Objective To evaluate the change and clinical significance of serum procalcitonin(PCT)and C-reactive protein(CRP)in patients with septic shock. Methods Patients with severe infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital between January 2013 and June 2015 were selected. According to the extent of infection,patients were divided into septic shock group (n= 66,subdivided into survival group [n= 50]and death group[n= 16]according to 1-month survival)and severe sepsis group (n= 62),control group were patients without septic shock during the same hospitalization period,serum PCT,CRP,and WBC levels in each group at different times before and after treatment were compared. Results In septic shock group,serum PCT,CRP and WBC levels before treatment,after 1,3,and 7 days of treatment were all significantly higher than control group;in severe septic shock group,serum PCT and CRP levels after 1 ,3 ,and 7 days of treatment were all significantly higher than control group;in death group,serum PCT levels after 1,3,and 7 days of treatment were all significantly higher than survival group,CRP levels after 3 and 7 days of treatment were both significantly higher than survival group(all P<0.05). Receiver op-erating characteristic (ROC)curves showed that area under the curve (AUC)and 95% CI of PCT,CRP,and WBC were 0.786(0.703-0.864),0.754(0.691-0.827),and 0.603(0.542-0.679)respectively. Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum PCT and CRP in patients with septic shock before treatment,after 7 days of treatment were positively correlated([r= 0.596,P= 0.004],[r= 0.523,P= 0.012],respectively),and after 7 days of treat-ment,serum PCT was positively correlated with WBC(r= 0.604,P= 0.001 ). Conclusion PCT can be used as a indicator in early diagnosis of patients with septic shock,and dynamic observation of PCT and CRP has important significance in evaluating patients'severity and prognosis.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Tremor ; therapy

Objective To explore the effects of osteoblasts on the recovery of hematopoiesis and angiogenesis in acute irradiation injury mice.Methods The femurs of 18 male BALB/c mice were used to prepare the bone marrow osteoblasts, and the rest mice were divided into 3 groups as normal group, saline group and osteoblast group.The mice in normal group received no treatment, and the other two groups were received 6.0 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation.After irradiation each mouse of osteoblast group was administered with 2 × 106 osteoblasts through tail vein injection, and equal volume saline was given to each mouse of saline group by the same way.The following factors were measured at 7, 14, 21 d after irradiation, they were the counts of peripheral blood cells and bone marrow mononuclear cells ( BMMNC ) , the percentage of CD34 + cells in BMMNC, the histology changes and micro vascular density (MVD) of bone marrow tissue.Results The counts of peripheral blood cells, BMMNC and hematopoietic tissue area in osteoblast group were higher than those in saline group.The percentage of CD34 + cells in BMMNC and the MVD of bone marrow in osteoblast group were also higher than those in saline group at 7, 14, 21 d after irradiation ( t = 2.46 - 64.51, P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Osteoblasts could significantly promote the recovery of hematopoiesis and angiogenesis in mice after acute irradiation injury.

Objective To study the effect of Dachengqi decoction on expression of triggering receptor on myeloid cell 1(TREM-1)in septic rats in order to further provide a theoretical basis concerning the mechanism of this decoction for treatment of sepsis. Methods 100 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal control,sham operation,sepsis model,low-dose and high-dose Dachengqi decoction groups (each,n=20). The sepsis models were reproduced by cecal ligated perforation(CLP). The low-dose and high-dose Dachengqi decoction groups were lavaged separately by low dose(5 mL/kg)and normal dose(10 mL/kg)Dachengqi decoction at 2 hours before CLP and after CLP twice per day(interval 8 hours),and the other three groups were lavaged with 10 mL/kg normal saline. Five rats in each group were killed randomly at the time points of 6,12,24,48 hours after CLP;the abdominal aorta blood and the liver tissue were collected. The plasma levels of TREM-1,interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression level of TREM-1 mRNA in the liver was measured by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Compared with normal control group and sham operation group, the plasma levels of TREM-1, IL-6, TNF-α and the expression of liver TREM-1 mRNA were increased significantly in model group. Compared with model group,the above indexes in low-dose and high-dose Dachengqi decoction groups were reduced obviously,the changes being more marked in the high-dose group;the levels of TREM-1,IL-6 at 6 hours after operation and the levels of TNF-αand TREM-1 mRNA at 24 hours after operation in high-dose group were lower than those of low-dose group〔6 hours TREM-1(ng/L):179.19±4.43 vs. 213.86±2.84,6 hours IL-6 (ng/L):136.80±7.70 vs. 162.90±3.87;24 hours TNF-α(ng/L):71.61±5.07 vs. 108.53±6.29,24 hours TREM-1 mRNA:24.33±3.16 vs. 27.22±3.34,all P<0.05〕. Conclusion The partial mechanism of the efficacy of Dachengqi decoction for treatment of sepsis was probably related to the inhibition of TREM-1 expression.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize spray drying process for the raw fruits extract of Psidium guajava. METHODS:Based on single factor,the response surface method was designed to optimize spray drying process condition,using extract rate as index and mass concentration,sampling temperature and sampling speed as factors. The contents and transport rate of total flavones and total polyphenol were determined in each step. RESULTS:The optimal process was as follows as mass concentration of 100 g/L, sampling temperature of 170 ℃,sampling speed of 180 ml/h. Under this condition,the yield of 3 batches of product was(56.08± 0.58)%(RSD=1.04%,n=3). The difference value between test value and predict value was 0.25,without significant difference (P>0.05). The powder of the raw fruits of P. guajava had high contents of total flavones [(17.80 ± 0.09)%] and total polyphenol [(1.23 ± 0.06)%]. The transport rates of them were 87.7% and 25.7%. CONCLUSIONS:Optimized process is feasible to obtain qualified product,and can be used to make medicinal solid preparation.

Objective To investigate the response of mesenchymal stem cells in mice to mediumdose X-ray irradiation in vitro.Methods The mouse mesenchymal stem cell line C3H10T1/2 was submitted to 3.5 Gy X-ray irradiation.Hoechst33258 staining of adherent cells and Annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry analysis of suspension cells were performed respectively to assess cellular apoptosis at 3,6,12,24,48,72 h and 1 week after irradiation.SA-β-gal staining was performed to analyze the cellular senescence at 24,48,72 h and 1 week after irradiation.The mRNA level of both Fas with its ligand FasL and p53 with its downstream target p21 WAF1 were measured by Real-Time PCR analysis.The expression of Fas protein was determined by immunofluorescence staining.Results An increased apoptosis was observed at 3 h after irradiation with apoptosis rate 11.72％ ± 1.61％ ( t =9.01,P ＜0.01 ),the apoptosis rate reached the peak level at 12 h 20.52％ ± 1.96％ (t =16.27,P ＜ 0.01 ),and then declined progressively to normal level at 48 h 4.93％ ±0.46％ (t =2.26,P ＞0.05).The SA-β-gal positive rate of post-radiation cells at 72 h was 53.33％ ± 5.62％,significantly higher than that of normal control 3.24％ ± 0.39％ (t =17.77,P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of Fas,FasL mRNA was found to be elevated 3 h after irradiation with a peak at 12 h,and no differences were found l week later.The level of Fas protein was observed to reach the peak at 12 h after irradiation.The occurrence of peak level of Fas/FasL mRNA and protein was consistent with that of apoptosis of C3H10T1/2 cell.A transient up-regulation of p53,p21 WAF1 mRNA expression was found at 12 h after irradiation followed by a significant increase later at 72 h after irradiation.The occurrence of the two peaks of p53,p21WAF1 mRNA expression were coincident with that of cellular apoptosis and senescence,respectively.The levels of p53,p21WAF1 mRNA in senescence group were significantly higher than those of apoptosis group ( t =17.85,13.36,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The MSC cell line C3H10T1/2 was sensitive to medium-dose X-ray irradiation.Cell apoptosis occurred immediately after irradiation and cellular senescence happened at advanced stage.Both Fas/FasL and p53/p21 WAF1 signal pathway mediate the injury of C3H10T1/2 cell to medium-dose X-ray irradiation exposure.

Yunnan sudden death syndrome (YSDS) is an abruptly fatal disease of unknown etiology, found mostly in central or northwestern mountain area (with altitude between 1 815 and 2 225 meters ) of Yunnan province from June to September every year. It occurs mostly in young female adults, with high incidences in Lisu, Yi and Miao ethnics and high familial aggregation. The clinical manifestation of YSDS is changeful and the pathological characteristic is lack of specificity. The pathogenesis may be at-tributed to several factors including poor hygiene and lower socioeconomic conditions, lack of Selenium or Chromium, infection of Coxsackie B virus, mushroom consumption and special geological conditions. This article reviews the epidemiologic features, clinical manifestations, pathological features, etiology and hypothesis in order to provide clues for the research of YSDS.

Objective To explore the relationship of the expression, regulation and adhesion of PTA1 in pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH). Methods The expression,regulation and adhesion of PTA1 on vascular en- dothelial cells incubated by sera from 10 PIH patients and 10 normal pregnant women repectively was detected by flow cytometry. Results The positive rate of PTA1 15.51% (24h) and 6.32 % (48h) in PIH group is significantly higher than that 7.81% (24h) and 4.72 % (48h) in normal pregnant woman group( P < 0.01 ). After the incubation with platelets,the positive rate of PTA1 6.64% (24h) and 4.13% (48h) in PIH group is lower than before(P< 0.05). The PTA1 expression 8.11% (24h) and 4.28% (48h) in PIH group is much lower after blocking with PTA1/IgG than that before(P < 0.01 ). Conclusion There are some abnormal stimulated factors in PIH patients, which activate vascular endothelial cells. PTA1 plays an important role in the adhesion of platelets to vascular en- dothelial cells, PTA1 is closely related to the progress of PIH which indicates that PTA1 directly or indirectly takes part in the pathophysiologic consequences of PIH.

Objective To investigate the effect of a novel lymphotoxin with selectively binding to p55 tumor necrosis factor receptor (p55TNFR) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats in order to explore the mechanism.Methods A total of 40 SD rats were randomly (random number) assigned into four groups (n =10 in each),namely sham operation group (group A),I/R group (group B),wild type rhLTα treatment group (group C),and p55TNFR selective rhLTα (rhLTα-Q107E) treatment group (group D).After I/R model rats were established,various therapeutic agents or saline were given by continuous intravenous infusion for 24 h via a micropump.After 24 hours of treatment,serum myocardial zymogram,such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK),as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined.Myocardial infarction size (MIS) was measured by nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) staining.Results Compared to sham operation group,MIS,AST,LDH,CK,MDA were increased,while the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased.However,all the effects were significantly reversed by treatment with rhLTα-Q107E (P ＜ 0.05) but not rhLTα (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The rhLTα-Q107E plays a role in the protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by the mechanism of scavenging oxygen free radicals and increasing the activity of endogenous antioxidant system.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristic of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-1-positive bacteria in China and explore its mechanism of drug-resistance.Methods The published papers from 2010 to 2015 about domestic blaNDM-1 were collected and analyzed according to the bacteria species,regional distribution,NDM-1-positive bacteria,infectious source,drug-resistance spectra and transfer mechanism.Results NDM-1-positive bacteria were isola-ted from 25 provinces (municipalities)in China,Guangdong Province was predominant and accounted for 39.49%(P <0.05).The number of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae were predominant in the NDM-1-positive bacteria (P <0.05).Number of patients under the age of ten and among 60 -80 years which infected by NDM-1-positive bacteria were predominant of all the reported patients(P <0.05).The most kinds of samples and diseases were sputum sample (P <0.05)and pulmonary diseases(P <0.05).NDM-1-positive bacteria which found in China had the lowest resistance to amikacin and tigecycline accounted for 7.69% and 2.33%(P <0.05).Conclusion Antibiotic resistant bacteria with NDM-1 resistant gene have become a global public health problem,and significant difference among age,districts and sources,which need active surveillance and more studies to find how it happens and epidemic in the future.