The hematopoietic repopulating ability of fresh and cultured CD34+ cells and CD34- cells derived from cord blood were compared by nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mouse model. Fresh CD34+ cells and CD34- cells were isolated from fresh cord blood. Cultured CD34+ cells and CD34- cells were separated from cultured mononuclear cells (MNC). We transplanted these cells into sublethally irradiated NOD/SCID mice via the tail vein and sacrificed surviving mice after 6 weeks. The peripheral blood, spleen and bone marrow from each mouse were harvested for flow cytometry, colony-forming cells and human Alu sequences analyses. The proportions of CD45+ cells and human multilineage hematopoietic cells in NOD/SCID mice received CD34+ cells were close to that in the mice received both CD34+ cells and CD34- cells, while it was significantly higher than that in the mice received CD34- cells. Six weeks after transplantation, all the mice injected with cultured CD34- cells dead. The survival rate of mice injected with cultured CD34+ cells was 66.7%. All of the mice injected with both cultured CD34- and CD34+ cells survived. Moreover, CD45+ cells could be detected in all surviving mice, and human CD34, CD3, CD19, CD33 and CD71 antigen also could be detected on these CD45+ cells. The results showed that both fresh and cultured CD34+ cells had the capability of engraftment and hematopoiesis reconstitution, but CD34- cells hadn't the ability. However, CD34- cells had assistant effect on the hematopoietic repopulating ability of CD34+ cells.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Hematopoiesis ; physiology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; Transplantation, Heterologous

Objective:To investigate the effects of CT images reconstructed using different field of view (FOV) sizes on the automatic segmentation of organs at risk and dose calculation accuracy in radiotherapy after radical mastectomy.Methods:Under the same scanning conditions, CT values-electron density conversion curves were established by reconstructing the original CT images of a phantom placed at the isocenter and extended FOV (eFOV) positions using FOV sizes of 50, 60, 70 and 80 cm. Then, these curves were compared. A standard phantom with a known volume was scanned, and the automatic segmentation result of the phantom on CT images reconstructed using different FOV sizes was compared. A total of 30 patients in Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital from January 2020 to June 2022 with breast cancer were randomly selected. Through simulated positioning, their CT images were reconstructed using different FOV sizes for the purpose of automatic segmentation of organs at risk, followed by comparison between the outcomes of automatic segmentation and physicians′segmentation. The treatment plan established based on CT images reconstructed using a FOV size of 50 cm (FOV 50 images for short) was applied to CT images reconstructed using FOV sizes of 60, 70 and 80 cm (FOV 60, FOV 70 and FOV 80 images for short) for dose calculation, and the dose calculation result were compared. Results:The CT values - electron density conversion curves derived from CT images reconstructed using different FOV sizes were roughly consistent. At the isocenter, the difference between the segmented volume and actual volume of the standard phantom increased up to a maximum of 6 cm 3 (4.8%) with an increase in the FOV size. As indicated by the automatic segmentation result, the segmentation accuracy of the spinal cord, trachea, esophagus, thyroid, healthy mammary gland, and skin decreased with an increase in the FOV size ( t = -28.43-8.23, P < 0.05). The comparison of dose calculated based on CT images reconstructed using different FOV sizes showed that there was no statistically significant differences( P>0.05) in the dose to target volume ( V95) and the maximum and average doses in the supraclavicular lymph node region, as well as the dose to organs at risk. The coverage for planned target volume decreased with an increase in the FOV size, with a maximum difference of 4.06%. Conclusions:It is recommended that, for radiotherapy after radical mastectomy, FOV 50 images should be selected for the automatic segmentation of organs at risk, CT-values-electron density conversion curves should be established based on the electron density phantom images of the eFOV region, and the eFOV 80 images should be preferred for dose calculation.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of correcting breast ptosis using the rotational filling of an inferolaterally pedicled tongue-shaped parenchymal flap via a double periareolar incision.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 34 female patients (68 breasts) with breast ptosis treated at the Department of Plastic Surgery at the Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to June 2023. The patients＇ ages ranged from 23 to 53 years, with an average of (37.4±7.9) years. All patients underwent correction of breast ptosis using an inferolaterally pedicled tongue-shaped parenchymal flap via a double periareolar incision. Pre-operative and post-operative measurements were taken to assess the corrective outcomes, including mammary base width (MBW), areola diameter (AD), nipple-to-nipple distance (NN), suprasternal notch-to-nipple distance (SSN-N), nipple-to-inframammary fold distance (N-IMF), and thoracic circumference at the nipple level (TN). Patients＇ satisfaction was assessed using the BREAST-questionnaire (BREAST-Q) module.Results:Postoperative first-stage wound healing was achieved in all 34 patients without complications such as hematoma, infection, or nipple necrosis. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 60 months, with a median of 12 months. Early postoperative observations showed periareolar folds, which disappeared within 3 to 6 months in 31 cases, while mild periareolar folds, persisted for up to 12 months in 3 cases. Four patients reported reduced nipple sensation postoperatively. Measurements showed a statistically significant increase in TN and a reduction in NN, SSN-N, AD, N-IMF, and MBW compared to preoperative values (all P<0.001). BREAST-Q scores indicated significant improvements in satisfaction with breasts, psychosocial well-being and physical well-being, with preoperative scores of (21.6±8.9), (42.4±11.9) and (49.7±12.9) scores increasing to (82.3±8.5), (81.9±8.1) and (81.2±8.3) scores, respectively (all P<0.001). Conclusions:The double periareolar incision technique with rotational filling of an inferolaterally pedicled tongue-shaped glandular flap is a safe and effective method for correcting breast ptosis.

Stage T1 lung cancer refers to the tumor with maximum diameter≤3 cm, surrounded by the pleural membrane of the lung or viscera, and does not exceed the lobar bronchus under the bronchoscope. The prognosis is generally good, but some of them are more invasive, and more aggressive treatments are needed to achieve the best prognosis. This article reviews which T1 lung cancers are susceptible to metastasis and their risk factors. It is hoped that such patients will receive the attention of relevant scholars, and when they are encountered clinically, a more aggressive approach will be taken to extend their life expectancy．