Objective To summarize the nursing experience for patients with filtering bleb infection after glaucoma filtering surgery. Methods We introduced the following nursing interventions such as accurate and prompt use of atropine eyedrop according to medical orders, local and intravenous administration of antibiotics and glucocorticoid, reasonable arrangement of medication, close monitoring of patients condition and reaction to treatment. In the same time we also supplied psychological nursing and health education. Results After intervention the symptoms disappeared and inflammation was under control, the filtering bleb became clear and anterior chamber exudation was absorbed, the visual acuity improved in 7 patients with 1 exception. The infection diffused and developed to endophthalmitis in this patient resulting in excavation of eyeball because of delaying hospital admission. Conclusion The keys to prevent filtering bleb infection were accurate, prompt and reasonable arrangement of medication according to medical orders and just-in-time adoption of nursing measures.

Background and purpose: Docetaxel plus prednisone chemotherapy can improve the patients' survival for castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Angiogenesis inhibitors can also inhibit the growth of tumor. The curative effect of combined treatment is still not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of docetaxel plus prednisone combined with thalidomide in treating castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients with bone metastasis. Methods:A total number of 78 CRPC patients were selected in Fuzhou General Hospital from Dec. 2008 to Jun. 2015. Seventy-eight patients were divided into two groups: 40 patients in chemotherapy group (docetaxel plus prednisone) and 38 patients in combined treatment group (docetaxel plus prednisone combined with thalidomide). A total number of 78 subjects were evaluated by the effective rate, the remission rate of bone pain, the prostate specific antigen (PSA) progression-free surviv-al, the overall survival and adverse effect. Results: The response rate (65.79%) and the remission rate of bone pain (86.84%) in combined treatment group were both higher than those in chemotherapy group (40.00% and 60.00%, P<0.05). The PSA progression-free survival (4.13 months), progression-free survival (4.25 months) and the overall survival (18.06 months) in combined treatment group were all longer than those in chemotherapy group (3.54, 3.75 and 16.26 months). The PSA pro-gression-free survival was significantly longer in combined treatment group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall survival between two groups (P>0.05). The rates of adverse effects including peripheral neuritis and lethargy in combined treatment group (26.32% and 55.26%) were higher than those in chemotherapy group (5.00% and 17.50%, P<0.05). Conclusion: Thalidomide combined with docetaxel plus prednisone in CRPC patients with bone metastasis can prolong the PSA progression-free survival and overall survival. The adverse effects are mild. It may become a new choice of treatment for CRPC.

Objective To study the effect and safety of ticagrelor on platelet in ＞75 years old patients undergoing PCI.Methods One hundred and twenty ＞75 years old patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI were randomly divided into observation group treated with aspirin+ticagrelor (n =60) and control group treated with aspirin+ clopidogrel (n =60).They were followed up for 1 year after PCI.The major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE),bleeding events,drug-related side effects and all-cause mortality were compared between the two groups.Results No instent thrombosis occurred in any patients,myocardial infarction occurred in 2 patients,angina pectoris occurred in 5 patients and 3 patients died in observation group after 1 year of PCI.Instent thrombosis occurred in 4 patients,myocardial infarction occurred in 3 patients,angina pectoris occurred in 6 patients,and 4 patients died in control group after 1 year of PCI.The incidence of instent thrombosis was significantly lower while that of mild dyspnea was significantly higher in observation group than in control group (0％ vs 6.7％,10.0％ vs 0％,P＜0.05).Conclusion Ticagrelor can effectively prevent instent thrombosis and does not increase the risk of bleeding in ＞75 years old patients after PCI.

To investigate the antitumor activity induced by Ganoderma lucidum spore oil on different tumor cells. Human hepatoma cells(HepG2), human non-small cells lung cancer cells(A549)and human colon cancer cells(HCT116)were selected and tested. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression of NF-κB and Caspase-3 activity in order to elucidate the mechanism of apoptotic activity caused by Ganoderma lucidum spore oil and to screen out the most sensitive cancer cell lines to Ganoderma lucidum spore oil. MTT assay demonstrated that Ganoderma lucidum spore oil had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of three cancer cell lines. Among these cells, A549 cells were most sensitive to Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, followed by HepG2 cells and then by HCT116 cells. The results of Western blot showed that Ganoderma lucidum spore oil could promote the activation of NF-κB pathway, and that the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in cancer cells treated by Ganoderma lucidum spore oil was stronger in A549 cells, HepG2 cells, HCT116 cells respectively. The detection of Caspase-3 activity showed that ganoderma spore oil could activate Caspase-3 dependent apoptosis pathways, which was more important in A549 cells, HepG2 cells and HCT116 cells. This study found that Ganoderma lucidum spore oil had inhibitory effects on A549, HepG2 and HCT116 cells growth and that its antitumor activity was in time-dose dependence. The mechanism may be related to the activation of NF-κB pathway and the Caspase-3 apoptotic pathway, which could accelerate apoptosis and necrosis of tumor cells. Among the three kinds of cancer cells, A549 cells was most sensitive to Ganoderma lucidum spore oil, followed by the HepG2 cells, and then by HCT116 cells.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Huangqisan （HQS） in regulating autophagy to alleviate hepatic steatosis and improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） based on adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway. MethodThe main chemical components and targets of HQS and NAFLD-related targets were collected from database and the intersection targets were used for Gene Ontology （GO） functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis. The protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed， and in vivo experimental verification was conducted. Sixty C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into normal control group （NCD）， model group high-fat diet （HFD）， metformin group （MET， 0.25 g·kg^-1）， low-dose Huangqisan group （HQS-L， 0.5 g·kg^-1）， and the high-dose Huangqisan group （HQS-H， 1 g·kg^-1）， with 12 mice in each group after a one-week acclimatization period. NAFLD model was induced by HFD， and intragastric administration was performed at the same time， once a day for 13 weeks. Random blood glucose， serum total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， non-esterified fatty acid （NEFA）， low density lipoprotein-chdesterol （LDL-C） levels， and liver TG content were determined. The liver weight was weighed， and liver index was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， oil red O staining， transmission electron microscope （TEM）， real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and Western blot were used to verify the effect and reveal the potential mechanism of C57BL/6J mice in vivo. ResultThrough network pharmacology analysis， combined with previous studies， it was predicted that HQS may improve NAFLD by regulating autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. The result of in vivo experiment showed that， as compared with NCD group， random blood glucose， body weight， serum TC， LDL-C， NEFA， liver weight， liver index， and liver TG content of mice in the HFD groups were significantly increased （P<0.01）. HE staining showed massive lipid droplets （LDs） vacuolated， oil red O staining showed lipid accumulation in liver cells， and no obvious autophagosomes and autolysosome were observed under TEM. The relative mRNA expression of LC3A、LC3B、AMPKα1 and protein expression of AMPK， phosphory phosphorylated（p）-AMPK， and p-AMPK/AMPK were significantly down-regulated （P<0.01）， while the protein expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 （LC3）Ⅱ/Ⅰ and p-mTOR was significantly up-regulated （P<0.01）. As compared with HFD groups， liver weight， serum TG， and NEFA levels in HQS-L and HQS-H groups were significantly deceased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. HE staining and oil red O staining showed the improvement of liver pathological changes after HQS administration. Under TEM， a small amount of autophagosome and autolysosome were observed. Besides， liver index was significantly decreased in the HQS-L group （P<0.01）， and random blood glucose， serum TC level and liver TG content were significantly decreased in the HQS-H group （P<0.05）. The results of Western blot and Real-time PCR showed that the mRNA expression of LC3A and LC3B and the protein expression of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ， p-AMPK， and p-AMPK/AMPK were significantly up-regulated （P<0.01）， while the mRNA expressions of p62 and protein expression of p62 and p-mTOR were significantly down-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionHQS may promote autophagy and restore autophagy flux via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway to alleviate hepatic steatosis improving NAFLD.

ObjectiveTo explore the interaction between bruceoside B and gut microbiota and the inhibitory activity of its metabolites on human lung cancer A549 cells， and to explore the value of bruceoside B in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. MethodBruceoside B was co-incubated with the human gut microbiota under anoxic conditions in vitro， and ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS） was used to analyze the metabolic transformation products. Cell counting kit-8（CCK-8） assay was performed to determine the effects of bruceoside B and its metabolites on the proliferation of human lung cancer A549 cells and the half inhibitory concentration（IC₅₀） was calculated. Five healthy male rats were gavaged with bruceoside B（2 mg·kg^-1） for 7 days after adaptive feeding. The feces of rats were collected before and after administration. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to assess gut microbiota. ResultBruceoside B was mainly metabolized to brusatol by human gut microbiota， the IC₅₀ of bruceoside B and the conversion product to A549 cells were 1 755.50， 19.57 μmol·L^-1， respectively， and the conversion product had a better activity at inhibiting A549 cells proliferation than bruceoside B. Additionally， The results of intestinal flora analysis showed no significant differences in α diversity and β diversity of gut microbiota after administration. In terms of species abundance， at the phylum level， bruceoside B decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria， increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes， Patescibacteria and Cyanobacteria. At the genus level， bruceoside B decreased the relative abundance of Staphylococcus， Aerococcus and Psychrobacter， increased the relative abundance of Romboutsia， Lactobacillus， Clostridium sensu stricto 1， Norank-f-norank-o-Clostridia-UCG-014， Turicibacter， Allobaculum and Candidatus Saccharimonas. The results of functional prediction showed that the gut microbiota functional compositions were relatively stable. ConclusionBruceoside B can be deglycosylated by intestinal flora and converted into brusatol， with a significant increase in antitumor activity. The administration of bruceoside B will not cause significant changes in the structure and function of the intestinal flora， resulting in intestinal microecological balance disorders， and the administration appears to be beneficial to the intestinal flora of NSCLC patients.

Aiming at the medical practice problems of the surgical steel medical instruments, such as the crevice corrosion, the poor mechanical compatibility and the Ni, Cr plasma exudation, the laser deposition of Ti-6Al-4V alloy cladding layer at the local functional area as alternative coating was proposed and realized as a new process method. The accurate element content and good formability Ti-6Al-4V cladding powder was chosen, the low power and high duty cycle optimized laser process was adopt, the alternative coating of good fusion and low dilution was prepared. Through the elemental line scanning, the interface microstructure analysis and the experiments of basic mechanical properties, the basic properties of the cladding were characterized and verified. The experiments results showed that, the Ti, Al and V contents of the top coating were respectively about 88%, 4.9% and 3.9%, no sensitizing ions such as Cr and Ni were detected. Initial equiaxed α phase, flake β phase dist were distributed in the coating and interface, the α' martensite was precipitated at the boundary of the flake β phase, some refined granular β phase dispersion pinned to the grain boundary of basket structure. The microhardness of cladding layer was 352.08~312.76 HV_0.1. The friction coefficient of the cladding layer was about 0.22~0.65. A new technology and method reference for improving and upgrading the performance of surgical medical devices is provided by this research.
Alloys ; Corrosion ; Materials Testing ; Steel ; Titanium

Objective: To analyze the change trend of HIV genetic subtypes and compare the first CD₄⁺T cell counts of newly diagnosed HIV infected patients in Liuzhou from 1998 to 2012, and provide a reference for AIDS prevention and control. Methods: Newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients from 1998 to 2012 in Liuzhou were selected through national HIV/ADIS comprehensive response information management system. Their plasma samples were used for RNA gene extraction, amplification, sequencing and genotyping. Coharan-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the ratio trend of genetic subtypes and phylogenetic clusters of HIV and Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test was used to compare the first CD₄⁺T cell counts (CD₄) of the different subtype HIV infected patients. Results: A total of 1 877 newly diagnosed HIV infected patients were included in the study. From 1998 to 2012, the proportions of CRF01_AE and CRF01_AE (Cluster 1) increased from 78.4% (76/97) to 91.5% (1 441/1 574), from 63.9% (62/97) to 74.0% (1 164/1 574), and the proportion of CRF07_BC decreased from 17.5% (17/97) to 4.6% (72/1 574), respectively (Z=4.632, P<0.001; Z=2.455, P=0.014; Z=-5.943, P<0.001). The median and interquartile range of the first CD₄ of the patients infected with subtype CRF01_AE (Cluster 1), CRF01_AE (Cluster 2), CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC were 230 (83-375), 215 (48-351), 365 (254-503) and 334 (206-479) cell/μl, respectively. The first CD₄ levels of the patients infected with subtype CRF01_AE (Cluster 1) or CRF01_AE (Cluster 2) were significantly lower than those of CRF07_BC (Z=-4.795, P<0.001; Z=-4.238, P<0.001). Conclusion The genetic subtypes of HIV were mainly CRF01_AE in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients and this subtype proportion was in increase and the first CD₄ levels of the patients were low in Liuzhou during 1998 to 2012.