The transplants of one-year-old Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. were subjected to five concentrations of MnSO4-H2O (0, 1.81, 18.1, 36.2 and 54.3 mg·L(-1)) culturing in vermiculite. qRT-PCR and HPLC were respectively used to measure the relative expression of SQS1 gene and the content of glycyrrhizic acid of G. uralensis in different concentrations of MnSO4·H2O. This is to explore discuss the effects of the expression of SQS1 gene and the accumulation of glycyrrhizic acid by Mn treatment. The results showed both the expression of SQS1 gene and the content of glycyrrhzic acid of G. uralensis tended to rise after the fall of the first with the increase of concentration of Mn treatment. And they were of very significant positive correlation (P<0.01, r=0.737). Relative expression of SQS1 gene reached the highest 7.90 under 18.1 mg·L(-1) MnSO4·H2O treatment. It was very significantly different between 18.1 mg·L(-1) concentration of MnSO4·H2O treatment and CK (0 mg·L(-1)), 1.81, 36.2 and 54.3 mg·L(-1) (P<0.01), and 1.75, 1.37, 1.37, 2.33 times respectively. The content of glycyrrhizic acid reached the highest under 1.81 and 18.1 mg·L(-1) MnSO4·H2O treatment, and there were not significant difference (P>0.05). It was very significantly different between them and other concentrations of MnSO4·H2O treatment (P<0.01). This study suggests the appropriate concentration of Mn treatment could certain promote the expression of SQS1 gene and the accumulation of glycyrrhizic acid of G. uralensis.

Object To study the influence of drought stress on imbibition germination of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seed and the drought resistance of its seedling. Methods To measure the imbibition rate, germination rate, seedling growth, relative tissue moisture content, relative electrical conductivity, SOD enzyme activity under drought stress simulated by PEG-6000. Results The imbibition rate, germination rate, SOD enzyme activity, and seedling growth present rising tendency then following by the decrease, while the relative tissue moisture content and the relative electrical conductivity tend to decrease. Conclusion The appropriate drought stress increases both the G. uralensis seed germination rate and the seedling drought resistance.

The contents of gallic acid, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid and paeonol extracted in different growth years, collecting season and of different parts of Paeonia lactiflora were determined. The results showed that the contents of catechin and paeoniflorin in Paeonia lactiflora collected in autumn are the highest, and the contents of benzoic acid was lower than that of those collected at other time. The longer is the age of Paeonia lactiflora, the higher is the contents of catechin and paeoniflorin. The contents of catechin and paeoniflorin in the root of Paeonia lactiflora were higher than those in other parts of the plant. There is a certain content of paeoniflorin in the leaves of Paeonia lactiflora. Judging from the result, paeoniflorin is synthesized in the leaf and then transported to the root. Catechin is not synthesized in the leaf, but mainly in the root. Paeonia lactiflora should be collected in autumn, and immature plant should not be collected.

Objective To develop a HPLC quantitatively test method of glycyrrhizin, liquiritin and isoliquritigenin simultaneously for licorice. Methods The 67% methanol extracts of licorice powder were analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC on an ODS column, using a gradient elution with a mixture of 1% H3PO4 and acetonitrile. The eluate was monitored by UV absorption at 248, 276, 360 and 370 nm. Results The linear equation of glycyrrhizin was Y =1?106X +16 220, r 2=1. The linear equation of liquiritin was Y= 2?106X+49 444, r 2=0.999 5. The linear equation of isoliquritigenin was Y =1?107X +4.466 7, r 2=1. The recovery rate of glycyrrhizin, liquiritin and isoliquritigenin was 98.01%, 102.63% and 98.18% respectively. Conclusion The method is accurate, stable amd reliable, and can be used to determine the three main chemical contents simultaneously.

Objective To discuss the diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment of obstructive jaundice in infants.Methods Infants with obstructive jaundice were examined by ECT to obtain dynamic images of the liver,biliary tract and intestine to find out the position and nature of the obstruction.Results Eight patients with delayed nuclide imagining were diagnosed as obstructive jaundice of cholestasis.Five of which with aggravated jaundice were cured by biliary irrigation and 3 by medication.For 16 patients with congenital biliary atresia,10 were exterior hepatic types and 6 interior hepatic types.They had the nuclide image of liver and biliary tract.Ten cases of the exterior hepatic types and four cases of the interior types received the Kasai operation.And bile was drained after the surgery.Seven patients survived and 4 of interior heaptic types died postoperatively.Due to bile fistula,3 patients died after the hepato-porto-jejunostomy for internal drainage.Two patients of interior hepatic types who had no operation died of the hepatic failure.Conclusion The nature and position of obstructive jaundice could be identified by nuclide imaging.Young patients with jaundice of cholestasis could be treated by antiinflamation,liver function protection,Hymecromone and Dexamethasone for two weeks.Once the serum bilirubin rises,operation would be indicated.In the case of congenital biliary atresia,operation should be done earlier on the basis of medication.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of seven flavonoids from the aerial part of Artemisia frigida.Methods Hypersil ODS-2 (300 mm× 4.6 mm,5 μm) column was used,with acetonitril-0.2％ phosphoric acid (gradient elution) as a mobile phase,and the detection wavelength was at 283 nm with flow rate at 1mL/min.Results All calibration curves showed good linear regression (r ＞ 0.9990) within the tested range.All average recovery was more than 98.00％ and RSD was less than 3.0％ (n =6).Conclusion The method is steady and with good repeatability,and could be used to determine the content of flavonoids in A.frigida from different areas.

Objective To evaluate the influence of the placement of instant hand disinfectant in compliance and qualified rate of hand hygiene of clinicians.Methods Hand hygiene compliance of clinicians in departments of gyne-cology,obstetrics,and general surgery were observed after the placement of instant hand disinfectant at the door-way of wards,hand specimens were taken to check hand hygiene effectiveness.Results Before and after placement of instant hand disinfectant at the doorway of wards of above departments,hand hygiene behaviors of 300 person-times were observed.Hand hygiene compliance rate among clinicians in department of gynecology,obstetrics,and general surgery increased from 32.33% to 74.33%,33.67% to 85.67%,and 26.33% to 64.00%,respectively(all P <0.001).Each department selected 98 hand hygiene specimens,the qualified rate was 98.98%,100.00% and 94.90% respectively.Conclusion The placement of instant hand disinfectant at the doorway of each ward can effec-tively improve clinicians’hand hygiene compliance and hand hygiene effectiveness.

Objective To develop an uncertainty study model of the enzymological reference method to systematically research the uncertainty influencing factors of 6 enzymological reference methods ALT,AST,LDH,AMY,GGT and CK for determining the key factors influencing the reference method and better guiding the establishment and operation of the enzymological reference methods.Methods The uncertainty of the six enzymological reference methods was evaluated by the theoretical evaluation com-bined with the experiment design according to series of standards including JJF1059-1999 Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,JJF1135-2005 Evaluation of Uncertainty in Chemical Analytical Measurement,CANA-GL06 Guidance on Evalua-ting the Uncertainty in Chemical Analysis and CNAS-CL33 Guidance on the Application of Testing and Calibration Laboratories Competence Accreditation Criteria in the Field of Clinical Enzymology Reference Measurement.Results The established enzymo-logical uncertainty study model was C=ΔAΔt · 1ε · 1L ·V 1 +V 2 +V SV ·fT ·f pH ·fλ·fkit ·fresult .Conclusion The uncertainty e-S valuation model is set up and successfully applied in the uncertainty evaluation of the six enzymological reference methods.

Objective To study the growth rhythm of height, diameter at ground and the distribution of biomass of annual seedlings of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Methods Dynamic measurings were carried out after sowing to determine the indexes including the growth quantity and biomass of overground and underground part of annual seedlings of G. uralensis. Results The growing period can be divided into four stages: the emergence phase, initiation phase, prosperous phase, and late phase. The growth quantity during the prosperity period accounted to 63.3% and 50.2% of biomass of the whole year. The growth rate of root was much higher than that of the stem and leaf. The accumulating rate of biomass is the highest during the period of the July 20th to September 20th. The biomass distribution ratio of root, stem, and leaf was 49.02∶17.75∶33.23, and the biomass ratio of underground part to overground part was 0.96. According to regression analysis, the height and diameter at ground were liner correlation with underground biomass and total biomass was individually larger than that of two biomasses of diameter at ground. Conclusion The growth pattern of the height and diameter at ground is accordance with S curve and can be simulated with Logistic equation. The height and diameter at ground is linearly correlation with the underground biomass and total biomass.

Objective Effect of provenance on seed biological characteristics and seedling growth in Glycyrrhiza uralensis was studied to indicate the important role of provenance in standardization production of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.Methods Indexes such as 1 000-seed weight,water content,seed capsule penetration,germination percentage,and germination potency of the seeds from various resources were determined by general ways.Growth indexes of young seedling and one-year seedling were determined.Results Between Shanghaimiao provenance and Bayinwusu provenance,1 000-seed weight of G.uralensis in Shanghaimiao was bigger,which was 12.3 mg for the former and 11.7 mg for the latter;water penetration of seed capsule was stronger in Bayinwusu and conductance rate was twice as much as it in Shanghaimiao.Shanghaimiao seed bearing storage and seed vigor were stronger and hard seed rate was higher.Germination percentage and germination potency of untreated seed in Bayinwusu was higher than that of Shanghaimiao,but lower after treatment.Germination percentage and germination potency of smaller seeds was the highest between the two different provenances in both the untreated and treated seeds.In growth indexes of two provenances,young seedling got a significant and the most significant difference.Growth index in Shanghaimiao was higher a little,which didn't get to an obvious level.Conclusion The provenances have an effect on physical characteristics,seed capsule penetration,and germination properties;provenance and seed size have an obvious effect on young seedling growth but have not any effect on one-year seedling growth and biomass.