Objective To observe the efficacy of cumulative dose of polyethylene glycol-interferon (Peg-IFN)α-2a combined with ribavirin in patients with decompensated hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver cirrhosis , and to evaluate the effects of anti-virus therapy on the progress of the disease . Methods From January 2005 to March 2009 ,patients with decompensated HCV-related liver cirrhosis were enrolled ,also included patients received partial splenic embolization .Peg-IFNα-2a combined with ribavirin therapy was given to patients whose blood cell met interferon (IFN) therapy standards .The dosage of Peg-IFNα-2a and ribavirin was adjusted according to the tolerance of the patients .After the treatment ,the patients were followed-up for 24 weeks .The patients whose blood cell did not meet IFN therapy standards and the patients unwilling to receive anti-virus therapy were assigned to control group and were followed-up for 96 weeks .The total amount of medication was calculated according to cumulative exposure dose . Sustained virological response (SVR ) , recurrence rate , liver function and disease progression were observed .The t test or Chi-square test was performed for comparison between groups and rate of disease progression was analyzed with Kaplan Meier curve .Results After anti-virus therapy , SVRs of patients with cumulative dose of Peg-IFNα-2a and ribavirin over 60% (include 60% ) were 27 .3%(12/44) and 27 .7% (13/47) ,respectively ;the recurrence rates were 7/19 and 35 .0% (7/20) ,respectively . In patients with cumulative dose less than 60% ,SVRs were 1/7 and 1/4 ,respectively ,and the recurrence rates were both 1/2 ;the differences of different doses was not statistically significant (all P>0 .05) .At the 24th week of follow-up after therapy ,the Child-Pugh score of combined therapy group was 7 .9 ± 1 .4 , which was lower than that before treatment (8 .5 ± 1 .2) ,and the difference was statistically significant (t=2 .33 ,P=0 .02) .At the 96th week of follow-up ,the Child-Pugh score of control group was 10 .0 ± 1 .6 ,which was higher than that before treatment (8 .5 ± 1 .4) ,and the difference was statistically significant (t=5 .82 , P<0 .01) .The disease progression rate of combined therapy group was 15 .7% , which was lower than that of control group (32 .4% ) ,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4 .34 ,P= 0 .04) .Conclusion The application of non-standard dosage of Peg-IFNα-2a combined with ribavirin in the patients with decompensated HCV-related liver cirrhosis can achieve virological response once the cumulative dose reached certain standards ,improve Child-Pugh scores of patients and slow disease progression .

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on local field potential of prefrontal cortex in rats in order to investigate the reason why pmpefol leads to cognitive dysfunction.Methods Thirty healthy male SD rats weighing 190-230 g were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=10 each):intralipid group(group C),low dose propofol group(group P1)and high dose propofol group(group P2).In group C,P1 and P2,10% intralipid 0.01 ml·kg-1·min-1,pmpofol 0.1 mg·kg-1·min-1,and propofol 0.5 mg·kg-1·min-1 were infused iv through the caudal vein for 2h respectively.The modified Morris water-maze (MWM) test was performed twice a day for 5 consecutive days one day after administration.The escape latency,swimming time in platform quadrant,percentage of swimming distance in platform quadrant in the total swimming distance and the fLrst central point were recorded.Propofol 0.1 and 0.5 mg·kg-1·min-1 were infused iv in group P1 and P2 respectively 14 days after propfol administration.Local field potential of prefrontal cortex was recorded at 1-2 h of administration.Results Compared with group C and P1,the escape latency was prolonged,the swimming time in platform quadrant was shortened,and the percentage of swimming distance in platform quadrant in the total swimming distance and the first central point were signifieandy decreased in group P2(P<0.05).The complexity and power spectrum were significantly lower in group P2 than in group P1(P<0.05).Conclusion The high dose of propofol Can inhibit prefrontal cortex neuronal discharge activity to result in cognitive dysfunction.

The accurate location of acupoints is the prerequisite for the efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion. Bone-length measurement, bone-proportional measurement, and proportional unit of the body measurement are commonly used in clinic for acupoints location. Based on the systematic review of the ancient literatures, this article discussed the meaning, evolution and relations of bone-length measurement, bone-proportional measurement, and proportional unit of the body measurement. It’s concluded that the bone-length measurement should be a benchmark in ancient anthropometry and an important basis for acupoints location. Bone proportional measurement, used in different genders, ages and body sizes, was based on the relatively stable proportional relations of various body parts, though some of the standards were adjusted in accordance with the correlation between meridians and acupoints. Location of points by proportional unit of the body simplified the application of bone-length measurement and bone proportional measurement, based on the ratio between short and long bones or the ratio of same body parts in anthropometry. However, proportional unit of the body measurement should be applied for the specific body parts. Bone-length measurement, bone-proportional measurement, and proportional unit of the body measurement are correspondingly the benchmark measurement, relative measurement, and simplified measurement.

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of acute ischemic stroke.CD200 expressed in neurons interacts with CD200 receptor (CD200R) on microglia cells.It can inhibit microglia activation and alleviate the inflammation after cerebral ischemic injury.This article reviews the roles of CD200 and CD200R in the activation of microglia after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To detect the doubling time of airway smooth muscle cells of human and rat by the xCELLigence in-strument,a real time cellular analyzer.Methods The airway smooth muscle cells were separated by collagenase-pancreatin digestion from the rat airway.Then,added to the different holes of E-plate of xCELLigence instrument with the planting destiny of 3 000 cells/well.and so were the human airway smooth muscle cells.The E-plate was then placed on the xCELLi-gence instrument to monitor cell proliferation for 100 hours to calculate the doubling time by using the RTCA Software Package 2.0 software.Results The doubling time of human airway smooth muscle cell calculated by the real time cellular analyzer was 23.96±0.47 h,which was consistent with the data provided by the reference.The doubling time of rat airway smooth muscle cell was 18.62±0.15 h,and the computational process was simple,time-saving and also effective.Conclusion The xCELLigence instrument can be used to calculate doubling time of airway smooth muscle cells of human and rat, which provides experimental methods and reference data for the basic respiratory disease research.

Microglia play a crucial role in inflammation after cerebral ischemia.A large number of studies have shown that microglia are highly plastic cells that can assume different phenotypes and functions in response to specific microenvironmental signals.Microglia can be polarized into the classically activated proinflammatory M1 phenotype or the alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype,and play different roles in ischemic injury.Irnhibiting M1 while stimulating M2 may be a new approach for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Objective In order to find out the properly corresponding solutions of stomatology doctors' profession exhaustion,we investigated and analyzed the current situations and the influential factors.The solutions would help stomatology doctors improve the working efficiency and the enthusiasm to job.Methods The survey was conducted using MBI-GS questionnaire.Results Among all the participants 52％ had a certain degree of emotional exhaustion,58％ had emotional exhaustion,61％ were cynic and had doubts about personal accomplishments.Females were even worse than the male in emotional exhaustion.Significant correlation was found between wage satisfaction and oral health care provider's emotions (P＜0.05) No significant relationship was seen between the marital status and different nature of the unit,and the score was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).No obvious difference wss observed in different professional titles.Concltsion In Hainan Area,the stomatology doctors have partly job burnout,according to these surveys,we now taking diversified and adjusted measures to make corrections and prevent the job burnout.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of dissection of pulmonary ligament was operated on videoassisted thoracic surgery(VATS) with bullectomy for spontaneous pneumothorax.Methods From Jan 2012 to Dec 2013, 232 patients (188 males, 44 females) underwent VATS with bullectomy for spontaneous pneumothorax or hemopeumothorax, whose age were between 14 and 45 years and mean age was(26.4 ± 10.1) years.202 patients resulted from upper lobe spontaneous pneumothorax, 23 patients for lower lobe spontaneous pneumothorax, 7 patients for hemopeumothorax, and 18 cases because of recurrence after bullectomy (7.7 ％, 18/232).all the patients were accepted bullectomy with or without dissection of pulmonary ligament.Results Between 112 patients who underwent upper lobe bullectomy with dissection of pulmonary ligament, at 1 st postoperative day, it was found 92 patients whose pleural effusion were less than 300 ml (82.1％ ,92/112);20 patients whose pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300 ml(17.9％, 20/112), and the mean drainage from thoracic cavity was(147.0 ± 61.0)ml.At 3 rd day, the mean drainage was(33.4 ± 20.0) ml.Within 23 cases who underwent lower lobe bullectomy with dissection of pulmonary ligament, the mean drainage from thoracic cavity, at 1 st postoperative day, was (155.2 ±41.1)ml,and the mean drainage, at the 3rd day, was(52.1 ± 21.3)ml.Also,within 90 patients who underwent bullectomywithout dissection of pulmonary ligament, 9 patients whose pleural effusion, at 1 st postoperative day, were less than 300ml(10％ ,9/90);81 patients whose pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300ml (90％, 81/90);the mean drainage for 90 patients was(65.1 ± 28.0)ml.At the 3rd day, 40 patients' pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300ml (44.4％,40/90) , and the mean drainage was(40.2 ± 25.5) ml.2 of 7 hemopeumothorax patients bled for the vessels injury during pulmonary ligament avulsion.Conclusion There was significant difference in clinical outcomes between two groups, and the dissection of pulmonary ligament was able to reduce the pooling of pleural effusion, facilitate the drainage of pleural effusion, and prevent pneumothorax recurrence, but there is no convincing evidence that dissection of pulmonary ligament can lead to bronchial deformation, stenosis, and reduce the free thoracic space.

Objective To evaluate the plasma level of miR-21 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and its clinical diagnostic significance .Methods Case-control study was used .The plasma level of miR-21 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR.The relative expressions of miR-21 were calculated. This study included 60 cases of patients with HCC , 71 patients with liver cirrhosis ( LC ) , 52 healthy volunteers ( HV) from January to June in 2014 in Henan Province People′s Hospital.The receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curves were analyzed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of miR-21 expression levels in HCC diagnosis. Differences between groups were assessed by the t-test.Results Plasma microRNA-21 level in the 60 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ( 2.6 ±1.1 ) was significantly higher than in patients with chronic hepatitis (1.6 ±0.9) and healthy volunteers (1.0 ±0.6) (t=5.322,P=0.004;t =8.349, P =0.000 3, respectively ) .Plasma microRNA-21 level in the HCC patients were positively correlated with tumor size and differentiation (tdif=3.366,P=0.019;tsize =3.490,P=0.012). ROC analysis of plasma microRNA-21 yielded an AUC of 0.796 with 70.0% sensitivity and 65.3%specificity when differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from chronic hepatitis , and an AUC of 0.934 with 89.5% sensitivity and 81.8% specificity when differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from healthy volunteers.Conclusion The plasma level of miR-21 in HCC patients has high specificity , and maybe help to diagnose of HCC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of survivin,COX-2 and bcl-2 in non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)and the significance and correlation between them.MethodsImmunohistochemistry MaxVision systems for survivin,COX-2 and bcl-2 were conducted on 44 NHL and 20 reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RH).ResultsThe positive expression rates of survivin,COX-2,bcl-2 in NHL were 70.45 ％(31/44),68.18 ％ (30/44),63.64 ％ (28/44),respectively,and these in RH were 40.00 ％ (8/20),40.00 ％(8/20) and 20.00 ％ (4/20),respectively.There was positive correlation between the expression of COX-2 and survivin (r =0.306,P =0.043),survivin and bcl-2 protein (r =0.339,P =0.040) in NHL.ConclusionCOX-2,survivin,bcl-2 are highly expressed in NHL.To detect the expression of them has clinical value to diagnosis NHL and to estimate the malignant degree of lymphoma.There are a positive correlations between the expression of COX-2 and survivin protein,and between the expression of survivin and bcl-2 protein,which indicates that they may play a synergistic role in the occurrence and development of NHL.