0.05).There were more patients with complete SCI and spasticity in group A(P

Objective To understand and analyze the situation of orthopedic nursing manpower resources in grade- Ⅲ general hospital in Shanghai and provide empirical evidence for appropriate allocation and exploitation of nursing manpower resources. Methods Data were collected by questionnaire and then underwent analysis. Results In 2009,the number of authorized beds was 1866,the actual number of open beds was 2007.The number of nurses was 595 (2 male).The ratio of ward bed and nurse were 1:0.319 and 1:0.296, calculated by the authorized beds and authorized beds, respectively.The average age of head nurses was (37.53±6.11 ) years old, average working life span was (17.87 ± 6.16) years; college degree or above accounted for 95.56%; middle professional titles accounted for 62.22%. College degree or above accounted for 75.13% in nurses, junior professional titles accounted for 92.1%; age group is mostly concentrated in the 20 to 29 years of age, accounted for 67.06%; working life span concentrated within 10 years, accounted foi 73.11%. The education level mainly is primary school in the care workers (carer), accounted for 45.83%; concentrated in the 40 to 49 years of age, accounted for 60.42%; working life span concentrated in more than 6 years, accounted for 55.21%. Conclusions There are shortage of orthopedic nursing manpower resources, unreasonable allocated structure, lack of male nurses in grade- Ⅲ general hospital in Shanghai. The management of the care workers should be standardized.

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory insufficiency is common complication of surgical treatment of adolescent scoliosis patients. The preventive effects of breathing exercise before surgery is still uncertain.OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility and efficacy of breathing exercises for scoliosis patients before operation.DESIGN: Nonrandomized cross sectional study.SETTING, PARTICIPANTS and METHODS: Totally 35 hospitalized kids with scoliosis and pulmonary dysfunction aged from 9 to 15 years old were selected from Shanghai Changhai Hospital. A set of breathing exercise including which included pursed lip breathing, abdominal breathing, diaphragmatic breathing and blowing balloon was performed to these patients one week before surgery. The changes of pulmonary function were recorded and compared before and after exercises.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The change of vital capacity, lung capacity, forced ventilation capacity(FVC), maximal ventilation volume(MVV) before and after breath exercises.RESULTS: All sorts of indes are improved comparing with those before exercises. The vital capacity, lung capacity, FVC and MVV were greatly improved from(1.77 ±0. 36), (2.67 ±0. 84), (2.07 ±0.46), (52.5 ± 14.0) L before exercises to(2.65 ±0. 29), (3.56 ±0.79), (2.41 ±0.41), (70. 1 ± 17.0) L respectively( t = 3.63 - 11.28, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Preoperative breathing exercises can improve the pulmonary functions of kids with scoliosis and improve their tolerance to surgery and prevent the postoperative respiratory insufficiency.

Objective: To investigate the expression changes of TNF ? mRNA after brain explosive injury in dogs. Methods: With the brain explosive injury model we had developed, nuclei acid in situ hybridization with an antisense RNA probe and computer image analysis were used to detect the dynamic changes of TNF ? mRNA in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and up brain stem after brain injury. Results: The expression of TNF ? mRNA could be found in several regions of normal dog's brain tissues, and the expression became more obvious and widespread following explosive injury to the brain. In all of the brain regions, the expression changes of cerebral contussive area and hippocampus were more significant. TNF ? mRNA expression increased significantly at 30 min and reached maximum at 1 h after the explosive injury, and then decreased gradually, which was higher than normal's. More expression were detected in the ipsilateral hemisphere than contralateral hemisphere. Conclusion: The expression of TNF ? mRNA in basal condition implicate that TNF ? may play an important role in neural function. It is suggested that TNF ? may play an important role in traumatic brain injury. [

Objective: To investigate risk perception, emergency preparedness and emergency literacy among medical students under COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: An online survey was conducted by using the self designed COVID-19 questionnaire on risk perception, emergency preparedness and emergency literacy from March 27 to March 30, 2020. The convenience sampling method was used to investigate 4 864 medical students from 2 colleges and technical secondary schools in Sichuan Province. Results: The scores of risk perception, emergency preparedness and emergency literacy associated with COVID-19 were(35.18±4.33)(28.30±4.16) and(25.23±2.97) respectively. Risk perception of medical students was positively correlated with emergency preparedness and emergency literacy(r=0.35, 0.40), emergency preparedness was positively correlated with emergency literacy(r=0.51)(P<0.05). Conclusion Considering interrelationships among risk perception, emergency preparedness and emergency literacy associated with COVID-19, medical students should be given targeted prevention and control training.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effects of Polygonum hydropiper extract on acute gastric mucosal lesion (AGML)in rats. METHODS:48 rats were randomly divided into normal group(normal saline),model group(normal saline), positive group(ranitidine hydrochloride,0.05 g/kg),P. hydropiper extract low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups(2.7, 8.1,24.3 g/kg by crude drug),i.g. for consecutive 7 d,once a day. Except for normal group,other groups were given absolute ethyl alcohol to induce AGMI model after 1 h of last administration. 1.5 h after modeling,gastric mucosal lesion index of rats was calculated;the pathological changes of gastric tissue in rats were observed;nuclear factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2)content and SOD activity in gastric tissue of rats were determined by ELISA. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,the gastric mucosa of model group was damaged obviously,there was blood capillary rupture in submucosa,gastric mucosal lesion index was increased significantly(P<0.01);Nrf2 content and SOD activity were significantly decreased in gastric tissue of rats(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group,gastric mucosal lesion of rats was relieved to different extent;in positive group,P. hydropiper extract medium-dose and high-dose groups,gastric mucosal lesion index was decreased significantly(P<0.05),and Nrf2 content and SOD activity were increased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:P. hydropiper extract has good protective effect on absolute ethyl alcohol-induce AGMI,the mechanism of which may be associated with raising Nrf2 content and enhancing SOD activity in gastric mucosal tissue.

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of nanocrystalline needles combined with 5% minoxidil tincture in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia of male.Methods:A total of 60 patients with androgenetic alopecia were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 30 patients in each group. The control group was treated with 5% minoxidil tincture 2 times a day. On the basis of the control group, the treatment group was treated with nanocrystalline needles combined with 5% minoxidil tincture for 10 minutes 2 times a week. The clinical effects of different treatments were compared after six months.Results:There was a significant difference in overall response rate between the treatment group and the control group (80.00% vs. 53.30%, P<0.05). The improvement of the each clinical features of image by dermoscopy in patients with hair loss disease included more than 20% of hair diameter diminish, vellus hair increased, partly acomia and yellow dot sign had a significant difference between the treatment group and the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Nanocrystalline needles combined with 5% minoxidil tincture has a good clinical effect in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors on androgenetic alopecia (AGA) of primary healthcare staffs.Methods:Primary healthcare staffs were investigated by a questionnaire.Results:A total of 934 healthcare staffs (550 males and 384 females) were surveyed, of which 238 cases were diagnosed as AGA. 68.8% of AGA patients had poor mental health self-assessment; 52.94% of AGA patients had a family history; the prevalence in the people who usually had the night shift was 26.03%, which was higher than that in the people who had no night shift.Conclusions:The prevalence of AGA in healthcare staffs is higher than the national average, which might be related to working pressure, mental status, night shifts, genetic and alcohol drinking.

Based on synergetics, system theory and dissipative structure theory, the connotation and composition of the compound system of rural public health service in country area are described in the paper. The authors proposed that the synergy degree model of the compound system for rural public health service in county areas comprises the order degree model and the synergy degree model of the compound system, which are composed of such subsystems as functionality, service network, demand, and economy. They also probed into the evaluation method for synergy degree and built the measuring index system of synergy degree comprising 59 level-2 evaluation indicators.

ObjectiveTo investigate the population with an advantage of clinical cure previously treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), and to provide more methods for clinicians in pursuing the clinical cure of hepatitis B. MethodsA total of 42 chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level HBsAg who received NAs treatment in Hebi Third People’s Hospital from October 2017 to October 2019 were enrolled as subjects and divided into combination treatment group (group A) and NA monotherapy group (group B). The 22 subjects in group A were treated with NAs combined with PEG-IFN antiviral therapy for 48 weeks, and some patients withdrew from PEG-IFN after 24 weeks and continued to receive NA monotherapy, while the 20 subjects in group B received NA antiviral therapy alone. Both groups were observed till week 48, and the five makers for hepatitis B were measured to evaluate clinical outcome. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups; a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to perform a multivariate analysis. ResultsCompared with group B at the 48-week treatment endpoint, group A had significantly higher HBsAg clearance rate (45.5% vs 0, P＜0.01) and HBsAg seroconversion rate (31.8% vs 0, P＜0.01). The population with HBsAg ＜1000 IU/ml, ＜500 IU/ml, ＜100 IU/ml, and ＜10 IU/ml had an HBsAg clearance rate of 52.6%, 61.5%, 66.7%, and 100%, respectively, and the population with an HBsAg level of 500-1000 IU/ml, 100-500 IU/ml, 10-100 IU/ml, and ＜10 IU/ml had an HBsAg clearance rate of 33.3%, 50%, 40%, and 100%, respectively. The 4 patients with baseline HBsAg ＜10 IU/ml (accounting for 18.2% in group A) achieved clinical cure at week 12 of combined treatment, and after observation to week 48, 2 patients had an anti-HBs level of ＞100 IU/ml and 2 had an anti-HBs level of ＞1000 IU/ml. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of HBsAg clearance showed that age at the initiation of combined treatment affected HBsAg clearance (odds ratio ［OR］=0.877, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 0.781-0.985, P=0.026), and most of the patients with HBsAg clearance had an age of 36-49 (44.20±4.49) years; baseline HBsAg level also had an impact on HBsAg clearance (OR=0.996, 95% CI: 0.992-1.000, P=0.050). ConclusionThe addition of interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level HBsAg previously treated with NAs can significantly improve the clinical cure rate. The younger the age and the lower the HBsAg level, the shorter the duration of combined treatment. Age and baseline HBsAg level are more important than the duration and type of NA medication.