OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to analyze the bone anatomy of edentulous sites in the posterior maxillary by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

METHODSA total of 100 CBCT radiographs from patients with missing maxillary posterior teeth were obtained, resulting in a sample size of 217 edentulous sites. The width and height of edentulous were assessed by three-dimensional reconstruction. In addition, the angle A and morphology of the maxillary sinus walls were evaluated.

RESULTSThe mean bone height was 9.53 mm, and the percentage of sites than 10 mm was 62.67% (136/217). The mean bone width was 9.30 mm, and the percentage of sites more than 6 mm was 91.71% (199/217). The bone height decreased from premolar to molar areas, but the opposite trend was observed in bone width. Regarding the morphology of the sinus floor, 64.52% exhibited an oblique configuration. In angle A, the group of less than 30° was 10.14%, 30°-60° was 42.40%, and greater than 60° was 47.47%.

CONCLUSIONA high percentage of edentulous sites in the posterior maxillary requires sinus floor elevation to allow the placement of dental implants. Thus, the use of CBCT scans is recommended to evaluate the anatomical structure of the maxillary sinus for reasonable implant planning.

Bicuspid ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Implants ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Mouth, Edentulous ; Sinus Floor Augmentation ; Tooth Loss

Objective To investigate the incidence,correlative factors and prevention of perimenopausal symptoms.Methods 146 perimenopausal women were investigated by using Kupperman menopausal index(KMI),life event scale,improved social support scale and self-made inventory.Results We got 112 available data,the incidence of perimenopausal symptoms was 75.0%,58.0%was mild,15.2%was moderate,1.8%was sevcre.The main correlative factors of perimenopausal symptoms were inhabited environment,self emotional controllability,history of gynecologic diseases,history of depression,dysmenorrhea,premenstrual syndrome,menopause,score of life eventscale,improved social support scale.Conclusions The incidence of perimenopausal symptoms is high.It is also related to factors of society,family and mentality,except hypogonadism.Preventing perimenopausal symptoms according to its cirrelative factors may decrease its incidence and enhance the life quality of women.

Objective To investigate the lacrimal gland normal and abnormal diagnosed characteristics.Methods One hundred and six cases were examined by color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI).The results were compared with B mode scan.Results CDFI was better than B mode ultrascan in showing the whole lacrimal gland and inter echo at the same time observing the blood flow of it.Configuration and blood flow combining were a good choice for lacrimal gland disease in the diagnosis.Conclusions CDFI was the best way for lacrimal gland diseases.

Objective To research the expression,methylated regulation and clinical significances of miR-34b in chidren with acute leukemia(AL).Methods The methylation status of miR-34b promoter CpG islands were detected with methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) in patients with AL.Then the expression of miR-34b was compared,which was detected by Taqman real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR),between the AL patients and normal group,in order to analyze their relationship with the clinical indicators.Resuits In 8 leukemia cell lines (U937,HL-60,MV4-11,M2R,K562,Raji,CCRF,DAMI) showed methylation,the positive rate of the methyl was 100％.Thirty-one acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) pediatric patients were newly diagnosed,and 24 cases showed methylation,the methylation positive rate 77.42％ (24/31).Nineteen acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients were newly diagnosed,and 8 cases showed methylation,the methylation positive rate was 42.11％ (8/19 cases).There was no methylation in the 23 cases of normal children.The relative expression levels of miR-34b in the normal group,the group of leukemia cell lines,the group of ALL pediatric patients with newly diagnosed,the AML group and the group with mixed lineage leukemia gene rearrangement MLL+ were 5.22 ± 1.15,0.03 ± 0.03,1.65 ± 0.69,0.18 ± 0.06,0.64 ± 0.34,respectively.The findings indicated that there were significant differences in the relative expression levels of miR-34b between the normal group and the group of leukemia cell lines,the ALL group,the AML group,and the MLL+ group.The relative expression and methylated level of miR-34b had no statistically difference in gender,age at diagnosis,WBC count,chromosome,fusion gene,MLL gene rearrangement,and the minimal residual disease(LDH) levels in newly diagnosed AML patients(all P ＞ 0.05).And the relative expression and methylated level of miR-34b had no statistically difference in gender,age at diagnosis,WBC count,immunophenotype,chromosome,fusion gene,MLL gene rearrangement,TEL/AML1 gene,risk stratification,the minimal residual disease (MRD) in thirty-three days and the LDH levels in newly diagnosed ALL patients(all P ＞ 0.05).But as for the response to prednisone experiment,there was a significant difference between the sensitive group and the non sensitive group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The expression level of miR-34b in AL was significantly lower and it was regulated by methylation mechanism,which implies that miR-34b may play a role of a tumor suppressor gene in the pathogenesis of leukemia.MiR-34b may affect the early treatment response of ALL patients,and it may be an indicator of risk stratification and poor prognosis in pediatric ALL.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and lipid metabolism in livers in apoE knockout (apo E-/-) mice.Methods Male C57BL/6 J mice and homozygous apoE mice were fed with a western type diet and randomly divided into four groups:C57BL/6 J control group (injected intraperitoneally with normal saline),apoE group (injected intraperitoneally with normal saline),apoE-/-+NaHS group (injected intraperitoneally with an H2S donor NaHS 56μmol · kg-1 · d-1) and apoE-/-+ DL-propargylglycine (PPG) group (injected intraperitoneally with an acystathionine-γ-lyase inhibitor PPG 30 mg ·kg-1 · d-1).After 10 weeks,all mice were sacrificed and plasma lipids were detected.Lipid deposition was determined by oil red O staining.Glucose-regulated protein78 (GRP78),Thr-981 phosphorylated double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK),subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2α (elF-2α),low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR),sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) in the livers were detected by Western bloting.The expressions of GRP78 and SREBP-2 mRNA were analyzed by realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results Compared with C57BL/6 J control group,plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL),liver lipid content and expressions of GRP-78,PERK and eIF-2α were significantly increased in apoE-/-mice,but body weight did not change.Compared with apoE-/-mice,plasma LDL level was decreased,liver lipid deposition was improved,expressions of GRP-78 and PERK in livers were increased,and the ratio of p-eIF-2α/ eIF-2α was increased in apoE-/-+NaHS group,but expression levels of SREBP-2 and LDLR in liver did not change.Conclusions H2S decreases serum LDL level and liver lipid content,and up regulates GRP78 protein and mRNA expressions,promotes PERK and eIF2α phosphorylations,improves endoplasmic reticulum function,but has no effect on the expressions of SREBP-2 and LDLR in apoE-/-mice fed with a high-fat diet.

To investigate the effects of Ligustrazine on histogenesis of bone marrow in the early phase of hematopoietic reconstruction in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) mice. The syngeneic BMT mice model was established. The syngeneic BMT mice were orally given 2 mg Ligustrazine twice a day. 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 21 day(s) after BMT, peripheral blood granulocytes and bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC) were counted and the diameter of central vein and the area of micro-vessel in femur were measured. The effect of Ligustrazine on hematopoietic stem cells was observed by colony forming unit of spleen (CFU-S). The effect of Ligustrazine on hemopoietic progenitors was studied by observing the number of progenitors of Granulocytes/Macrophage on day 10 and day 20 after BMT. In Ligustrazine-treated group, the diameter of center veins and the area of micro-vessel of femur were all significantly less than the control group 7, 10, 15, 21 days after BMT (P < 0.01). In addition, Ligustrazine significantly increased the number of CFU-S on day 10 and the number of CFU-GM on day 10, 20 after BMT. These results indicate that Ligustrazine can accelerate the histogenesis of hemopoietic bone marrow, which may be one mechanism by which Ligustrazine promotes hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT.
*Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Hematopoiesis/*drug effects ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*drug effects ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Pyrazines/*pharmacology ; Time Factors

AIM: To explore the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia (AA), we identified the crucial isoform of cyclin D that determine the proliferation of the cord blood CD34~+ cells and observed effects of AA serum on the expression of crucial cyclin D isoform in umbilical cord blood CD34~+ cells. METHODS: The CD34~+ cells were isolated with MIDI-MACS system. The isoforms of cyclin D were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Methylcellulose culture system was used to measure the formation of CFU-GM. The expression level of crucial cyclin D isoform was assayed by RT-PCR and Western blotting after the CD34~+ cells were incubated in AA serum. RESULTS: The crucial cyclin D isoform in CD34~+ cells was cyclin D3. The AA serum inhibited the formation of CFU-GM and down-regulated expression level of the cyclin D3 from the mRNA to protein level, respectively. CONCLUSION: The AA serum inhibits the proliferation of CD34~+ cells and down-regulates level of cyclin D3, this may be one of hematopoiesis inhibition mechanisms in AA.

The pathogenesis of aplastic anemia (AA) was explored and the effects of AA serum on the expression of crucial cyclin D isoform (cyclin D3) in umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were observed. The CD34+ cells were isolated from the cord blood with MIDI-MACS Semi-solid methylcellulose culture technique was used to measure the formation of CFU-GM; The expression level of cyclin D3 was assayed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western-blot after the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were incubated in AA serum. The results showed that the AA serum could inhibit the formation of CFU-GM and down regulate the expression level of the cyclin D3 at the mRNA and protein level respectively. In conclusion, the AA serum could inhibit the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and down regulate level of cyclin D3, which might be one mechanism of hematopoiesis inhibition in AA.
Anemia, Aplastic/*blood ; Antigens, CD34/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Cyclins/*biosynthesis ; Cyclins/genetics ; Fetal Blood/cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Protein Isoforms/biosynthesis ; Protein Isoforms/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Serum

To investigate the effects of Ligustrazine on histogenesis of bone marrow in the early phase of hematopoietic reconstruction in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) mice. The syngeneic BMT mice model was established. The syngeneic BMT mice were orally given 2 mg Ligustrazine twice a day. 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 21 day(s) after BMT, peripheral blood granulocytes and bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC) were counted and the diameter of central vein and the area of micro-vessel in femur were measured. The effect of Ligustrazine on hematopoietic stem cells was observed by colony forming unit of spleen (CFU-S). The effect of Ligustrazine on hemopoietic progenitors was studied by observing the number of progenitors of Granulocytes/Macrophage on day 10 and day 20 after BMT. In Ligustrazine-treated group, the diameter of center veins and the area of micro-vessel of femur were all significantly less than the control group 7, 10, 15, 21 days after BMT (P < 0.01). In addition, Ligustrazine significantly increased the number of CFU-S on day 10 and the number of CFU-GM on day 10, 20 after BMT. These results indicate that Ligustrazine can accelerate the histogenesis of hemopoietic bone marrow, which may be one mechanism by which Ligustrazine promotes hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Female ; Hematopoiesis ; drug effects ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo study the expression level and CpG island methylation status of miR-34b in leukemia cell lines and to research the effect of DNA methylation on the proliferation of leukemia cells regulated by miR-34b.

METHODTaqman real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to detect the relative expression of miR-34b in control group (bone marrow cells of 20 children without blood disease) and 8 leukemia cell lines (U937, HL-60, MV4-11, M2R, K562, Raji, CCRF, DAMI). Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was carried out to detect the methylation differences of miR-34b in control group (Bone marrow cells of 23 children without blood disease), 8 leukemia cell lines. HL-60 and K562 were treated with methyltransferase inhibitor (5-aza-2-dC) for further detection of its methylation status and expression of miR-34b. Hsa-miR-34b mimics was transfected into K562 cell by liposome, the transfection efficiency was detected by flow cytometry. The cell proliferation of hsa-miR-34b transfected group in each stage was measured with CCK-8 assay, and then compared with non-transfected group and negative control group.

RESULTThe relative expression level of miR-34b in the group of children without blood disease and the group of leukemia cell lines were 5.22 ± 1.15, 0.03 ± 0.03. The results showed that, the group of leukemia cell lines was significantly different from the control group (t = 4.538, P < 0.01) . Eight leukemia cell lines showed methylation, the positive rate of the methyl was 100%. There was no methylation in the 23 cases of control group. After leukemia cell lines HL-60 and K562 were treated with 5-aza-2-dC, the methylated bands became obviously weakened, and the relative expression levels of miR-34b substantially increased 49.5 times and 18.8 times respectively. After hsa-miR-34b mimics was transfected into K562 cell by liposome, its transfection efficiency detected by flow cytometry was 61% and the cell proliferation was measured with CCK-8 assay from which it was found that the cell proliferation was significantly suppressed compared with the control group at 48 h (t = 9.303, P < 0.01), 72 h (t = 65.617, P < 0.01), 96 h (t = 36.878, P < 0.01) and 120 h (t = 18.748, P < 0.01) in hsa-miR-34b transfected group, with the inhibition rate of 12.2% (48 h), 45.7% (72 h), 32.5% (96 h) and 22.9% (120 h).

CONCLUSIONThe hypermethylation of promoter leads to decrease in the expression levels of miR-34b in leukemia cell lines, which attenuate mechanism of proliferative inhibition may be one of the reasons of occurrence or development of childhood leukemia.

Azacitidine ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; genetics ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection