The atlantoaxial articulation fracture or dislocation in children is one kind of common damage disease on upper cervical vertebra.Because the children are still in the stage of development,the atlantoaxial articulation ligamentum capsulare and the ligament are relax,so they are easy to be dislocated by external forces or be spontaneous dislocated caused by pathology reasons.The upper cervical vertebra damages on the children are quite different from that on the adults both in anatomical view and in biological term,therefore,the treatment are different from adults either.The treatments can be divided into the conservative ones and the surgery ones,the surgery treatment can also be divided into the posterior atlantoaxial fixed fusion technology,the occipitocervical fixed fusion technology and the odontid screw pexia.No matter using the conservative treatments or the surgical operation treatments,the root cure for the atlantoaxial articulation fracture or dislocation is to re-construct the stability of the articulation.The key point of freatment selection is to grasp the indications of each method.

Melatonin holds a wide range of biological effects, its multi-channel and multi-target impacts on reproductive sys-tem are the basis of pregnancy related rhythm, including conception, the duration of pregnancy and delivery.This paper describes the synthesis of melatonin, the characteristics of melatonin receptors distribution and melatonin′s biological property.It also illuminates the influence of melatonin rhythm on the above-mentioned courses, hoping to provide theory basis for clinical suggestions to modulate rhythm around pregnancy.

Objective To explore the feasibility of thoracic sympathectomy under video mediastinoscopy (VM) for palmar hyperhidrosis. Methods Operations on 55 patients with palmar hyperhidrosis were performed under general anesthesia with double lumen endotracheal tube placement. The patients were maintained in the 30?～45? semi-sitting position, with abduction of both arms to 90?. The VM entered the thoracic cavity via the third intercostal space on the anterior axillary line. The T 2～T 4 sympathetic ganglions were resected by electrocautery. Results Hyperhidrosis disappeared postoperatively in all the cases. The temperature of patients' both hands increased by 1.5～3 ℃,with their both hands becoming dry and warm. The operation time was 20～40 min (mean, 30 min) and the hospital stay was 3～7 d (mean, 4 d). No severe complications occurred. Mild subcutaneous emphysema along with pneumothorax was found in 3 cases and compensatory hyperhidrosis in the trunk happened in 5 cases. Conclusions Thoracic sympathectomy under VM is less invasive and simpler than that under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis, being a feasible alternative.

The anti-inflammatory effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng (TSPR ) were reported. After intramuscular injection of TSPR (200 mg/kg, rats and mice) and hydrocortisone ( 300mg/kg, rats ; 200mg/ kg, mice) the ear inflammation induced by croton oil decreased. Thirty minutes after intramuscular injection of TSPR ( 200mg/kg ) and hydrocortisone ( 200mg/kg ) in normal mice, the inflammation induced by acetici ( ip) shown by the infiltration of Even's blue decreased significantly.It is suggested antiinflammatory effect of TSPR was not related to the hypothalamic adrenal system.In chronic inflammatory experiments, TSPR as well as hydrocortisone could inhibit the proliferation of granuloma by the implantation of cotton pellet in rats and mice with inhibitory rates of 27.6% ( P

AIM To investigate the curative effects of Kuntai Capsules (Coptidis Rhizoma,Scutellariae Radix,Asini Corii Colla,etc.) on rat model for primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) caused by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD).METHODS Seventy-five weaned 21-day old rats were divided equally into five groups randomly:control group,model group,low-,medium-,and high-dosage Kuntain group.Except the control group was given sesame oil rats,other four groups were given intraperitoneal injection of VCD solution.According to vaginal smear of rats,eight rats in each group were selected,the levels of FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone),LH (leuteinizing hormone),E2 (estradiol) and AMH (anti-Mullerian hormone) were measured,and morphological changes of ovary and uterus were observed.RESULTS Compared to the control group,FSH level in rats' serum of the model group significantly increased while AMH and E2 levels significantly decreased,and LH level rose;Kuntai Capsules significantly decreased FSH level while increased AMH level;The wet weight of rats' ovary in the model group was lighter than that in the control group.The ovary weight of Kuntai Capsules low-dosage group was increased;the number of follicles at all levels and corpora lutea of rats in the model group were decreased.After the treatment with Kuntai Capsules,the number of follicles at all levels and corpora lutea were increased;light microscopy manifested decreased uterine glands of the tube wall,reduced glandular cavity.After the treatment with Kuntai Capsules,the number of uterine glands increased and the gland cavity expanded.CONCLUSION Kuntai Capsules may slowdown the functional decline rate of ovarian.

A new benzene derivative microintegerrin C (1) and a new norsesquiterpenoid microintegerrin D (2), along with six known compounds (3-8), were isolated and identified from stems and leaves of Micromelum integerrimum by various chromatographies such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-18 column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were mainly identified based on the spectral data analysis such as 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-EI-MS. All known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To study the pre-existing intimal hyperplasia and the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in great saphenous vein(GSV) among the patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods Segments of GSV were collected from 20 patients with diabetes mellitus and 22 patients without diabetes mellitus undergoing CABG.Morphometric analysis was performed after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining by microscopic computer analysis.Immunohistochemistry staining was used to examine the expression of NF-κB and VCAM-1 in intima.Results Pre-existing intimal hyperplasia was more common and server in GSV of the patients with diabetes mellitus.The expression of NF-κB and VCAM-1 were significantly higher in intima of GSV in patients with diabetes mellitus than patients without diabetes mellitus.The expression of VCAM-1 was positively related to NFκB in intima of GSV.Conclusion The pre-existing intimal hyperplasia and the expression of NF-κB and VCAM-1 were more common and server in GSV of the patients with diabetes mellitus than patients without diabetes mellitus.This can partially explain the poor prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus after CABG.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVEThe purpose of the study is to put forward some ideas and suggestions for the future research of allergic rhinitis.METHODSThe experimental animal species, strains, methods of replicating animal model and the judging standard of allergic rhinitis in China from January 1998 to December 2014 were reviewed and analyzed.RESULTSThe experimental animal species, strains, methods of replicating animal model and the judging standard of allergic rhinitis used in 137 articles were different.CONCLUSIONOnly standardized and unified experimental animal model can ensure the implementation of scientific research successfully and the reliability of the experimental results.

Objective To investigate effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) used in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in elderly patients.Methods 60 elderly patients (aged ≥65 years) received CABG surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass,of which 30 patients using ANH techniques and 30 patients without ANH techniques.Results All patients were revascularized completely with stable surgical procedure,no serious complications and no operative mortality were found.Oxygen supplying was balanced with demanding,without tissue hypoxia.Indicators of the myocardial protective effect,coagulation,liver function,kidney function,glucose metabolism,negative nitrogen balance,and postoperative drainage volume were not significantly different between the two groups (P＞0.05).Allogeneic blood transfusion volume was significantly lower in study group than in control group[(0.9±0.9)U vs.(2.5±1.2)U,t=2.704,P＜0.01].Conclusions The ANH technique used in CABG operation in appropriate elderly patient is feasible and safe,with satisfactory clinical results.

Objective To investigate the changes of hemodynamics,cardiac troponin T(cTNT) and CK-MB zymogram perioperatively in elderly patients receiving off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Methods Totally 40 elderly patients (age＞65 years) undergoing surgical revascularization in our hospital were reviewed.20 patients were received off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (group A),20 patients received on-pump surgery (group B).The cardiac output index (CI) and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) of each patient were recorded at the time of preoperative (T1),surgery completion (T2) and first day after surgery (T3).cTNT and CKMB of all patients were detected perioperatively.Results The level of CI was increased after operation,whereas CI of group A in T2 was significantly higher than that of group B [(3.92±0.43) L· min-1 · m-2 & (3.81±0.52)L · min 1 · m-2,t=2.036,P＜0.05).SVRI was decreased after operation,there was no difference between the two groups during the same time (P＞0.05).The levels of cTNT and CK-MB were within normal range before operation,whereas enhanced immediately after operation and returned to normal within the 7th day.The level of CK-MB in group B after operation was higher than that in group A [(11.8±4.4)tμg/L vs.(8.4±4.3)μg/L,t=2.214,P＜0.05) ；The level of cTNT in group B at 1st day after operation was increaesd compared with that in group A [(0.23±0.12)μg/L vs.(0.l1±0.09)μg/L],t=2.189,P＜0.05).Conclusions Both off-pump and on-pump CABG could improve the cardiac output and get approving myocardial protection effects in elderly patients,the effect of off-pump CABG might be superior to that of onpump CABG comparatively.