Objective To understand physical and mental health status of children affected with AIDS and other children living in vulnerable families in a pilot county of the China /UNICEF AIDS Prevention and Care Project.Methods By random sampling,250 children of 0-17 years of age in a project county in Yunnan province were selected from 3 types of family:with family members affected with AIDS,with family members using illicit drugs,and poor family.Height were measured to all 250 children.Psychological questionnaire was used to interview 154 children over 6 years.Results There was no significant difference in height,but significant differences in psychological status among children from the 3 types of families.Among the children affected with AIDS,near 68% had difficulty or were indecisive in coping with problems in their daily life ;58% were worried about peer interaction;67% were relatively self-confident,which was lower than children affected by drug abuse,and the latter was 89%.Conclusion The mental status of children from the 3 types of family is different,and community care should be provided by considering the difference between them.

Objective To compare the differences between measured resting energy expenditure calculated by the indirect calorimetry with the resting energy expenditure calculated by the Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula in the mechanically ventilated surgical critically ill patients in SICU.Methods Patients mechanically ventilated in SICU of Xuanwu Hospital,from April 2014 to April 2015 were measured resting energy expenditure by the indirect calorimetry with the resting energy expenditure calculated by the Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula in the 1st,the 3rd and the 5th day.There were twenty-nine patients enrolled,thirteen males and sixteen females,measured the resting energy expenditure 188 times.The distribution of metabolism level was studied,and the resting energy expenditure measured by three methods were calculated and evaluated by paired sample t test.Results There were 177 times(62.24％)of low metabolism level,59 times(31.38％)of normal metabolism level,and 12 times(6.38％)of high metabolism level.Eighteen patients used these three methods to calculate the energy expenditure on 1st,3rd and 5th day:indirect calorimetry (1 627.11 ± 323.63) kcal,(1 614.67± 308.93) kcal,(1 576.11 ± 263.96) kcal;Weight formula (1 479.44 ± 200.24) kcal,(1 488.40 ± 227.72) kcal,(1434.14 ± 216.56) kcal;Harris-Benedict formula (1 777.43 ± 253.00) kcal,(1 730.08 ± 265.18) kcal,(1 689.33 ± 236.69) kcal.The results calculated from Harris-Benedict formula and the weight formula were significantly different fiom calculated from indirect calorimetry (P ＜ 0.05).Resting energy expenditure by Harris-Benedict formula was significantly higher than calculated from indirect calorimetry (All P ＜ 0.05).Resting energy expenditure by weight formula was significantly lower than calculated from indirect calorimetry(All P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Although Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula is convenient in clinical use,while the results calculated by them is significant different from the results calculated by indirect calorimetry.So clinical nutrition support should rely on indirect calorimetry as far as possible.

Photothermal therapy ( PTT) is a new treatment for cancer .Metal sulfide quantum dots can serve as good PTT agents thanks to their excellent optical , physical and chemical properties .This paper introduced the basic principles of PTT, evaluation methods and properties of quantum dots .Also, we reviewed the research progress in metal sulfide quantum dots, which have good infrared plasmon response capabilities and localized surface plasmon resonance effect in PTT .In combination with the characteristics of metal sulfide quantum dots , this review offered a vision of the physical and chemical processes which can be used in PTT and the developments of this novel cancer therapy offered a vision of the .

Objective:To investigate the effects of Daidzein on behavior of chronic stress depression rats and the expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) , neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) and non-specific immune regulation.Methods: 40 healthy adult male SD rats with body weight(210±19)g,clean grade,were chosen and fed with 1%sucrose solution for 4 d to change drinking habits.On the fifth day rats were subjected to water deprivation for 24 h without fasting.On the sixth day rats were fed with 1%surcrose solution.4 h later, preference of 1% surcrose solution was examined.According to the 1% sucrose solution preference and weight rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,normal control group(CG),model control group,(MG),fluoxetine group(FG,10.0 mg/kg),daidzein group(DG,80.0 mg/kg).At the same time of establishing model,rats were administered orally once a day for 32 d.The depression model was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress model and separation.The behavioral changes of the rats were observed, and expression of BNDF in hippocampus and NPY was measured by Western blot technology and immunohistochemistry.It was observed the proliferation function of lymphocytes,spleen index,the number of peripheral blood leukocytes and antibody-secreting cell function.Results: Compared with the normal control group(CG),the weight of rats with chronic stress protocol was lower, 1%sucrose consumption decreased,scores of rats in the open field test dropped significantly,the immobility time in the forced swimming test prolonged,the level of expression of BNDF and NPY decreased,all the differences above were statistically sig-nificant(P<0.01).Compared with model group,weight of rats in fluoxetine treatment group(FG) and daidzein treatment group(DG)in-creased,sugar consumption,scores in the open field test and the levels of expression of BNDF and NPY significantly increased,the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05 or P<0.01 ).The number of peripheral blood leukocytes and antibody-secreting cell function and proliferation of lymphocytes force in daidzein treatment group was significantly higher than the model group,daidzein dose spleen index was significantly higher than the model group(P<0.01).Conclusion: The daidzein can antagonize depressive symptoms in chronic stress mice,daidzein may increased content of BDNF in hippocampus and NPY protein, and enhanced the role of humoral immune response and lymphocyte proliferation in rats with chronic stress model.The mechanisms of antidepressant effects of daidzein might be related to the increase of content of BDNF in hippocampus and NPY protein and non -specific immune regulation.

Objective To discuss the influence of grading nursing care by physician-nurse cooperation decision-making on the quality of patient care and disease outcomes,and evaluate the application feasibility of nursing core system in this nursing mode.Methods 379 patients were admitted to departments of orthopedics and endocrinology from two hospital areas of our hospital from January 2011 to January 2012.Patients were divided into two groups according to nursing process.Patients who were given conventional grading nursing were set as the routine group,and patients receiving physician-nurse collaboration grading nursing were set as the collaboration group.The nursing quality and nursing efficiency,and the disease outcome of patients were compared between the two groups.Results The quality of care,the qualified rate of care plan implementation,the coverage rate of health education of patients and the patient satisfaction rate were higher in the collaboration group than those in the routine group.The performing rate of doctor's orders,the awareness rate of patient disease,the average length of hospital stay,compliance of medical orders and re-admission rate of patients with the same or a related disease within three months were significantly different between two groups.The collaboration group improved the matching degree of nursing grade with disease condition,understanding of professional knowledge,recording of nursing records,deficient nursing process,and communication ability of life knowledge,compared with those of the routine group.Conchusions Nursing grading mode by physician-nurse collaboration decision-making can obviously improve the defmition of grading nursing and the general treatment effect of patients,it significantly improved the quality of grading nursing.

Objective:By observing the hippocampus 5-HT1A receptor expression, MDA content and SOD activity and the effect of lentinan mouse model of chronic stress behavior,serum TNF-αand IL-6 content.To investigate the mechanism of antidepressant LNT.Methods:Healthy adult mice were 50,male,body weight (20 ±2) g,SPF grade,based on 1% sucrose water partial addicted degrees and were randomly divided into four groups,namely,normal control group (Normal controls,NG),model in the control group ( Model control,MG) ,LNT dose group ( L-LNT,2.5 mg/kg;H-LNT,5.0 mg/kg).Before the experiment began modeling 1 h daily oral administration,continuous administration 28 d, each experimental group administered according 1.0 ml/100 g weight.Application chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression produced,and make improvements.Normal control group,not to stimulate,food and water properly.Model group and the experimental intervention group with the lone support,fasting,water deprivation (24 h),and accept the unpredictable stressors,the 28 d of the experiment,the animals were randomized to receive daily each only one stimulus, within five days after making the choreography the stimulus program was not repeated and unpredictable.Animals were observed daily behavior change,with a strange environment to start feeding feeding experimentally observed incubation period,forced swim stress test record swim immobility time,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of serum TNF-α,IL-6 content ,NBT assay of total SOD activity,thio-barbituric acid (thiobarbituric acid,TBA) MDA content assay,immune proteins mark (Western blot) to detect 5-HT1A receptor expression levels.Results:MG mice in an unfamiliar environment, feeding latency was significantly prolonged after giving LNT intervention can shorten lead to chronic stress in mice feeding latency in an unfamiliar environment,prolonged chronic stress leads to significantly reduce the stress in mice swimming in water immobility time extension,and 5-HT1A receptor expression enhancing,LNT intervention group increased SOD,MDA content decreased serum TNF-αand IL-6 was significantly reduced,compared with the model group MG indicators above improvements were statistically significant ( P<0.05 or P<0.01 ).Conclusion:LNT can significantly antagonize depressive symptoms in mouse models of chronic stress,increased locomotor activity in mice time;LNT increase SOD,MDA content may antagonize the antidepressant effects and mechanisms related to LNT.

Objective High expression of multi-resistant transporter ATP-binding cassette super family G member 2 (ABCG2) is a major cause of drug resistance and chemotherapeutic failure of cancer .This study was to investigate the significance of ABCG2 expression in adrenocortical cancer cells after cyclophosphamide ( CTX) intervention in vivo . Methods Ten male and fe-male BALB/C-nu mice were randomly divided into a cyclophosphamide ( CTX) group and a control of equal number .SW-13 cells were subcutaneously injected into the nude mice to establish a model of subcutaneous transplantation tumor , followed by intraperitoneal injec-tion of CTX and isotonic saline solution into the two groups of mice , respectively .Then the expression of ABCG 2 in tumor tissue and primarily cultured cells was detected by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry . Results The expression of ABCG 2 in the tumor tissue was significantly higher in the CTX than in the control group ([69.1 ±1.83]%vs [53.4 ±1.65]%, P<0.05), and so was that in the primarily cultured cells ([97.89 ±1.36]% vs [81.88 ±8.31]%, P<0.05). Conclusion The ABCG2 gene is in-volved in the drug resistance of adrenocortical carcinoma and may be a therapeutic target of the malignancy .

Purpose To investigate the influence on shear wave velocity (SWV) by different probe frequency, scanline angle and ROI depth. Materials and Methods The elasticity QA Phantoms was used in the study. First the SWV was measured by curve probe at depths of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm and 8 cm. The scanline angle changed from 0°from midline, 1°-15°, 16°-30°and 31°-45°. Then the SWV was measured again by using line probe at depths of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm and 4 cm. The measured data were analyzed statistically. Results The SWV showed difference by using the two probes (P<0.05). As depth increased, the measurement by curve probe changed from overestimate to underestimate, while the measurement by line probe always showed underestimate from standard value. When the curve probe was used, the angle and depth affected SWV interactively (F=85.87 and 35.96, P<0.01), and had interactive effects (F=17.63, P<0.01). When the scanline angle was within 15°, the angle had little inlfuence upon the measurement. When the scanline angle was 0 °, the measurement was the closest to the standard value at the depth of 4 cm, and the maximum deviation occurred at the depth of 5 cm. The inlfuence of depth upon measurement had signiifcant difference when the line probe was used (P<0.05). The measurement was the closest to the standard value at the depth of 1 cm, and the maximum deviation occurred at the depth of 4 cm. Conclusion Factors like probe frequency, scanline angle and ROI depth can affect the SWV. When the curve probe is used, the accurate measurement occurs at the depth of 4 cm when the scanline angle is within 15°. When the line probe is used, the accurate measurement occurs at the depth of 1 cm.

0.05).On 1,3 and 5 days after the operation,the PHS and PVAS of Group B decreased significantly than those of Group A(P

Objective:To investigate the effect of fluorofenidone on renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and to observe the effect of fluorofenidone on the expressions of collagen type Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ),collagen type Ⅲ (Col Ⅲ),α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),connective tissue growth factor (CTGF),platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in the renal tissues of UUO rats.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group,a UUO group,and a flurofenidone group (n=5).UUO model was induced by ligating the left ureter in rats.The rats were treated with 125 mg/(kg.d) fluorofenidone by gastric gavage in the fluorofenidone group at 24 h before the operation,and the rats were treated with the identical dose of 0.5％ sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC-Na) in the other 2 groups.The rats were sacrificed at 14 days after UUO.Pathological changes of the renal tissue were observed by HE and Masson staining,the mRNA expressions of Col Ⅰ,Col Ⅲ,α-SMA,PDGF and CTGF were detected by real-time PCR,and the protein expressions of Col Ⅰ,Col Ⅲ,PDGF and CTGF were detected by immunohistochemical staining.Results:The renal interstitial damage index,relative collagen area and mRNA and protein expressions of Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ in the renal tissues of the rats in the UUO group significantly increased (P＜0.05),and fluorofenidone could reduce these indexes (P＜0.05).Compared with the sham-operated group,the protein expressions ofα-SMA,PDGF,CTGF and the mRNA expressions of PDGF and CTGF in the renal tissues of the rats in the UUO group were increased,but fluorofenidone could decrease the protein expressions of α-SMA,PDGF,CTGF and the mRNA expressions of PDGF and CTGF (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Fluorofenidone (125 mg/kg·d) could attenuate renal interstitial fibrosis through inhibition offibroblast proliferation,myofibroblastic activation,PDGF and CTGF expression.