To study the toxicity of monoamine in high concentrations to neurons. Neurons were treated in vitro with different doses of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin for various lengths of time. The toxicity of these reagents on neurons was observed. Apoptosis of neurons was analyzed by agar electrophoresis, in situ DNA end labeling technique and flow cytometry. The results showed that a high concentration of monoamine could induce apoptosis of the culturing neurons. At 24h after treatment with dopamine or norepinephrine (80, 160 and 320?mol/L) as well as with 320?mol/L serotonin, apoptotic rates of neurons were significantly higher than that of the controls, respectively ( P

Objective To discuss the diagnostic approaches of erectile dysfunction (ED),and to improve the diagnostic level of ED. Methods 186 patients with ED were evaluated by IIEF 5,intracavernous injection,hormonal testing,colour duplex ultrasonography,cavernosography and bulbocavernosus reflex latency,respectively. Results Among these ED patients who were evaluated,186,71,28,45,21 and 17 cases underwent the above mentioned examinations, and 46 patients were diagnosed as psychological ED,6 as arterial ED,15 as venous ED,3 as hormonal ED,3 as neurologic ED,10 as composite ED and 103 unknown cause ED. Conclusions Erectile dysfunction is a highly individualized disease.Diagnostic approaches of erectile dysfunction should be individual patient specific,which can be safe,economical and efficacious to the ED patients.

To study the use of data mining techniques in analyzing the syndrome discipline of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Objective To determine the expression of CD24 in colorectal carcinoma, and to explore the relationship between CD24 and the clinicopathological features of colorectal carcinoma.Methods The expression of CD24 in 62 cases of colorectal carcinoma, 47 cases of adenomas, 15 cases of colorectal polyps and 30 cases of the adjacent non-cancerous tissues were observed by immunohistochemical assay.The relationship between CD24 and the clinicopathological features was analyzed.Results The positive rates of CD24 in colorectal carcinoma 72.6％ and adenomas 63.8％ were significantly higher than those in colorectal hyperplastic polyps 13.3％ (x2 =17.83, P =0.00;x2 =11.61, P =0.00) and adjacent non-cancerous tissues 6.7％ (x2 =35.15, P =0.00;x2 =24.64, P =0.00).The expression of CD24 in colorectal carcinoma had a significant correlation with the tumor diameter (x2 =5.48, P =0.02), tumor differentiation (x2 =8.86, P =0.00), Duke staging (x2 =11.47, P =0.00) and lymph node metastasis (x2 =8.92, P =0.00).Conclusion The expression of CD24 is high in colorectal carcinoma, having a significant correlation with the size of tumor, degree of differentiation, Duke stage and lymph node metastasis.

IFIT family genes are a kind of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), and play important roles in antiviral sector and immunity regulation. To study the regulatory effect of IFIT family genes during influenza A virus (IAV) infection, we used RNA-sequencing analysis (RNA-Seq) technique and found that when 293T cells were infected by A/WSN/33 (WSN), the concentration of IFIT family genes were increased. Further study reveals that overexpression of IFIT2 or IFIT3 could inhibit IAV replication and transcription, and cause the dose-dependent inhibition of polymerase activity of vRNP. In addition, IFIT2 and IFIT3 encoding protein could colocalize with NS1 in 293T cells infected by WSN, indicating that they might interact with each other. The results suggest that IFIT family genes can inhibit the replication and transcription of IAV, which contributes to our understanding of the regulatory effect of host factors during influenza virus infection.
HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; genetics ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Proteins ; genetics ; Virus Replication

Objective To evaluate the application effect of joint inventory management method in drug procurement and control management in multiple hospital areas.Methods Based on the joint inventory management model,four pilot drugs were selected from a certain group hospital by reasonable data processing methods for research.The effects of the model application were compared and analyzed from aspects such as inventory cost,turnover situation,and supply situation.Results After applying the joint inventory management model led by the central hospital,the inventory and amount of drugs in the three pilot hospitals were significantly reduced,with the inventory reduced by 31.93%and the average inventory amount decreased by 16.23%;The inventory turnover days had significantly decreased,with the turnover days of all three branches decreasing by more than one day;The drug shortage rate had significantly decreased,with the most significant change among the pilot drugs being the doxorubicin liposome injection,which had a 6.7%decrease in the shortage rate;The comparison results of each group of data showed statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion Adopting a central hospital led joint inventory management model in multiple hospital areas could significantly improve the effectiveness of drug procurement management and inventory management,which enhanced the efficiency of hospital fund utilization.

Objective To explore the effects of Shaoyao Gancao granule on hair growth,behavior,and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal(HPA)axis in mice with alopecia areata(AA).Methods Forty-two C3H/HeJ mice were randomly divided into control,model,Shaoyao Gancao granule high-,middle-,low-dose,corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1(CRHR1)antagonist,and compound glycyrrhizin tablet(CGT)groups.Photography,dermoscopy,weight analysis,and behavioral measurement were performed.Corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH),adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),cortisol,glucocorticoid receptor(GR),and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)were also assessed.Results Compared with the model group,high-dose Shaoyao Gancao granules improve hair regeneration and weight gain(P＜0.05),increased the percentage of total exercise distance and central area exercise distance in an open field test(P＜0.05),reduced the immobility time in the forced swimming and tail suspension experiments(P＜0.05),reduced peripheral blood levels of CRH,ACTH,and cortisol(P＜0.05),and increased expression of GR and BDNF in the hippocampus(P＜0.05).Conclusions Shaoyao Gancao granule promotes hair growth and improves behavioral performance in mice with AA.These effects may be related to downregulating CRH,ACTH,and cortisol expression,upregulating GR and BDNF expression,and inhibiting excessive activation of the HPA axis.

Objective To observe the Th17 and regulatory T cells(Tr) equilibrium state as well as their changes of tuberculosis patients in six-month's anti-Tuberculosis treatment.Methods Select thirty-two tuberculosis patients received anti-Tuberculosis treatment while thirty-two healthy volunteers as controls.Flow cytometry was used to analyze Th17 and Tr cells in venous blood at the time of pre-therapy,3th,6th month.Results The ratio of Th17 cells in CD4 cells in tuberculosis patients and volunteers were (1.10±0.39)％,(2.50±1.03) ％,(3.90±1.34) ％,(4.50±1.52)％,respectively; the ratio of Tr cells were (9.17±3.26)％,(6.85±2.73)％,(5.46±1.69)％,(4.35±0.86)％,respectively.Conclusion Tuberculosis could make Th17 cells and Tr cells lost their balance,but the immune equilibrium state may gradually recover after anti-tuberculosis.The change of the amount of immune cells was likely to be the reference indexes to observe the progress of tuberculosis and the treatment effect of anti-tuberculosis.

This article discusses the characteristics of cmmunity herbal monographs for traditional herbal medicinal products and its establishment procedure. It also reviews the new development of cmmunity traditional herbal monographs. The purpose is to clarify the relationship between cmmunity herbal monographs and simplified registration for traditional herbal medicinal product in European Union and provide reference to the registration of taditional Chinese mdicinal products in Europe.
Drug Approval ; legislation & jurisprudence ; European Union ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of Epstein-Barr virus EBV DNA in children with Epstein-Barr virus infection realated diseases.Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed.Totally 222 blood samples were collected from children who were diagnosed as EBV infection in Shandong Provincial Hospital from June 2012 to August 2013.Fluorescent quantitative PCR( FQ-PCR) was used to analyze the EBV DNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes.ELISA was used to analyze the four EBV serology antibodies in the serum.Two groups of tested results were compared.Heart, hepatic impairment and renal function were analyzed through detecting AST, ALT, BUN, CREA, CK, CKMB.The results were grouped by EBV DNA copy number, and then non-parametric test together with correlation analysis was performed using SPSS21.0 analytics software.Results The positive rate of EBV-CA IgM and EBV DNA was 51.35%(114/222) and 72.97% (162/222) respectively, χ2 =24.01, P<0.001.The EBV DNA copy number was significant difference (χ2 =11.79,P<0.05) in children at different stages of infection ( no previous infection:6.30 ×103 -1.20 ×104 copies/ml;early infection:5.56 ×103 -3.92 ×106 copies/ml;acute infection:6.58 ×103 -1.73 ×106 copies /ml;chronic infection or recurrent infection:8.92 ×103 -2.34 ×104 copies/ml;late infection or recovery:5.20 ×103 -1.12 ×107 copies/ml;past infection:5.46 × 103 -1.33 ×104 copies/ml).Each biochemical targets were divided into five groups by EBV DNA copy number (Ⅰ>1 ×106 copies/ml,Ⅱ1 ×105 -1 ×106 copies/ml, Ⅲ1 ×104 -1 ×105 copies/ml, Ⅳ5 × 103 -1 ×104 copies/ml, Ⅴ<5 ×103 copies/ml), and ALT(χ2 =10.14,P<0.05), BUN(χ2 =18.17, P<0.05), CK(χ2 =13.09,P<0.05), CKMB(χ2 =17.93,P<0.01) had a statistically significant difference between each group.Well, the log value of EBV DNA copy number had a positive correlation relationship with AST(r=0.357,P=0.001), ALT(r=0.376,P=0.001), BUN(r=0.329,P=0.000), CK(r=0.235,P=0.035).Conclusions Detection of EBV DNA can be used for the early diagnosis and assessment of process of the EBV infection related disease in children.The detection of liver, kidney function and myocardial enzymes can be used for evaluating the severity of EBV infection.