Objective:To evaluate the prognostic significance of standard pelvic lymphadenectomy on the disease-free survival (DFS) rate of bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) and to discuss the influencing factors of lymph node positivity and the relationship between positive lymph nodes and lymphadenectasis. Methods:This prospective analysis includes 120 cases of bladder cancer treated with pelvic lymphadenectomy and RC in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between 2008 and 2013. The cases were divided into two groups, namely, the standard pelvic lymphadenectomy group (Group A) and the nonstandard pelvic lymphadenectomy group (Group B). The relationships among positive lymph nodes, lymphadenectasis, tumor stage, and patho-logical grade were retrospectively analyzed. Results:The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of 120 patients were 84%, 69.9%, and 57.9%, respectively. Group A was significantly correlated with a better 3-year overall survival rate than Group B, i.e., 78.4%vs. 46.2%(P<0.05). Lymphadenectasis influenced the DFS rate of bladder cancer patients after RC with pelvic lymphadenectomy, i.e., 50.0%vs. 86.4%(χ2=9.303, P<0.05). Meanwhile, lymphadenectasis was positively correlated with lymph node positivity (P<0.001). Tumor stage, histological subtype (urothelial carcinoma and non-urothelial carcinoma), and age were the prognostic factors for bladder cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion:Intraoperative lymphadenectasis is the influencing factor of lymph node positivity. This study determined that standard pel-vic lymphadenectomy and lymphadenectasis may influence the DFS rate after RC and are the independent risk factors for the prognosis of bladder cancer. Creating evidence-based guidelines of standardized lymphadenectomy for further improvement of the surgical quali-ty and survival of bladder cancer patients is essential.

Objective To discuss the cognition of the nursing disputes in undergraduates and the college nursing students in internship in Changchun and to provide some basis for them to improve the nursing quality in clinic.Methods The investigation was carried out to survey the cognition of the nursing disputes in 266 undergraduates and the college nursing students in internship in Changchun,and the results underwent analysis.Results Most undergraduates and college nursing students held the opinion that at present the relationship between patients and nurses was on a tight rope.94 people accounting for 72.3％ in undergraduate students,89 people accounting for 65.4％ in the college nursing students.Relevant factors which caused nursing disputes were related with the different education backgrounds.Conclusions We should make clear the causes of nursing disputes,and put forward the corresponding proposals according to nursing students with different education degrees.

Objective To investigate the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and PI3K(phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase)/ Protein kinase B(Akt) signal transduction pathways in the mechanism of myocardium remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure(CHF).Methods Thirty nine patients of mitral valve disease with CHF were randomly selected and 30 cases of healthy persons were included as controls.Cardiac function parameters were measured by echocardiography.Concentration of AngⅡ in plasma and myocardial tissues was determined by radio immunoassay.Activity of PKC was determined by using competive prote in binding method,activity of MAPK was detected by the methods of immunoprecitipation.Immunoprecitipation was used to assay the protein expression and phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt(Protein kinase B),protein expression of C-FOS and ?-skeletal-actin in myocardial tissues.Results Pathological changes of myocardial tissues in CHF with valvular heart diseaseshowed typical myocardial remodeling.The hypertrophy was dominant at early stagy of CHF,while at end stage the characteristics include disordered alignament of the myocytes,the discontinuity and dissolving of cardiomyofibrills,destroyed subcellular organs,and the hyperplasia of interstitial tissue.AngⅡ concentration in plasm and myocardial tissues in patients with CHF was higher than those in the control group(P

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in the elderly. Methods The clinical characters of HCM in 70 elderly patients were retrospectively analysed. Results Among the 196 identified HCM patients, 70 were elders. Out of them, 7 patients(10.0%) were suspected as HCM according to the clinical symptoms, 29 patients (41.4%)were suspected as other cardiac diseases, 34 (48.3%) were diagnosed HCM due to other reasons. Among the 70 patients, 12 patients(17.1%) had history of cerebrovascular diseases, 54 (77.1%) manifested symptoms after 45 years of age and 4 (5.7%) showed no obvious symptoms. Among them, 18 patients were examined by UCG for two times and HCM was diagnosed at the second time. Conclusions HCM in the elderly is not an uncommon disease. The onset of cardiac symptoms is relatively late in the elderly HCM and frequently misdiagnosed; cerebrovascular diseases are commonly seen in elderly HCM patients.

Objective To investigate the life quality in infants with food allergy before and after treatment by using of Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire - Parent Form(FAQLQ - PF). Methods The severity of eczema in 46 children with food allergy was determined by eczema area and severity index(EASI). The life quality of such infants was assessed by the FAQLQ - PF after 2 - months treatment. Results (1)Among the 50 subjects,46(92% )respon-ded to the tests;the average age was(4. 78 ± 1. 48)months. Twenty - nine(63. 04% )subjects had family history of allergic disease. Egg(73. 91% )was the most common allergen,followed by cow milk(43. 48% ),fish and shrimp (8. 70% ),and carrot(4. 35% ).(2)The scores of EASI,FAQLQ - PF in children with food allergy before treatment were 13. 20 ± 12. 86 and 2. 12 ± 1. 33,respectively,the scores after treatment declined(2. 02 ± 4. 40 and 1. 33 ± 1. 08, respectively),there was a statistical significance(t = 28. 070,4. 014,all P ﹤ 0. 05).(3)Compared with pre - treat-ment,the scores of emotional impact subscale and food anxiety subscale declined,from 2. 10 ± 1. 47 and 2. 63 ± 1. 83 to 1. 30 ± 1. 09 and 1. 68 ± 1. 37,respectively,and there were statistically significant differences(t = 5. 204,8. 818,all P ﹤ 0. 05).(4)There was a positive correlation between the EASI and FAQLQ - PF scores(ρ = 0. 205,P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusions Food allergy adversely affects the quality of life in infants. The poor life quality is associated with more severe symptoms. The life quality in infants and parents can be improved by standardized treatment.

Objective:To analyze the impact of endophytic extent of renal tumor on the perioperative outcomes after partial ne-phrectomy and evaluate the long-term therapeutic effect of early renal cancer. Methods:A retrospective review was performed for 157 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy of T1N0M0 kidney cancer in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital be-tween January 2011 and December 2013. The patients were classified into two groups according to the distance of the tumor margin to the collective system or renal sinus fat:group A,<1 cm;and group B,≥1 cm. The perioperative outcomes and pathologic types in the two groups were summarized and analyzed. The postoperative complications were recorded and followed up. Results:No statistically significant differences were found in the patients' gender, age, tumor size, recidivist status of Chung Chi, estimated blood loss, postoper-ative hospitalization time, and pathological types between the two groups (P>0.05). The warm ischemia time and operation time were significantly longer in group A than in group B (P=0.001;P=0.033). Postoperative complications occurred in 10 patients. No local tu-mor recurrence or metastasis was observed in the patients during a median follow-up of 18 months. Conclusion:The distance between the tumor margin and the collective system reflects the complexity of partial nephrectomy, which is associated with the warm ischemia time and operation time. Partial nephrectomy is safe and effective. This procedure has low complications and good survival.

Objective To observe morphological characteristics and activity distribution of T. asahii biofilm. Methods The morphological characteristics of T. asahii biofilm were observed under an inverted microscope and scanning electron microscope, and activity was measured and quantitatively analyzed by 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazo-lium hydroxide (XTT) assay and viable count, respectively. Spatial distribution of dead/vital cells, activity and thickness of biofilm at different layers were assessed under a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) following double staining with FDA/PI. Results T. asahii formed a biofilm in vitro on the surface of polystyrene materials. Under a scanning microscope, the biofilm displayed a complex three-dimensional structure which composed of spores, pseudohy-pha and true hypha. As time prolonged, the activity and quantity of biofilm increased. The results of XTT assay were correlated with those of viable count (r = 0.94, P < 0.01). The activity was of no obvious difference between different layers of the biofilm. The thickness of biofilm varied from 14.3 μm to 31 μm. Conclusions The structure of T. asahii biofilm in vitro is more complex than that of planktonic T. asahii. The activity is of no significant difference between different layers of T. asahii biofilm.

Objective To screen, analyze and predict microRNAs (miRNAs) related to systemic scle-roderma (SSc). Methods Differentially expressed miRNAs between tissue samples from 3 patients with SSc and 3 normal human controls were screened with a gene chip including 924 miRNAs. Target genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs were searched with bioinformatics method. Finally, miRNAs related to SSc were predicted. Results There were 24 miRNAs differentially expressed between tissue samples of SSc and normal controls, including 9 up-regulated miRNAs and 15 down-regulated miRNAs. Literature review disclosed that SSc was associated with target genes regulated by hsa-miR-206, has-let-7g, hsa-miR-133a, hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-40-5p and hsa-miR-23b. In particular, 15 target genes regulated by hsa-miR-206 were closely correlated with the pathogenesis of SSc. Conclusions In lesions of SSc, there is an expression of miRNAs related to the pathogenesis of SSc, which may include hsa-miR-206 as well as 5 other miRNAs.

elayed contrast enhanced MRI showed significant different pooled sensitivity in comparison to low-dese dobutamine stress echocardiography.

OBJECTIVE To observe the significance of(1,3)-?-D-glucan in different humor samples on the rat model of systemic trichosporosis.METHODS Established the animal model with systemic infection of trichosporosis,to collect the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),plasma and urine samples for determining,and checked with G-test,nested PCR and fungus culture.RESULTS In the earlier infection(10d),the sensitivity of G-test in the samples of plasma,BALF and urine were 80.00%,86.67%,and 6.67%,respectively,and had significant difference with control group.In the 30 plasma samples,the average sensitivity of G-test and nested-PCR blood fungus culture was 76.76%,68.85%,and 3.33%,respectively.With the statistical analysis,the sensitivity of G-test had significant deviation than fungus culture(P