Cancer molecular epidemiology focus on distribution and pathogenesis of tumor markers in high-risk populations and cancer patients.Cancer molecular epidemiology tries to open the "black box" and to elucidate the nature of cancer through the measurement and evaluation of exposure and response to carcinogens and individual genetic susceptibility,involving the fields of etiology,preventive medicine and clinical medicine.We need rigorously strengthen the design and implementation of cancer molecular epidemiology,the research and application of TM should enhance the principles of quality,evidence and ethics.With the utility of new subject tools such as proteomics,cancer molecular epidemiology which combines the advantages of multi-subjects is now quickly changing.

BACKGROUND:An increasing number of studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cels have the potential to treat acute kidney injury. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels have general characteristics of stem cels and many advantages, such as easy to isolate and culture, in vitrofast amplification, low immunogenicity and no ethical problems, which have garnered increasing attentions. OBJECTIVE:To study the repairing effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels on acute kidney injury in rats. METHODS: Thirty rats were randomized into three groups: a normal control group, a model group and a cel transplantation group. Rats in the model and cel transplantation were subjected to clamping the renal pedicles for 45 minutes, and then injected 1 mL of DAPI-labeled umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels or 1 mL of saline via the tail vein. In the normal control group, the kidney was only exposed with no treatment. At 7 days after treatment, the rats were kiled to take left kidney tissues for pathological observation under light microscope and right kidney for observation of DAPI-positive cel counting. Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum creatinine and urea ammonia levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, the levels of serum creatinine and urea ammonia were significantly lower in the cel transplantation group (P < 0.05), suggesting that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels can improve the kidney function to a certain extent. Pathological findings showed that the pathological damage was improved more remarkably in the cel transplantation group than the model group, and the tubular necrosis index decreased significantly in the cel transplantation group. At 7 days after cel transplantation, blue fluorescent cels were scattered on renal tissue frozen sections. These results indicate that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels can migrate to the injured tubular epithelial tissues, and promote the repair of the injured kidney.

Objective To observe the morphological changes in alcohol-induced pregnanted golden hamster neural tube defects and eye abnormalities, and to study quantitatively the alterations of apoptosis during teratogenesis. Methods The pregnanted golden hamsters were killed 4,8,16,24, 48 and 72 hours after teratogenic dose alcohol exposure respectively, and both embryos and fetuses were obtained. The LM, SEM and stereomicroscope were used to observe the histological alterations during the teratogenesis of the neural tube and the eye. With the TUNEL and TEM methods, the apoptosis were studied qualitatively. Results 1^The closure of the golden hamster neural tube and the formation of the optic cup were significantly retardation in the experimental groups. 2^After 8h of maternal alcohol exposure, the apoptosis of neural epithelial cells increased apparently, especially in the prosencephalon and neural crest.At either 16h or 24h after treatment, the index of apoptosis was also higher than that in the control groups, and the apoptosis chiefly located in the neural crest and optic grooves.After 48h, this index gradually declined to the level of control groups.Conclusion Alcohol can delay the closure of the golden hamster neural tube and the formation of the optic cup. Meanwhile it can cause excessive apoptosis on these structures.These alterations are probably partially involved in the mechanism of alcohol-induced neural tube defects and eye abnormalities.

Objective To explore the curative effect and indication in coverage of the thumb soft tissue defect by five kinds of minute flaps. Methods From January 1998 to March 2003, 52 cases with skin and soft tissue defect of the thumb were treated by five different kinds of flaps: 5 underwent the wrapping flap with nail from the big toe, 15 with the reversible thumb dorso-ulnar artery island flap, 10 with the thenar flap, 8 with the lateral digital island flap, 14 with the index finger dorsal island flap. There were 40 males and 12 females, aged from 17 to 35 years (average, 25 years). The maximum area of the repair flap was 5.0 cm?2.5 cm, and the minimum area was 2.0 cm?1.5 cm. Results All flaps survived. After 6 to 36 months postoperative follow-up, with an average of 20 months. The blood supply and texture of the flaps were excellent, their outer aspect and function were satisfactory. Among 46 cases of flaps with their proper or connecting nerves, the average distance of the two-point discrimination was 5.8 mm in the wrapping flap with nail from the big toe, 8.5 mm in the reversible thumb dorso-ulnar artery island flap, 7.0 mm in the thenar flap, 6.2 mm in the lateral digital island flap, 8.8 mm in the index finger dorsal island flap. Of the 6 cases that the nerves were not connected, the healed flaps had only the pain and touch sensation, the two-point discrimination was poorly recovered. Conclusion The five kinds of flaps are safe and reliable for repairing thumb soft tissue defect, among which the wrapping flap with nail from the big toe and the lateral digital island flap have the advantage of the best sensation recovery, the reversible thumb dorso-ulnar artery island flap and the thenar flap are easy to perform with minimum damage. Better curative effect can be obtained by choosing different flaps according to the site of tissue defect.

Objective To explore risk factors for adult leukemia. Methods 192 patients with leukemia and 241 community controls were chosen to carry out a case-control study for finding the indoor environmental factors and the other risk factors for leukemia. The data was statistically analyzed by unconditional logistic regression. Results It was demonstrated as the risk factors for leukemia that the occupation (OR=7.06, P

Objective To design a new automatic rinse assemblage for cage of medical laboratory animal in order to improve the work efficiency and safety of laboratory animal center.Methods The practices of laboratory animal were analyzed retrospectively and the animal experiment were investigated.Results The new automatic rinse assemblage for cage of medical laboratory animal was designed and its main function and operation methods were explained.Conclusion The automatic rinse assemblage for cage of medical laboratory animal has advantages of advanced function and convenient operation,and it has good perspective for medical laboratory animal management.

The occurrence and distribution of the atrial muscle cells containing atriopeptinimmunoreactive granules were studied in rat embryos and newborn rats with immunohistochemistry. The results showed that immunoreactive granules occurred in a few atrial muscle cells of embryos at 13 days old but they were not found in those cells at 11 and 12 days. With development of the embryos, the number of cells containing immunoreactive granules in atrium increased and their granules became more abundant and located mainly around the nucleus. Most of the granulated atrial muscle cells distributed in trabecular structure of the luminal surface of atria. They gradually decreased in number towards the pericardial side. The nongranulated atrial muscle cells mainly located near the pericardium and in atrial septum. The results suggested that the specific differentiation of atrial muscle cells occurred at early period of rat embryos, some cells became atriopeptin immunoreactive positive cells, while the others remained as negative cells. The feature of the differentiation of atrial muscle cells may reflect the functional development of the atria.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detections have unique advantages in the real-time personalized medicine of patients with tumors.The rarity and heterogeneity of CTCs in peripheral blood pose great technical challenge for CTCs researches.Most of technologies for detecting CTCs have been developed to enrich CTCs by virtue of physical properties or specific biological features of the cells at first,then genotype or phenotype analysis are performed to count or characterize CTCs.Advances in molecular analysis of single cells enable CTCs detections to provide more accurate and comprehensive information.Biological processes during CTCs invasion and metastasis such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition and clustering should to be considered seriously to promote the clinical applications of CTCs detection.

High performance liquid chromatography-time-off-flight mass spectrometer (HPLC-TOFMS) technology coupled with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) processed by SIMCA-P software was applied to investigate serum endogenous metabolites alternations of valsartan in spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR). And MetPA platform was used to connect identified potential biomarkers in corresponding metabolic pathways to find possible therapeutic mechanism of valsartan. Valsartan significantly declined the blood pressure of SHRs (P < 0.05) at fourth week. The metabolic profiling significantly changed and four metabolites involved in G protein-coupled pathway were identified. Metabolomics is able to detect holistic and microcosmic alternations in organism, so as to elucidate therapeutic mechanism of drugs.

Objective To explore the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in embryonic neuroepithelial cells in Golden hamster exposured to the teratogenic dose of alcohol. Methods The experimental pregnant golden hamsters were given ethanol through intraperitoneally injected, 5.8 g/kg body weight. The Bcl-2 and Bax expressions in neuroepithelial cells of experimental and control animals were detected with immunohistochemical and image analysis at 4,8,16,24,48 and 72 h time points after treatment. Results Bcl-2 and Bax proteins distributed in nuclear membranes and cytoplasm of the neuroepithelial cells as well as mesenchymal cells. In control groups, the expressions of these two kind proteins increased as the time passed at beginning, 16 hours after, came to the summit and then descended gradually. Compared with the control, the expressions of Bcl-2 in experimental groups were down-regulated, expressions of Bax were up-regulated except at 8 h time point. Conclusion Alcohol can induce down-regulation of the expression of Bcl-2 protein and up-regulation of the expression of bax protein, which may play a an important role in regulation of apoptosis in alcohol-induced neural tube malformation.