Objective To explore a new project-integrated teaching method and evaluate its effect in the course of optometry special examination techniques. Methods Class Three of Optometry 2011 was chosen as experimental group and used the new project integrated teaching method while Class Four was chosen as control group and used traditional teaching method , both class having 30 students. After the end of the course the students of both class were assessed the theoretical knowledge and operating skills of the same standard. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate stu-dents' self evaluation of the teaching effect. After students of both groups practiced in the same depart-ment of ophthalmology optometry clinic special inspection post for half a year, teachers' evaluation of the students' training performance was collected. Final examination scores, experimental examination scores and the teachers' evaluation scores of the two groups were compared by t-test respectively and the self-assessment results of the students of both groups were compared by chi-square test. Results The final examination and experimental examination scores of the experimental group were both higher than those of the control group significantly(P=0.001,0.002 respectively). The experimental group students had a significantly better self-assessment than the control group in learning interest ( P=0.007), understanding(P=0.046), self-learning ability(P=0.000), summary ability(P=0.009), ana-lytical ability(P=0.000) and innovation ability(P=0.000). The clinical teachers' evaluations of the ex-perimental group were better than the control group. The differences were statistically significant in standardization of practice, application ability, examination report reading ability and case analytical ability(P=0.000). Conclusion The project-integrated teaching method can help to improve the students' leaning motivation and cultivate students' autonomous learning ability and comprehensive analysis capa-bility and so on, which is helpful to reaching a good teaching effect and ensuring the teaching quality.

OBJECTIVE To study the diagnosis and treatment of parotid acinic cell carcinoma. METHODS The clinical data of 19 cases with parotid acinic cell carcinoma treated from 1985 to 2007 were retrospectively reviewed.Four patients underwent superficial parotidectomy,5 patients underwent total parotidectomy,6 patients underwent superficial parotidectomy plus partial deep parotidectomy,6 patients underwent total parotidectomy and neck dissection.Eight patients received postoperative radiotherapy.One patient only received radical radiotherapy after biopsy.All patients were followed up for 1 to 20 years.RESULTS Nobody died after operation.Five cases recurred after operation, and the recurrence rate was 26.3%(5/19) CONCLUSION The main treatment for parotid acinic cell carcinoma is complete resection and postoperative radiotherapy.

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Marsdenia tenacissima.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatography and their structures were identified by spectral and chemical analysis.Results Two pregnane glycosides were isolated from the stems of M.tenacissima and identified as3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1 →4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-11α-Otigloyltenacigenin B,named as tenacigenoside I(1)and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-Dallopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-11α,12β-di-O-acetyltenacigenin B,named as tenacigenoside K(2).Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound,1H-NMR and 13C-NMR data of compound 2 are reported for the first time.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).Methods The clinicopathological data of 75 patients(46 males,29 females;average age 38 years) with IBD confirmed by colonoscopy from March 2010 to March 2014 were reviewed retrospectively.Among the 75 patients,30 were with ulcerative colitis(UC) and 45 were with Crohn's disease (CD).All underwent whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging.Enteroscope and CRP examination were performed within 1 week before or after PET/CT imaging.The results of 18F-FDG PET/CT were compared with those of located CT and enteroscope (x2,t tests).Linear correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between CRP and the SUVmax of lesions presented in IBD.Results (1) 18 F-FDG PET/CT accurately detected 65 patients with IBD,while located CT diagnosed 55 patients with IBD.The diagnostic sensitivities were significantly different:86.7％ (65/75) vs 73.3％ (55/75),x2 =4.167,P＜0.05.(2) Among 65 patients with positive results in 18F-FDG PET/CT,lesions were consistent with those detected by endoscopy in 33 (33/75,44.0％)patients.Results of the 2 methods in 24 patients (24/75,32.0％)were not completely same,those in 8 patients (8/75,10.7％)were totally different.18F-FDG PET/CT detected 145 lesions,while enteroscope only detected 119 lesions.Diffuse high FDG uptake was shown in intestinal wall in 40 of 65 patients,and mild mucosa injury was showed by enteroscope in 18 patients (45.0％,18/40).(3)Fortyeight of 65 patients detected by PET/CT were proven clinically to be in active stage,and the rest were in stable stage.The SUVmax of active stage group (8.31±4.21) was significantly higher than that of the chronic stage group (6.36±3.15;t =2.033,P＜0.05).There was a linear correlation between CRP and SUVmax of patients in active stage(r=0.453,P＜0.01).Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT is helpful to assess the activity of IBD and may serve as a supplementary diagnosing tool to detect the lesions under the epithelium of bowel,which are often false-negative by enteroscope.

Objective To evaluate the complementary value of 11C-choline (CHO) PET/CT to 18F-FDG PET/CT in the staging of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and diagnosis of HCC.Methods From December 2007 to January 2010,15 patients with locally advanced NPC and 76 patients with HCC were prospectively enrolled into this study.The research was approved by the ethics committee,and all patients signed informed consents.Whole body 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans were performed on all patients and regional 11C-CHO PET/CT was conducted in 43 patients (15 with NPC,28 with HCC).A lesion with increased uptake of either 11 C-CHO or 18F-FDG was considered positive.SUVmax,tumor/brain (T/B) ratio and tumor/liver (T/L) ratio were calculated for semi-quantitative analysis.Two-sample t test,x2 test,Fisher exact test and linear correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results (1) The lesion SUVmax of 18 F-FDG was higher compared to 11C-CHO (12.81 ± 5.00 vs 6.84 ± 2.76 ; t =6.416,P ＜0.01) in NPC patients.However,11C-CHO PET/CT had a much higher T/B ratio than 18F-FDG (18.62 ±7.95 vs 1.38 ±0.59 ; t =8.801,P ＜ 0.01).Significant correlation was found between the 2 tracers with regard to NPC lesion uptake (r =0.712,P ＜0.01).Compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT,11C-CHO PET/CT had better delineation of intracranial invasion in 50.0％ of patients (12/12 vs 6/12; x2 =8.000,P ＜0.05),skull base invasion in 4/14 patients and orbital invasion in 3/3 patients.(2) 18F-FDG PET/CT showed positive findings in 63.1％ (48/76) of HCC patients.In 28 HCC patients with negative findings on 18F-FDG PET/CT,11 C-CHO PET/CT was positive in 71.4％ (20/28) of patients.The dual-tracer PET/CT improved the diagnostic sensitivity (89.5％,68/76) of HCC compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT (63.1％,48/76) alone (x2 =14.559,P ＜0.01).11C-CHO PET/CT was more sensitive than 18F-FDG PET/CT for the detection of well differentiated HCC (6/9 vs 35.7％ (5/14) ; P =0.214).For the detection of moderately differentiated HCC,the sensitivity of 11C-CHO and 18F-FDG PET/CT was similar to each other (6/7vs 72.0％ (18/25),P =0.648).11C-CHO PET/CT was more sensitive than 18F-FDG for the detection of HCC lesions ＜5.0 cm (72.7％ (16/22) vs 42.1％ (16/38) ; x2 =5.249,P ＜0.05),especially for lesions ＜ 2.0 cm (5/7 vs 0/7; P =0.021).Conclusions 11 C-CHO PET/CT could improve the accuracy in T staging of NPC.It might also play a complementary role for 18 F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of HCC.

Objective To investigate the real emotional experience of the male infertile patients.Method The clinical data of 8 male infertile patients were collected by in-depth interview and analyzed by phenomenologic analysis to investigate their real emotional experience.Result Five themes in related to their emotional experience were concluded,including denial and anxiety, pain and acceptance,shame and isolation,senses of sadness and worthlessness and sexual dysfunction.Conclusions Infertile patients have complex emotional experience deep in their heart.Therefore,the medical staff should take the initiative to understand negative emotions,give effective guidance of positive emotions and provide comprehensive social supports.

Objective To study the correlation between marital adjustment and personality characteristics in infertile patients. Method The Locke-Wollance marital adjustment measurement scale and Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ)were used among 156 patients with infertility to investigate the correlation between marital adjustment and personality characteristics in infertile patients. Results The total score on the marital adjustment was(100.7±15.5). The rate of good marital adjustment was 51.3%and the rate of marital maladjustment was 48.7%. Those with a marital time of shorter than 5 years were better at marital adjustment compared to those with more than 5 years adjustment(P<0.01). In the characteristics of personality,the items of psychoticism(P)and neuroticism(N)fell at the mode of propensity. The scores on introversion and covering were at the middle level. The groups between the marriage age of shorter than 5 years and more than 5 years were significantly different in psychoticism,introversion and extroversion and nervousness(P<0.01). The marital adjustment were negatively correlated with psychoticism and nervousness,but positively correlated with extraversion. The marriage adjnstmc-nt were positively correlated to cpsychoticism and nervousness,but postively correlated with extroversion. The marriage age was positively correlated with psychoticism and nervousness,but negatively related to extraversion and covering with statistically significant difference (P<0.01).Conclusions In the infertile patients,there are many cases of family marriage disorder. The marriage adjustment and age can affect the personality traits of infertile patients. It indicates that infertility affects the physical and mental health.

Objective: Combined detection of anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin ( anti-MCV ) antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide ( anti-CCP) antibodies and rheumatoid factor ( RF-IgM) levels to investigate the diagnostic value of anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV) antibodies for rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods: A total of 359 patients with RA,128 patients with other rheumatic diseases and 90 healthy controls were involved.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) was used to detect anti-MCV and anti-CCP, and dynamic immune nephelometry was applied to detect RF-IgM .The sensitivity and specificity were obtained from the experimental data.Results:The sensitivities of anti-MCV,anti-CCP and RF-IgM were 85.1%,76.7% and 82.7%in RA respectively.The specificities were 93.2%,95.1%and 80.1%respectively.Combined detection of anti-MCV and anti-CCP,the sensitivity decreased to 70.2%; but the specificity increased to 98.7%.The sensitivity reached to 89.5% with specificity 97.6%when the union of anti-MCV and anti-CCP positivity was used as criterion.Conclusion:Anti-MCV and anti-CCP are novel makers for RA diagnosis with high sensitivity and high specificity.Combination of anti-MCV and anti-CCP is more helpful for RA diagnosis.

Objective:To study the relationship between expression of p53,nm23 and invasion and metastasis in human colorectal carcinoma,and the correlation between expression of p53 and nm23.Methods:Expression of p53 and nm23 were studied with SABC immunohistochemical technique Results:The positive rate of p53 and nm23 in 41 samples of human colorectal carcinoma was 58 5% and 53 7% respectively p53 over expression and nm23 low expression was significantly correlated with the depth of invasion and lymphatic metastasis The expression of p53 in pooly differentiated carcinoma was obviously higher than that in well differentiated carcinoma(P0 05) p53 over expression was correlated with nm23 low expression Conclusion:Over expression of p53 and low expression of nm23 might play an important role in invasion and metastasis of human colorectal carcinoma p53 over expression was related to the differentiation of colorectal carcinoma tissue

Objective To investigate the relationship between microchimerism and immunologic tolerance in kidney transplantation recipients. Methods In samples of peripheral blood and urinary sediment from 176 females who received male donor's kidney,DNA and mRNA expression of specific fragment in Y chromosome were determined by PCR and RT PCR. Results The test results were positive for chimerism in 137 out of 176 recipients(77.84%),and negative in 39 cases (22.16%).The mean survival period in chimerism positive group was 8.9?3.7 years,and 5.2?3.9 years in chimerism negative group.The difference was statistically significant between the 2 groups ( P