Objective: To evaluate the initial pain and influential factors in orthodontic treatment by VAS(visual analogue scales),and explore the way to alleviate the pain. Methods:107 subjects(47 male and 60 female) were selected. Following insertion of the first archwire (0.36 mm Chinese NiTi wire), visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to record the severity of pain at 4,12,24 h and on day 3,5,7. All the subjects were randomly divided into two groups by ligature with elastomeric rings (in 51 patients) or stainless steel wires (in 56 patients).In all the 107 patients, 30 people need to extract their tooth for relieving crowding while the other 77 were non-extraction cases. Results:No significant differences of pain were found between elastomeric rings ligature cases and stainless steel wires ligature cases at each stage; as well as between extraction and non-extraction cases. But the adults perceived more pain than the adolescents. Patients who were asked to chew gum or to do something (watching TV or listening to music) for distraction perceived less pain.The differences were statistically significant between different groups. Conclusion:The orthodontist should make a good communication with patient about initial pain before the orthodontic treatment, especially for adults.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of intravenous administration of amiodarone on postoperative heart failure and ventricular arrhythmia.METHODS:A total of 42 postoperative heart failure patients with ventricular tachycardia and multi-source ventricular premature beat were treated with lidocaine,but clinical efficacy was not obtained.Those patients received intravenous administration of diluted amiodarome 150 mg.After 30 minutes the dose of amiodarone was kept at 0.5～1.0 mg?min-1,and the total dosage ranged from 1 000 mg to 1 200 mg within 24 h.Clinical symptoms were recorded in every hour,such as cardiac rhythm,heart rate,blood pressure,heart failure.RESULTS:After 24 h of treatment,17 cases of ventricular arrhythmia had apparent effect(40%),20 cases of partial effect(47%),5 cases of no effect(12%),there were statistical significance in difference before and after treatment(P

Review and analysis of the medical service provision for Beijing Olympic Games by Peking Union Medical College Hospital has contributed to the following experiences: Building of a general coordination center, emphasis to key persons, key timing, and key steps, development and implementation of contingency plans, and hardware preparations in advance among others. These experiences will be highly inspirational for provision of international medical services and large medical assurance tasks.

Aim To investigate the roles of p53-dependent signaling pathways in the process of ginsenoside Rg1 protection against 8-methoxypsoralen(8-MOP) and subsequent ultraviolet A(UVA) irradiation induced photoaging model in human dermal fibroblasts(HDFs).Methods Photoaging model was established by 8-MOP/UVA in skin HDFs.Flow cytometry, enzyme cytochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot were employed.Results Pretreatment with ginsenoside Rg1 could significantly reduce the amount of UVA-generated 8-oxo-dG and relieve the photoaging representation.Compared with 8-MOP/UVA treatment group, pretreatment with Ginsenoside Rg1 could decrease the expression of SA β-galatosides(SA-β-Gal), and down-regulate the level of senescence associated proteins(p16 and p21).Conclusions Ginsenoside Rg1 has prominent dose-dependent antagonism on senescence of skin HDFs induced by 8-MOP/UVA, and its mechanism may be due to its antioxidation which reduces the production of photoproducts to protect telomere against abnormal shortening.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of repeated sintering on the color and translucency of dental lithium disilicate-based glass ceramic.

METHODSThirty disc specimens (10 mm in diameter, and 1.00 mm ± 0.01 mm in thickness) were fabricated using an IPS e.max Press HT A2 ingot and then randomly divided into six groups (SO, S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5) (n = 5). Each group was sintered 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 times individually according to the manufacturer's recommendation. After polishing, ultrasonic cleaning, and drying, the color parameters (L*, a*, and b* values) and transmittance (τ) of all the specimens were measured using a ShadeEye NCC dental colorimeter and a TM-2 spectrophotometer, respectively. Subsequently, C*ab and ΔE were calculated. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software for ANOVA and LSD.

RESULTSAfter repeated sintering, the L* value significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the a*, b*, and C*ab values initially increased and then decreased (P < 0.05). The color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) and the C*ab values of group S3 were higher than those of the other groups. The τ values initially increased and then decreased (P < 0.05), and these values were optimal when sintered twice. In terms of transmittance (τ), statistical differences existed between the following groups: S0 and S2, S0 and S3,.S2 and S5, and S3 and S5 (P < 0.05). Compared with group S0, the color differences ΔE were 0.89 minimally and 2.01 maximally after different sintering times, which can be clinically acceptable.

CONCLUSIONRepeated sintering can affect the color and translucency of the IPS e.max Press lithium disilicate-based glass ceramic, but the color difference can be clinically acceptable.

Objective: To establish a method for the content determination of naringin and neohesperidin in Weitong pills.Methods: An HPLC method was adopted.The determination was performed on an Agilent TC-C18 column with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water(20∶80)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 283nm.The column temperature was 30 ℃.Results: Naringin and neohesperidin respectively within the concentration range of 0.027-4.552 μg (r=0.999 9) and 0.029-4.016 μg(r=0.999 8) had good linear relationship with the peak area, the average recovery was 102.19% and 103.60%,and the RSD was 2.88% and 1.79%(n=9), respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple,accurate and reproducible, and suitable for the content determination of naringin and neohesperidin in Weitong pills.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported malaria reported in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015,so as to provide the evidence for improving the imported malaria control strategies. Methods The epi-demiological data of overseas imported malaria cases were collected and analyzed descriptively for the species,original coun-tries,diagnosis and treatment in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015. Results A total of 148 overseas imported malaria cases were reported in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015,in which 96(65.54%)cases were falciparum malaria,and 37(24.32%) cases were vivax malaria;125(84.46%)cases were infected in Africa,and the rest of 23(15.54%)cases were infected in Southeast Asia. Most of the patients were 30 to 50 years old male workmen,and the ratio of male to female was 11.42:1. There was no obvious seasonal distribution among the reported timelines of the cases;however,there were two small peaks from June to August and from January to February. The median interval time of imported malaria cases from malaria onset to see a doctor was 1 day and from seeing the doctor to get malaria diagnosis was 2 days. The patients'first selected institutions were county medical institutions(50 cases,33.78%),then provincial medical institutions(36 cases,24.325%)and private doctors(20 cases,13.51%),and only 79(53.38%)patients got malaria diagnoses in their first selected institutions. The standard treatment were provided to 142(95.54%)cases. There were 43(29.05%)patients had serious complications and three patients were dead. Conclusion It is very important to enhance the multi-sector's collaboration to establish the collaborative investigation mechanism for screening malaria patients,and strengthen malaria health education for overseas workers and training courses in primary care medical institutions.

Objective To explore the association of osteoporosis with blood pressure variability in elderly patients with hypertension complicated by osteoporosis, as well as its mechanisms. Methods A total of 189 elderly patients with hypertension were selected. According to the diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis, the patients were divided into three groups. 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and IL-6 were detected in all the patients, and then compared among different groups. Results For the three group, there were statistical differences in levels of IL-6 and blood pressure variability (P < 0.05). Blood pressure variability was negatively correlated with BMD (P < 0.05). 3. IL-6 was positively related with blood pressure variability (P < 0.05), but had a negative correlation with BMD (P < 0.01). IL-6 had significant statistical differences among different sexes (P < 0.01). Conclusions Osteoporosis is closely associated with blood pressure variability in the elderly patients. IL-6 and blood pressure variability may play a synergistic role in the process of osteoporosis; and IL-6 may be a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis in women.

Data were gathered from epidemiological survey of Xinjiang Hetian area in 2008 and 2 228 subjects were included.Waist-height ratio (WHtR),body mass index (BMI),Waist-hip ratio (WHpR) were calculated.Kappa test was applied to determine the concordance among different methods.The results showed that according to International Diabetes Federation 2005 diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome,it was better to apply WHtR in predicting metabolic syndrome by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve than BMI,abdominal circumference,and WHpR.When the cutoff of WHtR was 0.53,the sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing MS were 91.2％ and 71.8 ％,with its area under ROC curve 0.878.Kappa test showed an intensive concordance between WHtR and waist circumference (WC).The specificity and sensitivity of diagnosing MS would be significantly raised by using both WHtR and WC.

Objective: The BCR-ABL fusion gene induced by reciprocal translocation of t (9; 22) (q34; q11) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Using recombinant ade-noviruses carrying the N-terminal oligomerizaton domain (OD) of the BCR/ABL and chimeric ubiquitin ligase β-TrCP, this study was to investigate the effect of the targeted degradation of oncoprotein BCR-ABL by Ubiqui- tin-Proteasome System on the proliferation of leukemia call line K562. Methods: The recombinant adenovirus-es carrying wild-type β-TrCP gene (Ad5β-TrCP-OD-HA), mutational β-TrCP gene (Ad5 A F-TrCP-OD-HA)and green fluorescent protein gene (Ad5GFP)were amplified in 293 calls and co-infected into K562 cells respec- tively. The rates of infection were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Recombinant protein and BCR-ABL ex-pression was detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation was determined by cell counting and methylcellu- cose clonal cell culture. Cell cycle was observed through FCM. Untreated K562 cells were used as blank con-trols. Result: The leukemia K562 cell lines with exogenous recombinant β-TrCP-OD-HA and F-TrCP-OD-HA gene were established. The infection rates in the three groups were over 66.4% and recombinant protein sus-tained to be expressed. Ad5β-TrCP-OD-HA down-regulated the expression of BCR-ABL and inhibited prolifer-ation of K562 cells. FCM showed that the percentage of cells at S phase was decreased to 10.88%±2.42%, while that of cells at G_0/G_1 was increased to 85.6%±5.61%, with a significant difference (P<0.05). No changes were found in the cell cycle in groups of Ad5 △ F-TrCP-OD-HA and Ad5GFP. Conclusion: There is sustained ex-pression of recombinant β-TrCP-OD-HA protein in K562 cells infected by recombinant adenovirus.β-TrCP-OD-HA could inhibit the proliferation and clonogenicity of K562 cells through targeted degradation of oncoprotein BCR-ABL and arresting the progression of call cycle.