Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of four common pleural fluid tumor markers.Methods A total of 126 patients (52 with definite malignant effusions, and 74 with benign effusions) were enrolled. Tumor markers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125(CA125), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) and cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1)] in pleural fluid were determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The sensitivities, specificities, accuracies and youden index(YI) of single and combination of those markers were calculated. Results Malignant pleural effusions had higher levels of pleural fluid markers than effusions due to benign conditions. CA125 had the highest sensitivity (90.4 %), and CYFRA21-1 had the highest specificity (79.7 %), CEA and CYFRA21-1 had the highest accuracy (71.4 %), CEA had the highest YI (0.41). The combination of several serum tumor markers had higher sensitivities than the single marker for diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion. When the three tumor markers were combined with CEA, the combination of CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA15-3 yielded the best results,with a sensitivity of 92.3 %, a specificity of 78.4 %, and an accuracy of 84.1%, YI of 0.71, while the combination of four tumor markers had a sensitivity of 94.2 %, a specificity of 75.7 %, and an accuracy of 83.3 %, YI of 0.70, and there was no statistical significance between the two combinations (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Single tumor marker had limited diagnostic value for malignant pleural effusions, while CEA,CYFRA21-1 and CA15-3 yielded the best and the most economic method, that guiding the selection of patients who might benefit from further invasive procedures.

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between distribution of pharmacies and that of population in Wuhan. METHODS: Pearson correlation test and Spearman's rank correlation test were applied for the statistical analysis of the correlation between distribution of pharmacies and that of population. RESULTS: The distribution of retail pharmacies was in a significant positive correlation with that of population; However, in some areas of Wuhan, the distribution of retail pharmacies was characterized by relative insufficient or oversaturation. CONCLUSIONS: Many factors led to the lack of rationality in the distribution of retail pharmacies in some area in Wuhan. Drug control department should standardize examination and approval standards and the retail pharmacies should have a reasonable overall planning.

OBJICTIVE:To study of influence of contract and its implementation factors on quality safety of Chinese herbal medicines.METHODS:The data about the plantation of Fructus Lycic was investigated through a questionnaire survey.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The contract can help guarantee the quality safety of Chinese herbal medicines in its production.

Objective To describe classroom teaching quality and to develop strategy for improving teaching quality of undergraduate pediatric nursing.Methods A total of forty-six junior students drawn from a nursing college were selected as subjects for cross-sectional study.The Teacher's Lecture Practice Evaluation Form developed by Sichuan University was used to measure teaching quality.A semi-structural interview was applied to obtain information from ten nursing students.Results The overall assessment of nursing teacher's classroom lecture was (89.60±5.63) points.Items of enrichment of contents,emphasized points,proficient in contents,explanation of terms and application of professional English got high score,items of heuristic question,lecture appeal,enlighten students obtained low scores.The interview results identified problems in teaching content,teaching method,and teaching behavior.Students provided suggestions for classroom teaching.Conclusions The classroom lecture performance of pediatric nursing is satisfactory,but teaching content,teaching method,and effective teaching behavior need to be upgraded.

According to 5 different subtypes of γ-amino butyric acid transporter(GAT)in brain regions and subcellular distribution.GAT1 and GAT3 are closely related with occurrence and development of epilepsy.The abnormal expression of GAT or their function damaged contribute to hyperexcitable neurons In seizures.GABAergic inhibit circuit reduces and the down-regulation of GAT expression,primary up-regulation of GAT expression is a reactive changes or cause of epilepsy.

Objective To observe the effect of continuous amniotic membrane transplantation severe alkali ocular burn in early stage.Methods Severe alkali ocular burn in early stage was treated with continuous amniotic membrane transplantation untill epithelium was recovered.Results In 16 cases(19 eyes),7 eyes were 0.1~0.5 in visual acuity,9 eyes were 0.02~0.1 and 2 eyes were more than finger-nummber.Only 2 eyes were in widespread new vessels,and the rest were light and local.One eye was in light and local symblepharon.Conclusion It can make the effect of amniotic membrane casting lorg time when continuous amniotic membrane transplantation was undertaken for severe alkali ocular burn in early stage,and expand the effect of surgical operation,thus reduce the symblepharon or new vessels.

Objective:To discuss the clinical outcomes of portal vein stenting combined with transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE) in treating portal vein tumor thrombus in the patients with primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC).Methods: Eleven PHC patients with tumor thrombus in the main branch or trunk of the portal vein were treated with stenting and TACE simultaneously(or TACE were performed 1 week later).The successful rate of the procedure,the patency of the obstruction,the complications,the mortality and the survival periods were all recorded.Results: Portal vein puncture was successfully performed in all 11 cases and successful stenting was achieved in 10 cases.Hepatic encephalopathy combined with hepatic failure was noticed in 1 patient.The median patency period after stenting was 5.7(118) months.The survival rates of patients at 3,6 and 12 months after treatment were 5/ 11,4/ 11 and 2/ 11,respectively.Conclusion: Metallic stent implantation combined with TACE has satisfactory outcome in treating tumor thrombus in the main branch and trunk of the portal vein in PHC patients without distant metastases.

EML4-ALKfusiongeneisoneofthenoveltargetsinthetherapyoflungcancer,whichcan be detected in several kinds of tumors.A specific ALK inhibitor has been shown to exert anti-tumor effects in non-small cell lung cancer with the EML4-ALK fusion gene.Correlative study between EML4-ALK gene fusion and EGFR-Kras mutations might cast new insight on the tumor target therapy.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and pulmonary embolism(PE) contributes to morbidity and mortality in cancer patients and is a frequent complication of anticancer therapy. Precautions and managements are needed to decrease the morbidity due to VTE and PE. There is no standard procedure for the treatment of the complications. Interventional radiology has been shown to play an important role in the treatment of various diseases. Recently, interventional radiology has developed in the treatment of VTE and PE. This review is to summarize the status of VTE and PE in patients with malignant tumors and their treatment by interventional radiology therapy.

Objective To investigate the information obtained by bile culture and susceptibility testing as while factors like styles of obstruction,abdominal surgical history,degree and time of jaundice related to bacterial infection of biliary tract for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ).Methods A total of 93 patients with MOJ received percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) during Jan.,2015 and Mar.,2016.Bile specimens were collected during the procedure for bacterial culture and susceptibility.Results A rate of 60.2％ (56/93) patients had a positive bile culture and 58 strains were identified,in which gram-positive bacteria accounted for 36.2 ％ (21/58) and gram-negative bacteria accounted for 63.8 ％ (37/58).The most common bacteria were Enterococcus Faecalis,Escherichia Coli,Klebsiella Pneumonia and Staphylococcus Epidermidis.Conclusions The bile cultures indicated that a different antibacterial therapy should be managed in the patients of biliary infection complicated by malignant biliary jaundice.Low obstruction and abdominal surgery history are independent factors related to infection,while time and degree of jaundice shows no relationship to infection.