved encouraging outcomes in the treatment of benign bile duct stenosis with good biocompatibility,unique biodegradation,and adept physical and mechanical performance.They have a higher biocompatibility than plastic and metal stents and do not require a second surgery for removal.This prevents adverse reactions like restenosis and the tendency to punch and bleed.These biodegradable stents provide a new method of treatment for biliary tract disease,and this review will focus on the animal experiments,clinical application,and future prospects of these stents.

The purpose of intra-arterial perfusion chemotherapy for locally advanced and recurrent breast cancer is to gain the chance of operative excision and to control the clinical symptoms.Intra-arterial perfusion chemotherapy has been widely employed in clinical practice and has already achieved satisfactory therapeutic results.Based on the medical documents concerning the interventional therapy of breast cancer,which have been published both at home and abroad,the authors attempt to make some suggestions in order to standardize the clinical application of this interventional technique.This paper will focus on the blood supply and imaging findings of the breast cancer,as well as on the preoperative preparation,indications and contraindications,medication,complications and therapeutic efficacy of intra-arterial perfusion chemotherapy.

Objective To investigate the information obtained by bile culture and susceptibility testing as while factors like styles of obstruction,abdominal surgical history,degree and time of jaundice related to bacterial infection of biliary tract for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ).Methods A total of 93 patients with MOJ received percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) during Jan.,2015 and Mar.,2016.Bile specimens were collected during the procedure for bacterial culture and susceptibility.Results A rate of 60.2％ (56/93) patients had a positive bile culture and 58 strains were identified,in which gram-positive bacteria accounted for 36.2 ％ (21/58) and gram-negative bacteria accounted for 63.8 ％ (37/58).The most common bacteria were Enterococcus Faecalis,Escherichia Coli,Klebsiella Pneumonia and Staphylococcus Epidermidis.Conclusions The bile cultures indicated that a different antibacterial therapy should be managed in the patients of biliary infection complicated by malignant biliary jaundice.Low obstruction and abdominal surgery history are independent factors related to infection,while time and degree of jaundice shows no relationship to infection.

Objective To introduce the imaging modalities used for the evaluation of postoperative complications of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and to present the imaging findings of these complications. Methods The literatures related to the imaging methods and imaging manifestations of OLT complications were reviewed. Results Ultrasound was the initial imaging technique used for the detection of complications in the early postoperative period. Spiral CT and MRI yielded more accurate and comprehensive evaluation of postoperative complications in later stage. So far, there had been no specific imaging findings to suggest rejection reaction. The spectrum of imaging manifestations of OLT complications, such as vascular complications, biliary complications, liver parenchymal complications, and so on, were summarized and illustrated.Conclusion Imaging examination (especially ultrasound, spiral CT and MRI ) plays an important role in the evaluation of postoperative complications of OLT.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and pulmonary embolism(PE) contributes to morbidity and mortality in cancer patients and is a frequent complication of anticancer therapy. Precautions and managements are needed to decrease the morbidity due to VTE and PE. There is no standard procedure for the treatment of the complications. Interventional radiology has been shown to play an important role in the treatment of various diseases. Recently, interventional radiology has developed in the treatment of VTE and PE. This review is to summarize the status of VTE and PE in patients with malignant tumors and their treatment by interventional radiology therapy.

Objective We aimed to investigate the evaluation of graduate nursing education by students and faculty in China.Methods Evaluation questionnaire was built based on literature review and interviews with participants and was finally indentified after expert consultation.120 graduate students and 36 faculty members from five nursing schools nationwide were investigated.Results The overall evaluation by faculty members and students was positive.Compared with graduate students,the evaluation by faculty tended to be more negative.Conclusions Nursing schools should put more effort on the quality of education program,facilitate the faculty education,provide abundant resources and build a firm foundation for the development of graduate nursing students.

Objective To reveal the present situation of geriatric nursing, summarize the important research topics, in order to determine the focus of the research and work of geriatric nursing in China. Methods To take geriatric nursing belonged to MeSH thesaurus as key words, related literatures from 2006 to 2016 in Web of Science core collection were searched, then clustering analysis were adopted to analyze highly cited papers. Results Totally 2148 pieces of literatures related to geriatric nursing, there were 80079 pieces of quotations. The contents involved inappropriate medication use and falls in geriatric nursing risk management, functional decline, delirium and chronic cognitive impairment of the elderly, distinguishing between the basic theory of geriatric diseases, tools and practice of geriatric nursing assessment. Conclusions The current research hotspots on geriatric nursing includes: the risk management of geriatric nursing, prevention and control of geriatric syndrome, systematic study on geriatric nursing assessment.

Objective With the popularization of low dose chest CT examination,a large number of patients with pulmonary nodules(10 mm ＜ D≤20 mm) or small nodules(4 mm ＜ D≤10 mm) emerged.How to accurately position pulmonary nodules especially small nodules in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) is the key.This study explores the positioning method for small pulmonary nodules in VATS.Methods From January 2012 to June 2014,we used a method named clock dial integrated positioning in 316 patients with pulmonary nodules who underwent limited resection or lobectomy in VATS,obtained satisfactory results.Results The accuracy of clock dial integrated positioning method in judgments was 99％ (313/316).296 cases underwent thoracoscopic sublobectomy,including thoracoscopic pulmonary segmental resection in 141 cases and thoracoscopic wedge resection in 155 cases.20 cases underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy.Among them 17 cases had multinodules which were in the different pulmonary segments of the same lobe.Underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy.The positions of 3 cases were error during early cases,underwent VATS lobectomy.The postoperative pathology:194 cases were lung cancer.37 cases were metastatic tumor.85 cases were benign lesions.Conclusion Combined with the clinical treatment experience,we believe that the clock dial integrated positioning method is effective for positioning in VATS.Clinical VATS experiences accumulations are also needed.