Objective To discuss the relationship between levels of serum IgA 1 and underglycosylated IgAl and renal function in children with allergic purpura.Methods Fifty-nine children with allergic purpura including 32 cases of renal damage group and 27 cases of non-renal damage group and 12 healthy children as control group were chosen.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum IgA1 and underglycosylated IgA1[the binding capacity of vilsa villosa lectin(VVL) to serum IgA1],children in renal damage group were separated into 3 groups:＜ 0.5 MOM,0.5-1.5 MOM and ＞ 1.5 MOM according to the multiples of the median(MOM) of the level of serum IgA 1 and underglycosylated IgA 1.Serum creatinine (SCr),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum uric acid (SUA) were tested by completely automatic biochemistry analyzer.Results The levels of serum IgA1 and underglycosylated IgA1 in control group [(1.07 ±0.68) g/L,(1.26 ±0.92) AU/mg] were significantly lower than that in renal damage group [(2.26 ± 0.77) g/L,(3.78 ± 0.64) AU/mg] and non-renal damage group [(1.75 ± 0.53) g/L,(2.02 ± 0.76) AU/mg],and there were differences among these groups (P ＜ 0.05).According to MOM of the level of serum IgA1:＜0.5 MOM group(6 cases),0.5-1.5 MOM group(17 cases) and ＞ 1.5 MOM group(9 cases),there was significant difference in the level of serum IgA1 among three groups (P ＜0.01),but there was no significant difference of SCr,BUN and SUA among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).According to MOM of the level of serum underglycoeylated IgA1:＜0.5 MOM group (8 cases),0.5-1.5MOM group (13 cases) and ＞ 1.5 MOM group (11 cases),there was significant difference in the level of serum underglycosylated IgA1,SCr,BUN among three groups (P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant difference of SUA among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the level of serum IgA1 was no correlation with SCr,BUN,SUA (r =2.88,1.44,1.66,P ＞ 0.05);the level of serum underglycosylated IgA1 was positive correlation with SCr,BUN(r =1.12,1.99,P＜ 0.05),but no correlation with SUA(r =2.88,P＞ 0.05).Conclusions The level of serum IgA1 can't reflect the degree of impairment of kidney damage,underglycosylated IgA1 level is significantly positively correlated with the renal function.There are more severe degree of renal function damage in the higher underglycosylated IgA1 level in children with allergic purpura.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect, side-effect and safety of uterine artery embolization of hysteromyoma with pinyangmycin and lipiodol emulsion. Methods Embolization carried out selectively through uterine artery with pinyangmycin and lipiodol emulsion of 158 hysteromyoma was followed up for 3-18 months with observation of the size of hysteromyoma, the change of corpus uteri and the degree of reactions. Results All cases were embolized successfully including 150 cases of bilateral and 8 cases of unilateral uterine arterial embolization. The appearance of uterine arteries showed obvious arterial enlargement with spiral hypervasculature, tumor staining and prolonged opacification. Six patients underwent hysteroectomy 1 week after the embolization. The specimens demonstrated flaky necrosis with small bloody specks under pathologic examination. The alleviation rate of symptoms were 90.5% with recovery of normal menstrual cycle as 89.4%. The compressive symptoms of hypogastric pain and abdominal distention disasppeared in 91.3%. The reduction in size of hysteromyoma and corpus utei were 80% and 48% on average respectively. Conclusion The primary results demonstrates that uterine artery embolization of hysteromyoma is safe and effective, with low complication rate and more advantage over surgical approach.

BACKGROUND:Silk fibroin, chitosan, and nano hydroxyapatite are natural materials, and they al have good biological activity and physical or chemical properties. As tissue engineering materials, they have been already widely used in clinic or research work, but there are some defects in the application of these three kinds of materials. OBJECTIVE:To discuss the preparation and characteristics of silk fibroin/chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite complicated scaffolds which could be used in bone tissue engineering. METHODS:Silk fibroin, chitosan, and nano hydroxyapatite were separately prepared into 2%solution, and then mixed at the ratio of 1:1:0.5, 1:1:1, 1:1:1.5 respectively. The three-dimensional complicated scaffolds were prepared by those mixed liquids through repeated freeze drying and chemical crosslinking technology. Scanning electron microscope was used to detect the pore size of the scaffolds. Porosity, water absorption rate, and hot-water loss rate were determined. Mechanical tester was used to measure the tensile and compressive modulus of dried three-dimensional scaffolds. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The silk fibroin/chitosan/nano hydroxyapatite complicated scaffold in the dry state had no special smel , appeared to be a stabilized solid cylinder, and exhibited clear resiliency and flexibility with a touch. With the increased content of nano hydroxyapatite, the porosity, water absorption rate and average pore size of the scaffolds appeared to be decreased, while the hot-water loss rate and compressive strength were increased. The scaffold prepared at 1:1:1 was better for bone tissue engineering, and the average pore size, water absorption rate and hot-water loss rate were 85.67 μm, (135.65±4.56)%and (22.84±1.06)%, respectively, closer to the needs of the bone tissue engineering. Uniform pores were found within the scaffold at 1:1:1, showing the network structure, developed transport among pores, and the network structure was approximately 10μm.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of restoration of cartilage defect with silk fibrin/chitosan(SF-CS)biological scaffold compound by induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)in the elderly rabbits.Methods BMSCs were extracted,cultured and induced to differentiate,then inoculated into SF-CS three-dimensional scaffold restoration.54 rabbits(aged 16-18months)were divided into scaffold restoration,single scaffold and control groups(n=18 per group).The right knee joint was used for building cartilage defect model and implanted by scaffolds.General observation,tissue staining and modified Wakitani histological scoring were performed at 4,8 and 12weeks after operation.Results SF-CS scaffold was structured by multiple interlinked pores.The average pore size was 151.72 μm.The porosity was(92.72±4.78)％.The imbibition rate was (141.10± 6.87)％.BMSCs was grown well and proliferated dynamically in SF-CS scaffold after induction.At 12 weeks,the cartilage defect was basically repaired,type Ⅱ collagen was positively expressed and the scaffold was almost assimilated in scaffold restoration group.In single scaffold group,the cartilage defect was repaired mainly by fiber tissue,type Ⅱ collagen was less expressed and the scaffold almost degraded while the cartilage defect was repaired badly in control group.The scaffold restoration group was superior to single scaffold and control groups(P＜0.05)in improving the Wakitani score.Conclusions The SF-CS scaffold as BMSCs carrier may restore cartilage defect in knee joint of the elderly rabbits.

Aim To express and purify a new sub-type of interferon α , α 1c in E.coli. Methods To establish a brief protocol for expression and purification of IFN-α 1c. In vitro assay for the IFN activity is required for the measurement of antiviral, antiproliferative and immunoregulatory properties. Results Expression of IFN-α 1c was verified by its reactivity to IFN-α 1-specific neutralizing antibodies by ELISA. Western blot also detected a band with relative molecular mass(Mr) of 19 000. IFN-α 1c possessed antiviral biological activity(3.2× 107) higher than IFN-α 1b(1.0× 107～ 1.8× 107) did on VSV challenged WISH cells. IFN-α 1c also inhibited growth rate of A549 comparable to IFN-α 1b. IFN-α 1c as an immunologic effector also augmented the cytotoxic activity of NK cells. Conclusion These results demonstrate that IFN-α 1c can be successfully expressed in E.coli. This interferon with high bioactivity may be a good candidate for clinical use.

Objective To evaluate the outcome and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) versus endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the management of esophageal mucosal lesion.Methods The clinical data of 70 patients with esophageal mucosal lesion were analyzed.Twenty-five patients were treated by ESD (ESD group) and 45 patients were treated by EMR (EMR group).The enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate,operation time,complication and recurrence rate were compared between two groups.Results The enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate in ESD group were significantly higher than those in EMR group [60.0％(15/25) vs.48.9％(22/45),48.0％(12/25) vs.40.0％ (18/45)] (P ＜0.05).The local recurrence rate in ESD group was lower than that in EMR group [4.0％ (1/25) vs.20.0％ (9/45)] (P ＜ 0.05).The severe complication such as delayed hemorrhage,perforation,stenosis between two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The operation time in ESD group was (64.3 ±27.1) min,and significantly longer than that in EMR group [(27.6 ± 14.1) min] (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Compare with EMR,ESD has better enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate,and lower recurrence rate.It is more safe and effective in the therapy of esophageal mucosal disease.

BACKGROUND:Poly lactic acid as an excellent delivery has good biocompatibility.
OBJECTIVE:To prepare recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)/poly lactic acid (PLA) sustained release microspheres, and to study its physical and chemical properties.
METHODS:The rhBMP-2/PLA sustained release microspheres were prepared using w/o/w solvent evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy, laser particle size, zeta potential, and swel ing properties were detected. ELISA kit was utilized for measurement of encapsulation efficiency, drug-loading rate and in vitro drug release rate.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the scanning electron microscope, rhBMP-2/PLA sustained release microspheres were approximately circle with excellent dispersion. The uniform spheres were visible with a mean particle size of 839.6 nm. The zeta potential were (-32.93±3.74) mV. The swel ing coefficient was 1.157±0.059. The drug-loading rate and encapsulation efficiency of rhBMP-2/PLA sustained release microspheres were (88.943±2.878)%and (0.026±0.001)%respectively. The drug release rate at 1 day was about 10.199%, then the drug release was relatively constant, and til 19 days, the cumulative drug release rate was 54.643%. These findings indicate that the constructed rhBMP-2/PLA sustained release microspheres meet the requirement of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (10th edition) that the encapsulation efficiency is not less than 80%and the microspheres have a good slow-release function in vitro.

Aim To study clinical efficacy of valsartan,in comparison with amlodipine, in hypertentive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. Methods 65 hypertentive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy is divided into two groups, with 33 cases in valsartan group and 32 cases in amlodipine group Valsartan 80～160mg and amlodipine 5～ 10 mg were taken by the patients in the two groups for 6 months respectively. 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ( 24 h ABPM) and color echocardiography were performed in the two groups before and after treatment. Results The parameters of 24 h ABPM ( 24 h SBP? 24 h DBP?dSBP?dDBP?nSBP?nDBP) and color echocardiography (IVST?PWT?LVMI)after treatment in the two groups were significant decreased compared with those before treatment respectively (P0.05). Conclusion Valsartan can lower significantly the blood pressure level and make left ventricular hypertrophy remarkably dispelled in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and has the effect similar to that of amlodipine.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of prostate sarcoma. Methods19 cases of prostate sarcoma had been treated in our hospital from Oct 1995 to Sep 2010,aged from 16 to 48 years (mean,36 years).They were hospitalized due to different degrees of difficulty in urination,6 cases with bladder irritation,3 cases with gross hematuria,3 cases with blood clots in urination,3 cases with difficult defecation,2 cases with urinary tract infection,and 1 case with low back pain.Digital rectal examination showed prostate volume increased significantly in 16 cases,of which 6 cases prominent into bladder,and 3 cases touched hard nodules and tenderness.B ultrasound examination showed prostate neoplasms with internal echo uneven.Pelvic MRI in 12 cases indicated irregular soft tissue density in prostate with unclear edge,a high-low mixed signal inside,and mass protruding outward,among which 7 cases with significantly enlarged prostates and unclear bladder boundaries,6 cases with unclear boundaries with rectum,and 1 case with solid and cystic change. Pelvic CT in 10 cases showed irregular prostate tumors,among which 5 cases with tumor violation of bilateral seminal vesicle,2 cases with tumor invasion of unilateral seminal vesicle,and 3 cases with lymph node enlargement.Chest X-ray in 2 cases showed widespread metastatic lung. Results Different treatments were used according to different conditions:6 cases with full cystoprostatectomy,8 cases with radical prostatectomy,1 case with skin routine ureter fistulization and rectal fistulization,1 case with bladder fistulization,1 case with chemotherapy after prostate biopsy,and 2 cases with prostate biopsy alone. Pathological diagnosis showed 6 cases of leiomyosarcoma,6 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma,2 cases of malignant mesenchymal tumor,1 case of phyllodes sarcoma,1 case of granulocytic sarcoma,1 case of phyllodes sarcoma,1 case of malignant fibrous tissue sarcoma,and 1 case of poorly differentiated muscle induced sarcoma. Immunohistochemical examination in 19 cases of paraffin specimens stained with SP showed vimentin was positive,smooth muscle actin and myoglobin in leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were positive respectively,and desmin in two kinds of afore-mentioned sarcoma expressed in different level.CD117 and S-100 were weakly positive in 1 patient with undifferentiated component and 1 patient with liposarcoma of the malignant mesenchymoma.Peroxidase was positive in granulocytic sarcoma,p63 was positive in lobulated sarcoma,and CD34 was positive in malignant fibrous histiocytoma.14 patients were given chemotherapy,among which 6 cases were combined with radiotherapy.19 cases were followed up for 4 -30 months (mean 13 months).4 patients survived for 24 -30 months without recurrence,while 15 cases died within 18 months after diagnosis. Conclusions The prostate sarcoma is a clinically rare malignant tumor with high degree of malignancy and unspecific clinical manifestations.The diagnosis relies on biopsy and immunohistochemistry,and early diagnosis and radical surgical excision are helpful for increasing survival rate.

Objective To assess the feasibility and clinical efficiency of laparoscopic Madigan enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with large prostate.Methods From Nov.2008 to Jan.2010,24 eases of BPH patients with large prostate ( ＞90 g) were treated in our institute by laparoscopic Madigan enucleation.The average patient's age was 65.2 yrs,the average prostate weight were 132.3 ± 21.9 g,preoperative residual urine was 143.2 ± 23.2 ml,average IPSS was 28.6 ± 3.8,average QOL was 5.5 ± 2.4 and average MFR was 5.4 ± 2.3 ml/s.All patients accepted the laparoscopic Madigan enucleation of the prostate.The pre-surgery and three months post-operative IPSS,QOL,and MFR were compared and analyzed.Results All 24 patients successfully completed the surgery.The resected prostate tissue weight was 104.7 ± 23.3 g,blood loss was 112.5 ± 47.8 ml,postoperative hospital stay was 3.5 ± 0.8 d,bladder irrigation time was 1.3 ± 0.9 d,drainage time was 2.3 ± 0.5 d and catheterization time was 3.1 ±0.4 d.Three months after surgery,patient's IPSS was 4.5 ± 1.8,QOL was 19.9 ±3.1,and MFR was 18.5 ±2.9 ml/s.All the parameters significantly improved compared with the pre-surgery data ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Laparoscopic Madigan enucleation of the prostate is a safe and effective method in the treatment of BPH with large prostate volume.