Objective:To study the silencing gene expression level of RhoGDI2 small interfering RNA(siRNA)and the colorectal cancer cell malignant behaviors such as cell proliferation,migration,invasion.Methods:Testing RhoGDI2 expression using Westen blot analysis and Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)in the colorectal cancer cell lines of RKO,HT29,SW620,SW480,HCT116.The siRNA of RhoGDI2 with Lipofecta mineTM2000 was transfected into target cells,as well as negative control and normal control groups.Cell counting kits(CCK-8)to detect proliferation,Wound healing assay and the Transwell plate migration and invasion was detected.The epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)relevant protein E-cadherin/Vimentin expression was detected.Results:Human colon cancer cell lines RhoGDI2 expression levels decreased in the order of RKO,HT29,SW620,SW480,HCT116:siRNA inhibited RhoGDI2 expression rate of RKO cell by 70%;in silence group,negative control group and blank contro1 group,the proliferation rates were(0.683±0.013),(0.866±0.088),(0.905±0.008),P<0.05;Wound healing assay and Transwell assay suggested RhoGDI2 silencing could inhibit migration;siRNA interference of colon cancer cells downregulated Vimentin,but upregulated E-Cadherin protein.Conclusion:RhoGDI2 down-regulation could significantly inhibit the cell proliferation,migration,invasion of colon cancer cell.

Objective:To explore the expression and clinical significance of RhoGDI2 in colorectal cancer. Methods:Immuno-histochemistry was used to identify RhoGDI2 expression in clinical samples of colorectal cancer tissues,para-tumorous tissues and lymph node metastasis tissues. The relationships between CRC clinical factors and survival were analyzed. Results: RhoGDI2 expression contributed positively with tumor progression and metastasis in clinical tissues. It was associated with the stage of the tumor,lymph node metastasis, remote metastasis, venous invasion and vessel invasion. Patients with higher RhoGDI2 expression had poorer overall survival. Conclusion:RhoGDI2 showed high expression in colorectal cancer and it was associated with the stage of the tumor,lymph node metastasis,remote metastasis, venous invasion and vessel invasion. Patients with higher RhoGDI2 expression had poorer overall survival.

Objective To investgate the value of various parameters obtained from monoexponential, biexponential, and stretched exponential diffusion?weighted imaging models in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions. Methods A retrospective study performed in 54 patients with pathologically confirmed malignant tumors(n=30), benign lesions(n=34) and normal fibroglandular tissues (n=30). All patients underwent T1WI, T2WI, dynamic enhancement and diffusion weighted MRI with multi?b values at a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging unit. All parameters were measured at a workstation. ADC was calculated by using monoexponential analysis(b=0, 800 s/mm2). Slow apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC?slow), fast apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC?fast), and perfusion fraction (f) were calculated using the biexponential model. Distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC) and water molecular diffusion heterogeneity index (α) were obtained from diffusion?weighted images using the stretched exponential model. All parameters were statistically compared among normal fibroglandular tissues, benign lesions and malignant tumors using Kruskal?Wallis rank sum test. Mann?Whitney U test were used for further comparisons between specific group pairs. ADC values were compared with ADC?slow and DDC for different groups by paired Wilcoxon test. Correlations between ADC?value, ADC?slow and DDC were assessed by using Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze and compare the ability of these parameters in differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions. Results The ADC, ADC?slow, f, DDC and α values were significantly different among the normal fibroglandular tissues, benign tumors and malignant tumors (P<0.05). Further differential comparisons of the four parameters between each pair showed that the ADC, ADC?slow, f, DDC and α values were significantly lower in malignant tumors than both in normal fibroglandular tissues and benign tumors(P<0.016 7). The ADC values of normal fibroglandular tissues, benign tumors and malignant tumors were significantly higher than ADC?slow and DDC (P<0.05). The f and DDC had higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.688 and 0.657 respectively). The optimal cutoff values for ADC, ADC?slow, f, DDC and α were 1.235 × 10-3mm2/s, 0.428 × 10-3mm2/s, 57.8%, 1.175 × 10-3mm2/s and 0.721, respectively. Theαvalue showed higher specificity (65.5%) and the f value had higher sensitivity (82.9%). Conclusion The parameters derived from biexponential and stretched exponential DWI could be helpful for differentiation between benign and malignant breast tumors.

Objective To identify the pathogen of an acute epidemic gastroenteritis outbreak in newborn room. Methods Forty five samples were collected from 38 newborn patients at the peak of a diarrhea outbreak, which happened in a newborn room in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region during December 2008 to February 2009. The presence of rotavirus antigen, Adeno-like virus antigen and Astrovirus antigen were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The presence of Astrovirus RNA were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with universal primer of Astrovirus. Thirteen samples positive for Astrovirus nucleic acid were analyzed by sequencing and phylogenetic tree. Four samples positive for both Astrovirus antigen and Astrovirus nucleic acid were observed by immune electron microscopy. Results Both rotavirus antigen and Adeno-like virus antigen were negative in 45 faecal samples. Thirty samples were positive for Astrovirus antigen when checked by ELISA, which resulted in a positive rate of 66.7%. Thirty-one samples were positive for Astrovirus RNA when check by RT-PCR, which resulted in a positive rate of 68.9%. The genotype results confirmed all patients were infected with genotype 1 Astrovirus. The gene sequences of thirteen samples were compared with reference strains of Astrovirus type 1 in GeneBank and the homology rate of nucleotide sequence was 90.9 %- 96.3 %. The homology rate of intra these thirteen sample was 94.7%-100.0%. Four positive samples were randomly selected and observed by immune electron microscopy and a large amount of Astrovirus particles were found in two of these samples. Conclusion Genotype 1 Astrovirus is the pathogen of this diarrhea outbreak in newborn.

The traditional conotation of combination of disease and syndrome means the combination of disease differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diseases and TCM syndrome differentiation,which was derived from the Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic.And the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases describes the clinical application of this theory.Under the background of integrative medicine,the modern conotation of combination of disease and syndrome means TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment based on modern medicine disease differentiation,which is commonly used in the current clinical practice.The disease and syndrome combination diagnosis mode based on syndrome,etiology,pathology and pharmacology can understand the disease from a multiple and comprehensive level,in order to realize the combination and complementation of advantages from both medicines.In addition,formula-syndrome relation means the relationship between the formula and its relevant indications.In general,indications often involve syndromes,symptoms,diseases and body constitutions.And the application of formula in the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases is the representative of this theory.Hence,the application of associated classical formula gives example to the clinical formula-syndrome relation application in modem times.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of vaccine and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of influenza virus, this study aims to analyze the characteristics of genomic variation of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses in Inner Mongolia. Methods: The 16 viral strains were selected randomly according to the influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses isolated from network laboratories in Inner Mongolia, 2013-2017. The hemagglutinin(HA) and neuraminidase(NA) genomic sequences were obtained by using RT-PCR and sequencing, and genomic characteristics were analyzed via bioinformatics. Results: Compared to the A/California/07/2009 vaccine strain, the relatively obvious variation of antigen of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses in Inner Mongolia since 2014, and the vaccine provided a poor protection to influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus infection, while the A/Michigan/45/2015 vaccine strain recommended by WHO recently has a satisfactory protective effects. Several viral isolates from Inner Mongolia increased the binding force of virus in human upper respiratory tract because of D222N and D222G substitution within HA. E119K and H275Y substitution within NA gene of viral strains, suggesting that the viruses were resistant to NA inhibitors. Conclusions The influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses had gradual variations as time went on, and the WHO recommended vaccine was relatively lagging. Virulent strains and drug-resistant strains appeared in the population, and the genetic characteristics of influenza virus surveillance should be strengthened to find the new mutants of virus in time, which provide evidence for the prevention and control of influenza.

Objective To explore the hippocampal(HC)microstructural changes in patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)by neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging(NODDI).Methods The NODDI indexes of the whole HC and HC subregions of temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis(TLE-HS)patients,non-HS patients and healthy controls(control group)were calculated.The differences of NODDI indexes among and within the three groups were compared,and the correlation between the difference indexes and the clinical characteristics of the patients was analyzed.Results A total of 47 patients with TLE(27 cases of TLE-HS,20 cases of non-HS)and 22 cases of healthy controls were enrolled.In the TLE-HS group,the free-water isotropic vol-ume fraction(fiso)values of the HC and granular cell layer of dentate gyrus(GC-DG)subregions of the affected side were signifi-cantly higher than those of the contralateral side;the orientation dispersion index(ODI)values of the CA1 and CA4 subregions were significantly lower than those of the contralateral side;and the neurite density index(NDI)values of the HC,CA1,CA2-3,CA4 and GC-DG subregions of the affected side decreased significantly.There was no significant difference between the affected side and the contralateral side in the non-HS group.The fiso values of the HC and GC-DG subregions of the affected side in the TLE-HS group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the ODI values of the HC CA1 subregions of the affected side in the TLE-HS group were significantly lower than those in the control group and the non-HS group,the NDI values of the HC and subiculum(Sub),CA1,CA4 and GC-DG subregions of the affected side in the TLE-HS group were significantly lower than those in the con-trol group,and the NDI values of the HC and CA1,CA4 and GC-DG subregions of the affected side in the non-HS group were significantly lower than those in the control group.In the TLE-HS group,the NDI value of the HC CA4 subregion of the affected side was negatively correlated with the disease course,but there was no clear correlation between other subregion variables and disease course,onset frequency and duration of single onset.Conclusion NODDI technique has the ability to detect the microstructural changes of HC in patients with TLE,among which NDI is more likely to highlight neuronal damage and fiber reorganization in patients with TLE.

Objective To explore the value of automatic segmentation technique combined with neurite dispersion and density imaging(NODDI)for displaying volume and microstructure changes of hippocampal subregion in patients with hippocampal sclerosis medial temporal lobe epilepsy(mTLE-HS).Methods MRI data of 33 patients with left mTLE-HS(mTLE-HS group)and 35 healthy adults(control group)were retrospectively analyzed.The hippocampal subregions were automatically segmented using FreeSurfer software,the volume of cornu Ammonis(CA)1,CA2-3,CA4,granulose cell-dentate gyrus(GC-DG)and subiculum were measured,then the NODDI parameters of each subregion were obtained through post-processing.The intra-and inter-groups hippocampal subregion volumes and NODDI parameters were compared,and the correlations of parameters being significantly different with the onset age and disease courses were analyzed.Results The volume of hippocampal subregions in mTLE-HS group were all lower than those in control group(all P＜0.05).In mTLE-HS group,the neurite density index(NDI)of left CA1 and CA4 subregions were both lower,while the free-water isotropic volume fraction(fiso)of the left CA1 subregion was higher than those of the right side(all P＜0.05).The orientation dispersion index(ODI)of left CA1,CA2-3 and CA4 subregions,as well as NDI of left CA1,CA4 and GC-DG subregions in mTLE-HS group were all lower than those in control group(all P＜0.05),while fiso of left CA1,GC-DG and subiculum subregions in mTLE-HS group were all higher than those in control group(all P＜0.05).The volume of left hippocampal subregions in patients with mTLE-HS were all moderately positively correlated with the onset age(r=0.540-0.667,all P＜0.001)but weakly negatively correlated with disease courses(r=-0.492--0.386,all P＜0.05).NDI of left CA4 and GC-DG subregions in patients with mTLE-HS were both weakly negatively correlated with disease courses(r=-0.418,-0.388,both P＜0.05).Conclusion Automatic segmentation technique combined with NODDI could be used to display the volume and microstructure changes of mTLE-HS.NDI might be a biomarker of mTLE-HS being sensitive to progressive neuronal damage.

OBJECTIVE：To k now about t he current situation of pre-prescription review in medical institutions in China ，and provide reference for quality improvement of pre-prescription review in medical institutions. METHODS ：Retrieved from PubMed ， the Cochrane library ，EMbase（Ovid platform ），CNKI，CBM，VIP and Wanfang databases ，the studies about pre-prescription review in medical institutions in China were collected during the inception to Mar. 2020. After data extraction of the literatures met the inclusion and exclusion criteria ，descriptive analysis was used. RESULTS ：A total of 38 literatures were included ，involving 29 medical institutions ，of which 25 were third-grade class-A medical institutions （86.21％），22 comprehensive medical institutions （75.86％）；pre-prescription review was carried out from 2007 to 2019. Totally 84.62％ of medical institutions adopted the mode of “systematic review+manual review ”，and the main audited prescriptions were outpatient （emergency）prescriptions（76.00％）. Medical institutions adopting this mode mainly adopted the mode that auditing pharmacists rechecked the problem prescriptions intercepted by the system. The average manual review time of problem prescriptions in 8 medical institutions was within 60 s；the number of auditing pharmacists in 16 reported medical institutions ranged from 1 to 8，and educational degree of auditing pharmacists in 1 reported medical institution were bachelor degree or above. Their professional titles of 6 reported medical institutions were junior or above （83.33％）. Eleven medical institutions had full-time auditing posts （90.91％）. Success rate of problem prescription intervention was 93.99％ ；pre-prescription review could increase the qualification rate of prescription. CONCLUSION：The pre-prescription review in medical institutions in China has achieved certain results ，but still faces some problems，such as imperfect information system ，insufficient ability of auditing pharmacists and poor communication between doctors and pharmacists ，which will be the aspects that should be paid attention to in the future.

Objective:To explore the application value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) parameters in glioma classification and glioma microstructure evaluation.Methods:From June 2017 to November 2019, 38 patients with glioma confirmed by surgery and pathology in Haikou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical College of Central South University were retrospectively analyzed. According to the pathological results, they were divided into low-grade (WHO Ⅰ-Ⅱ, 15 cases) glioma group and high-grade (WHO Ⅲ-Ⅳ, 23 cases) glioma group. They received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plain scan and DWI scan respectively, and the ADC value and microstructure of different grades of glioma were compared. The correlation between ADC value of glioma and the percentage of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-positive cells, cell density and integrated optical density (IOD) value of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) expression was analyzed.Results:(1) MRI examination showed that the signals of low-grade glioma were more uniform, with no or slight peritumoral edema and space occupying effect, and the enhancement was more non enhanced or slightly enhanced. The signals of high-grade glioma were more heterogeneous due to necrosis and bleeding, and the peritumoral edema and space occupying effect were more obvious, showing uneven obvious enhancement or irregular ring enhancement; (2) The percentage of VEGF positive cells, cell density and the IOD value of AQP1 expression in high-grade glioma were significantly higher than that in low-grade glioma, and the ADC value was lower than that in low-grade glioma (all P<0.05); (3) The ADC value of glioma patients was negatively correlated with the percentage of VEGF-positive cells, cell density, and the IOD value of AQP1 expression ( r=-0.55, -0.65, -0.63, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The ADC value of glioma can indirectly reflect the expression of VEGF, cell density and AQP1 positive expression level, which is helpful for preoperative glioma classification and evaluation of glioma microstructure and biological characteristics.