Objective To find out the microalgae species in the spring water and the pollution route in the production process of drinking spring water. Methods 42 samples were collected from the workshop, the spring source, the product line and the repeated barrels in a water plant. The microalgae were examined by microscope, CCD imaging system and scanning electron microscope. Results 18 microalgae species were detected from the 42 samples including 4 species in Cyanophyta, 9 in Chlorophyta, 4 in Bacillariophyta and 1 in Euglenophyta. The dominant species occurred in samples of the floor around the workshop and the floor beside the wellspring bump were Achnanthes biasolettiana and Cymbella affinis, in the spring source were Chlamydomonas sp. and Ulothrix tenerrima, in the spring water barrel was Scenedesmus obliquus. Chlorella vulgaris was detected in all processes before the super-filter,and after filtered, no microalgae was detected, but in the product water, Chlorella vulgaris was still detected after enriched culture. Conclusion Usually, the microalgae polluted drinking spring water products is mainly Chlorella vulgaris and the pollution route is reusing of barrels.

Objective The study was designed to investigate the intestinal mucosa barrier function changes in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP),and the intervention effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) injection and its mechanisms of protection on intestinal mucosa barrier function injury of SAP with the purpose of providing evidence for preventing and curing intestinal mucosa barrier function injury of SAP in clinical practice.Methods A total of 80 healthy male Sprauge-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group (Normal),a sham-operation group (Sham),a SAP model group (Model),and a EGCG treated group (EGCG),with 24 rats (except 8 rats in the normal group) in each group.The latter three groups each had three subgroups at three time points:6,12,24hours.Rats with SAP were prepared with retrograde cholangiopancreatic duct infusion in 5％ sodium taurocholate.The dynamic changes of the indexes of intestinal mucosa barrier function injury and Pancreas injury were observed at various time points in each group,including the levels of Plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) and serum amylase and malondialdehyde (MDA),nitric oxide(NO),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)in gut.Results 1.The levels of serum amylase [(3158.64 ± 218.25)μ/L,(4277.24 ± 231.35)μ/L,(5842.76 ± 248.18)μ/L] and plasma DAO concentration [(4.23 ± 0.51) μ/L,(5.13 ± 0.32)μ/L,(7.83 ± 0.76) μ/L] in the Model group were significantly higher at 6 h,12 h,24 h postoperation than the Normal group[serum amylase:(2074.11 ± 101.56)μ/L,DAO:(2.32 ± 0.48) μ/L] and Sham group [serum amylase:(1885.27 ± 103.89) μ/L,(1778.57 ± 98.94) μ/L,(1935.24 ± 105.87) μ/L].The levels of serum amylase [(2576.70 ± 123.43) μ/L,(2783.77 ± 155.53) μ/L,(2902.32 ±176.25) μ/L] and plasma DAO concentration (3.59 ± 0.57) μ/L,(3.98 ± 0.67) μ/L,(6.44 ± 0.71) μ/L in the EGCG group were lower than the Model group,but higher than the Normal group and the Sham group.Compared with the Normal group and the Sham group,the concentration of MDA and NO [MDA:(2.28±0.35) μmol/g,(3.02 ± 0.41) μmol/g,(3.78 ± 0.48) μmol/g ; NO:(16.80 ± 0.60) μmol/g,(18.23 ± 0.78) μmol/g,(20.14±0.82) μ,mol/g] significantly increased in the Model group at 6h,12 h,and 24 h postoperation.The concentration of MDA and NO (1.67±0.14) μmol/g,(1.75±0.16) μmol/g,(1.84±0.22) μmol/g; NO:(9.09±0.31) μmol/g,(9.32±0.44)μmol/g,(10.15±0.52)μmol/g were lower in the EGCG group in all times than the Model group.Compared with the Normal group (0.10) and the Sham group (0.25).The expression ofiNOS was significantly increased in the Model group(1.86).The expression of iNOS was lower in the EGCG group (0.66) in all times than the Model group,but higher than the Normal group and the sham group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Conclusion EGCG can protect the damages of intestinal mucosa barrier function in SAP rats,probably through reducing free radicals,and the iNOS expression.

Objective:To explore effect of serum leptin level on nutriture in the patient of chronic renal failure(CRF)and the relation with TCM syndrome types of CRF.Methods:110 cases in CRF group were divided into 5 subtypes and 30 normal persons were used as control group.Serum leptin level,body height,body weight,and body mass index(BMI)were determined in both groups;and serum albumin,serum pre-albumin,transferin,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,C-reaction protein,blood insulin,and nutrition risk index(NRI)were detected in CRF group.Results:Serum leptin level in CRF group was higher than that in the control group,and leptin level and nutritional index level in both the subtype groups of Qi-and Yang-deficiency of spleen and kidney were significantly different with those in other 3 subtype groups.Conclusion:High blood leptin is possibly one of the reasons inducing malnutriture of CRF patient,and serum leptin is possibly a partial basis of substances of Qi-and Yang-deficiency syndrome of CRF.

Objective　To study the occurence, development and regulation of reactive gliosis with astrocyte (Ast) in vitro. Methods　Ast was isolated and cultured in vitro and its model of reactive gliosis was established by scratching the cultured astrocytes. The reactivity and rules of Ast to injury was studied by morphological changes, RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization and imaging analysis. Results　After scratching, the astrocytes showed typical features of reactive gliosis, with the hypertrophic cell body, thickened and lengtheded processes, and enhanced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining. In situ hybridization and RT-PCR analysis confirmed that the expression of GFAP mRNA was markedly increased. These changes occurred 1 d after scratching and reached the peak 5 to 7 d after injuring. Conclusion　A model of reactive astrogliosis was successfully established in vitro which showed an active reaction to injury. The characteristics of reactive gliosis parallel that seen in vivo.

The changes of the morphology and percentage of the macroglia surrounding focus of brain stabbing injury (BSI) were observed by immunohistochemistry,immunoinfluorescence stain and flow cytometer(FCM) and the effect of magroglia during glial scar forming were elucidated.The results showed that a large number of GFAP-immunoreactive positive cells were accumulated around the focus of BSI.These cells were hyperplastic,hypertrophic,and emerged swollen cytoplasmic processes.The most marked changes were observed at 1-2 week after BSI.The results of FCM showed that the percentage of GFAP positive cells increased gradually and reached to a peak during 1～2 week after BSI.The peak ratio of GFAP positive was about 46%.However,the changes of morphology and number of GC positive cells were not detected after BSI.The authors believed that astrocyte is the main macroglia during glial scar formatting .The oligodendrocytes is not an active cell during this course.

Objective To investigate the effect of seretide plus montelukast on clinical symptoms、pulmonary functions and the serum IL-6 and TNF-α of patients with asthma.Methods 73 cases patients with asthma were randomly divided into seretide group and seretide plus montelukast group and were treated respectively for two weeks.The clinical symptoms,lung functions and serum IL-6,TNF-α contents of patients were measured respectively before treatment and after two weeks treatment.Results After two weeks treatment,the clinical symptom scores、FEV1.0、FVC and PEFR of two groups had significantly changed than that before treatment(P<0.05);Each index was further compared after treatment,and it was found that two groups had significant differernces statistically (P<0.05),these showed that combination of seretide and montelukast could significantly enhance the therapeutic effect.After treatment,the TNF-α and IL-6 contents in the peripheral blood of seretide group and seretide plus montelukast group had both significantly reducted (P<0.05 or P<0.01);The TNF-α and IL-6 contents of seretide plus montelukast group had reduced more significantly than that of the seretide group(P<0.05).Conclusion The seretide plus montelukast group could improve the clinical symptoms and pulmonary function of patients with asthma,and the action mechanism might be related to lower the serum IL-6 and TNF-α contents.

Objective To study the association of carotid atherosclerosis with high-sensitivity creative protein(hs-CRP),lipoprotein-a(Lp-a) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF).Methods Seventy-one CRF patients were divided into Group A of 45 patients under maintenance hemodialysis and Group B of 26 patients without hemodialysis,and 20 healthy donor was Group C in this study.And 71 CRF patients were divided into carotid atherosclerosis group (43 cases) and non carotid atherpsclerosis group(28 cases) according to whether the carotid atherosclerosis plaque was detected out.Fortythree CRF patients presented carotid atherosclerosis including 17 patients with soft plaque,10 patients with hard plaque and the other 16 with mixed plaque.Color ultra-sound was used to measure the carotid intimal medial thickness(IMT) and define the type of plaque.Levels of hs-CRP,Lp (a) and SOD were detected and analyzed in this study.Results (1) Levels of hs-CRP,Lp-a,SOD and IMT were significantly different in group A ((7.39±2.25) ag/L,(428.43±102.25) mmol/L,(71.35±21.52) KU/L and (1.23±0.31) mm,respectively),group B((7.41±1.67) mg/L,(432.12±96.43) mmol/L,(68.14±15.25) KU/L and (1.18±0.26) mm,respectively),and group C ((2.11 ± 0.86) mg/L,(193.32 ± 62.31) mmol/L,(94.23 ± 21.13)KU/L and (0.61 ±0.22) mm,respectively),the differences were significant (F =2.998,2.783,2.032,2.802;P＜0.05).Plaque incidence was increased in group A(68.9％) and group B(69.2％) compared with group C (12.5％) with statistical significance (x2=17.863,17.989;P＜0.001).(2) Furthermore,for CRF patients,hsCRP and Lp-a were positively related to IMT in group A (r =O.436,0.279;P＜0.05) and group B (r =0.652,0322;P ＜ 0.05),SOD presenting negative relationship with IMT (r =-0.283,P ＜ 0.01 for group A,and r =-0.164,P＜0.05 for group B).(3) Level of hs-CRP and Lp-a in carotid atherosclerosis group were higher than those in non carotid atherosclerosis group((7.58±2.47) mg/L vs.(3.41±1.26) mg/L,(437.31±115.38) mmol/L vs.(256.24± 101.22) mmol/L),the differences were significant (t =2.917,2.583;P ＜0.05).Level of SOD in carotid atherosclerosis group was lower than that in non carotid atherosclerosis group ((68.43±13.36) KU/L vs.(76.22±17.12) KU/L),the difference was signifiant(t=2.156,P＜0.05).(4)Level of hs-CRP and SOD in patients with soft plaque and mixed plaque were statistically different from those in patients with hard plaque(F=4.210,2.056;P＜0.05).Conclusion The micro-inflammatory status,oxidative stress and disturbance of Lp-a metabolism are extensively existed in CRF patients and closely connect to each other.Therefore,they might correlate with the formation of plaques in carotidartery.

Objective To design a new multifunctional surgical instrument case in order to improve the work efficiency and safety of operation in field battle. Methods Practices of operation in field battle were analyzed retrospectively and the characteristics of modern surgery were investigated. Results A new multifunctional surgical instrument case was designed and its main clinical function and operation methods were explained. Conclusion Multifunctional instrument case has advantages of advanced function and convenient operation. It has good perspective for clinical surgery applying.

AIM: To study the protective effects of intravenous (iv) CGRP on myocardial injury in rat. METHODS: Establish a rat myocardial ischemic injury model by subcutaneous injection of single dose of isoproterenol (ISO), and treat the model with single dose of iv CGRP. Two hours later, serum CK, LDH, MDA and SOD levels were measured, MDA and SOD in myocardial tissue were tested, and myocardial tissue structures were observed. RESULTS:(1) Serum MDA and tissue MDA levels increased significantly and serum SOD and tissue SOD decreased significantly in injury group, in the CGRP treated group, the above changes were reversed (P

Objective To study the influence of hemodiafiltration on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),serum parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and cardiac function in uremic patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods Forty patients with uremia were divided into hemodiafiltration (HDF) group (n =20) and hemodialysis(HD) group(n =20) by random numbers.Serum hs-CRP and iPTH were measured before treatment and at 6 months after treatment.Their left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD),interventricular septal thickness (IVST) and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) were measured by echocardiogram.Ten healthy volunteers were recruited as the normal controls.Results After treatment,serum hs-CRP and iPTH decreased significantly in the HDF group (hs-CRP:(3.32±1.t4) mg/L vs.(7.84 ±2.21) mg/L,t =2.072,P =0.046;iPTH:(155.36 ±81.33) ng/L vs.(190.25 ±82.31) ng/L,t =2.121,P =0.023).No significant difference of serum hs-CRP and iPTH was observed in the HD group before and after treatment (hs-CRP:(7.91 ±2.11) mg/L vs.(7.68 ± 1.86) mg/L,t =1.731,P =0.111 ; iPTH:(177.43 ± 85.43) ng/L vs.(184.35 ± 87.21) ng/L,t =1.331,P =0.210).Color Doppler indices of cardiac structure of the HDF group significantly improved after treatment compared with before treatment (LVEDd:(55.3 ±3.7) mm vs.(58.8 ±4.3) mm,t =2.345,P =0.015 ;LVESd:(33.5 ±2.6) mm vs.(36.4±4.3) mm,t=2.178,P=0.046;IVST:(10.2±1.7) mmvs.(13.1 ±1.8) mm,t=2.630,P=0.012;LVEF:(55.3 ±2.6)％ vs.(42.5 ±3.3)％,t =2.860,P =0.010;LVMI:(132.5 ±9.1)g/m2 vs.(137.4 ± 8.7) g/m2,t =2.871,P =0.009).After treatment,cardiac structure of the HDF group was significantly better than that of the HD group (LVEDd:(55.3 ± 3.7) mm vs.(59.1 ± 4.2) mm,LVESd:(33.5 ±2.6) mm vs.(36.1 ±3.4) mm,IVST:(10.2±1.7) vs.(12.4 ±1.3) mm,LVEF:(55.3 ±2.6)％vs.(43.4±2.7)％,LVMI:(132.5 ±9.1) g/m2 vs.(139.4 ±8.9) g/m2;P ＜0.05).During the six month treatment,the incidence rate of cardiovascular events of the HDF group was significantly less than the HD group (36.39％(524/1440) vs.(72.08(1038/1440),x2 =21.583,P＜0.01).Conclusion HDF may efficiently remove iPTH,improve cardiac function of uremic patients,and help them recover from micro-inflammatory state.