Objective To investigate the relationship between heart rate variability(HRV) and the carotid intima media thickness in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods One hundred thirty-two type 2 diabetic patients were categorized into groups by carotid intima-media thickness(IMT):group T1(36 cases,IMT

Amyloid beta-peptides ( Aβ) is the key pathological feature of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Various factors contrib-ute to the accumulations of Aβ in the brains of patients. Among them, blood-brain barrier ( BBB) plays a crucial role in trans-porting Aβ between the brain and the bloodstream while this transfer function is mediated by the receptor of Aβon BBB. The abnormality of Aβ transport and related receptor expression can be detected in the brains of patients with AD, resulting in an un-usual increase in Aβlevels unusually increased . This review e-laborates the structure and function of BBB, the transport of Aβand the expression and transport mechanism of the related recep-tor, as well as summarizes the possible clearance strategy of Aβacross the BBB.

Objective To establish a method for quantitative detection of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA(HBV cccDNA ) in infected cells. Methods The transfected cell line HepG2.2.15 which can consistently produce Dane particles was maintained in DMEM containing 380 ?g/ml G418 and 10% fetal bovine serum. Cells in the exponential period were harvested from flasks, then intracellular HBV cccDNA was extracted from pellet containing 1?10~6 cells with mini plasmid extraction kit (QIAGEN).The extraction product was further purified by mung bean nuclease to remove HBV relaxed circular DNA possibly remained. HBV cccDNA was quantitatively detected by fluorescent PCR with selective primer set and Taqman MGB probe. Culture medium before exponential period, HBV DNA positive and negative serum samples from patients with chronic hepatitis B (mild) were amplified simultaneously to test the specificity of the fluorescent PCR method. Plasmids containing whole HBV genome were amplified with the same primer set and fluorescent probe to determine the sensitivity of the method. Results HBV cccDNA was detectable in HepG2.2.15, and the average quantity was 18 copies per cell approximately. No detectable fluorescent signal was observed when culture and serum samples were amplified. The detectable HBV cccDNA was as low as 10~3 copies per ml at least by this method. Conclusions This method is convenient, highly specific and highly sensitive. It can be utilized in the quantitative detection of intracellular HBV cccDNA as well as in the screening and evaluation of antiviral agents.

Acute coronary syndrome(ACS) belongs to “thoracic obstruction” and “heartache” in traditional Chinese medicine.Although many ancient physicians has discussed this disease,while due to the impact of “Yang Wei Yin Xian” in Zhang Zhong-jing's theory,the disease caused little attention by far.In the clinical practice,the author found that most ACS patients belong to heat syndrome.Based on TCM constitution theory,the author put forward the ACS was mainly caused by heat accumulation and blood stasis due to the changes of living environment,lifestyle,and diet,etc.According to traditional Chinese medicine theory,emotional disorder,spicy and hot food can burn body fluid,leading to blood stasis.Long term of blood stasis turns to heat,which further consumes heart blood and aggravates blood stasis.Therefore heat accumulation and blood stasis should be paid attention in the treatment of ACS.

OBJECTIVETo study whether the dose of controlling antihypertensive drug is reduced by transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) and the anesthetics, as well as the control of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in endoscopic endonasal surgery with general anesthesia.

METHODSSixty patients for selective endoscopic endonasal surgery with general anesthetics and controlling antihypertension involved were selected and randomized into a TEAS group, a sham-TEAS group, 30 cases in each one. The electric pads were attached to bilateral Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Quchi (LI 11), stimulated with Hans-200 apparatus, 3 to 5 mA, 2 Hz/100 Hz in the TEAS group based on the patients' response to comfort. No electric stimulation was applied to the sham-TEAS group. The general anesthesia started after 30 min intervention and lasted till the end of surgery. The BP and HR were observed and recorded at the end of monitoring in operation room, 10 min after tranquilization (T0), 30 min after intervention (Tj, after induction~of general anestiesa (T2), 30 min after surgery start (T3), 60 min after surgery start (T4) and 30 min after extubation (T5). The doses of vecuronium bromide, propofol and nitroglycerin were recorded statistically in surgery, as well as the operative bleeding volume, the operative time, the resuscitation time and the visual analogue scale (VAS) score after resuscitation.

RESULTSCompared with that at T0, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) at T2, T3, T4 and T5 in the TEAS group and at T3 and T4 in the sham-TEAS group was all reduced, indicating the significant difference (all P < 0.01). MAP at T2 and T5 in the TEAS group was lower than that in the sham-TEAS group (both P < 0.01). Compared, with that at T5, except at T2 in the TEAS group (P<0. 05), HR was not different significantly at the rest time points (all P > 0.05). HR was different at T2 to Ts in the sham-TEAS group statistically (all P < 0.01). The doses of vecuronium bromide, propofol and nitroglycerin, the operative bleeding volume, the operative time, the resuscitation time and VAS after resuscitation were not different significantly between the two groups (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe general anesthesia with TEAS and anesthetics involved for controlling antihypertension contributes to the control of BP and HR in the patients in endoscopic endonasal surgery. The impacts are not obvious on the doses of antihypertensive drug, the general anesthetics, the operative bleeding volume, the time of resuscitation and the postoperative analgesia.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Anesthetics, General ; administration & dosage ; Blood Pressure ; Electric Stimulation ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose Diseases ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the relationship between early lactate clearance and APACHEⅡ in critically ill patients. Methods In 121 critically ill patients,APACHE Ⅱ and lactate clearance rate were recorded. According to APACHE Ⅱ score,all patients were divided into≤10 score group, (11 ～20) score group,(21 ～30) score group and ＞ 30 score group, then compared the level of the early lactate clearance rate. The early lactate clearance rate were also compared between survival group and death group. Then the relationship between early lactate clearance and APACHE Ⅱ were analyzed. Results In( 11 ～20) score group,the early lactate clearance rate was lower than those in ≤ 10 score group, but the difference was not significant ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The early lactate clearance rate in (21 ～ 30) score group ( 18. 35 ± 10. 01 ) % was lower than those in ( 11 ～ 20) score group (27.35 ± 10. 22) % ( t = 3.481, P ＜ 0. 01 ),in ＞ 30 score group( 11.98 ± 9. 93 )% those was lower compared with (21 ～30) score group( t = 2. 968, P ＜ 0. 01 ). In death group, APACHE Ⅱ score(28. 1 ± 6. 7 ) was higher than that in survival group ( 18. 8 ± 8. 4) ( t = 3. 030, P ＜0. 01 ), the early lactate clearance rate was lower ( t = 3. 619, P ＜ 0. 01 ). APACHE Ⅱ score correlated well with the mean level of the early lactate clearance rate ( r = - 0. 641, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion The lactate clearance rate was the good fator on evaluation of condition and prognosis in the critically ill patients.

Objective:To study the reversal effect of tamoxifen(TAM)on the expression of mdr1 in human pancreatic cancer cell lines.Methods:The inhibtion effect of TAM on pancreatic cancer cell line SW1999、Capan-Ⅱ and mammary cancer cell line T47D were studied;The influence of TAM on mdr1 protein/mRNA expression in SW1999、Capan-Ⅱ and T47D were studied using the method of flow cytometer and RT-PCR.Results:The high dose TAM could inhibit Capan-Ⅱ cell line.TAM could reverse the expression of mdr1 protein and mRNA in Capan-Ⅱ cell line and T47D cell line. Conclusion:The high dose TAM could inhibit Capan-Ⅱ cell line,maybe related with reduction of the expression of mdr1 protein and mRNA.

AIM and METHODS: To investigate expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) , and inhibiting role of polydatin by cellular immune fluorescent staining and laser confocal microscope scanning technology. RESULTS: Compared with basic expression of ICAM-1 on HUVEC, the ICAM-1 expression was enhanced significantly after stimulated by LPS from 8 h to 36 h, dose-dependent relation appeared between expression of ICAM-1 and LPS. ICAM-1 expression on endothelial cells treated only by polydatin had no abvious change,but inducing role of LPS to expression of ICAM-1 was inhibited significantly by polydatin pretreating endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: The expression of ICAM-1 on endothelial cells can be promoted by LPS , and polydatin can inhibit LPS-induced ICAM-1 expression

Objective To reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) image of heart and coronary artery on internet and explore the reliability. Methods After the contrast medium was injected into coronary artery of 2 heart specimens, hearts were scanned by UFCT with enhancement volume. One patient's UFCT images of coronary artery angiography were also chosen.Then the primitive images were transposed format, removed noise, specified interesting areas. 3D software on server was applied to reconstruct heart and coronary artery. Results The reconstructed 3D images of the heart and coronary artery were realistically displayed, freely rotated and transected.Main parts and branches of coronary artery were similar to those in the images of the UFCT. Conclusion Heart and coronary artery can be reconstructed on internet,which offers a new approach for reconstructing organs and tissues of human being.;

AIM: To study the change of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) expression in intestine tissues of mice induced by LPS and regulatory effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) on ICAM-1 expression. METHODS: Protein and mRNA of ICAM-1 were measured using Western blotting and RT-PCR respectively in intestine tissue of BALB/c mice treated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) or LPS plus SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the expression of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA was increased significantly by LPS stimulation in dose- and time-dependent manner. ICAM-1 expression reached peak value at 12-36 h after LPS stimulation. 20.0 mg/kg of LPS could induce the maximum of ICAM-1 expression. Pretreatment of mice with SB203580 for 30 min could inhibit significantly LPS-induced expression of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression in mouse intestine tissues. CONCLUSIONS: These data highlight that LPS could up-regulate ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression in intestine tissue of mice in dose- and time-dependent manner, and p38 MAPK signal pathway plays an important role in ICAM-1 expression induced by LPS. It suggests that inhibition of p38 MAPK might be a useful principle for the prevention and treatment of intestine damage of endotoxic shock.