Objective:To study the expression and clinical significance of MRP and LRP in carcinoma of large intestine.Methods:Immunohistochemistry is used to examine the MRP and LRP expression in 60 cases of large intestine carcinoma and 10 cases of normal large intestine tissues.Results:The positive expression rates of MRP and LRP in the 60 cases of large intestine carcinoma are 68.3% and 70% respectively and are all significantly higher than those in normal large intestine tissues ( P 0.05).Conclusion:MRP and LRP are both highly expressed in large intestine carcinoma and play an important role in the primary multidrug resistence(MDR) of large intestine carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathologic morphological features,immunohistochemical speciality of the gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) and their histogenesis,treatment and prognosis as well.Methods:The morphologic characteristics of GISTs were studied in 51 cases using light microscopy.The expression of c-kit(CDll7),CD34,vimentin,actin,S-100 were detected in all the cases with SP immunohistochemistry staining.Results:Among 51 cases of GISTs,40 were spindle cell type,4 epithelioid cell type and 17 mixturetype.Almost all of the stromal tumors were strongly positive for vimentin(99%),48 out of 51 tumors positive for CD117 (c-kit)(95.0 %) and 41 positive for CD34(78.5%).Some cases also expressed actin,S-100.Conclusion:GISTs are the most frequent mesenchymal tumor seen in the gastrointestinal tract.Under light microscope,the morphology of stromal tumors looks sometimes like that of a leiomyoma and Schwannoma.Application of immunohistochemical markers (particularly CD117 and CD34)is considered necessary for the differential diagnosis.GISTs may originate from the pluripotential stem cell of the interstium.

Objective To explore the feasibility of laparoscopy-assisted total mesorectal excision(TME) for anterior resection of rectal cancer.Methods The clinical records of 42 patients with rectal cancer who underwentlaparoscopic TME from April 2006 to July 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Results All the laparoscopic TME with anal sphincter preservation operations were successful;no case was converted to open procedure.The distal end of rectum was anastomosed by a reusable linear stapler.The average operative time was 195 min(170-230 min) and the operative blood loss 15 mL(10-30 mL).The time for bowel functionrecovery was 32 hours.One patient had postoperative dysuria,and one had intraoperative subcutaneousemphysema.No anastomotic leakage or infection of incisional wound occurred.Conclusions Laparoscopy-assisted anterior resection for rectal cancer is safe and feasible.

GRP78,as endoplasmic reticulum resident chaperone,is highly induced by a variety of tumor microenvironmental stresses,such as hypoxia and glucose deprivation.GRP78 is implicated in tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis,invasion,metastasis and angiogenesis.Recent evidence indicates that GRP78 levels is correlated with pathological grade,stage and prognosis for the majority of solid tumors.In addition,GRP78 plays an important role in drug tolerance and knockdown of GRP78 has been shown to sensitize malignant cells.GRP78 could not only be a good biomarker to predict cancer progression and chemo-responsiveness,but also an appealing target for the development of a more selective chemotherapy.

Objective To analyze the CT and clinical features of acute pancreatitis(AP) patients with perirenal space(PRS) invasion.Methods CT images and renal function tests(serum urea,creatine) changes of 64 AP patients were retrospectively studied. PRS invasion by inflammation on CT scan and the relation between PRS invasion and renal function changes were analyzed. Results 81% patients had PRS invasion in which 52% were grade B, 25% were grade C. CT features of the PRS invasion varied from mild inflammatory changes to fluid collection or phlegmonous.The PRS invasion was detected in 35 of 52 patients with mild pancreatitis and all severe pancreatitis. Renal function abnormity was 47%, only 3% patients had abnormal renal function in patients without PRS invasion compared to 44% patients with PRS invasion. PRS invasion in patients with abnormal renal function attenuated on CT scan after the pancreatitis was controlled. Conclusions The CT clearly reveals the features of PRS in acute pancreatitis patients. The attenuation of PRS invasion in acute pancreatitis patients on CT parallels renal function recover.

Objective To explore the application value of tissue dispersion quantitative analysis in rat liver fibrosis stages and provide a reference for clinical non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis.Methods Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n =64) and control group (n =8).The experimental groups of rats were gavaged with the volume fraction of 60％ CCl4 olive oil solution to form different stages of liver fibrosis,the control group did wvith normal saline,All the rat underwent tissue dispersion quantitative analysis to obtain 12 elastic parameters,the differences in above parameters were compared among rats with different liver fibrosis stages,then the correlation with pathological stages were analyzed.Results Except for COMP,ASM,CORR,there were significant differences in all parameters among rats of different liver fibrosis (P ＜0.05),which were correlated with pathological stages(P ＜0.05).Among these parameters,％ AREA had the highest correlation coefficient (r =0.891,P =0.001).The ROC curve was made by ％AREA to estimate the fibrosis stage.the area under ROC curve for ％ AREA was 0.914 (≥ the control group + S0),0.963 (≥early liver fibrosis S1 + S2),0.969 (≥middle liver fibrosis S3),0.948 (early cirrhosis S4),respectively.Conclusions The technique of tissue dispersion quantitative analysis has a good evaluation value for liver fibrosis stages,it is able to provide a preliminary reference for clinical non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVEThe purpose of the study is to put forward some ideas and suggestions for the future research of allergic rhinitis.METHODSThe experimental animal species, strains, methods of replicating animal model and the judging standard of allergic rhinitis in China from January 1998 to December 2014 were reviewed and analyzed.RESULTSThe experimental animal species, strains, methods of replicating animal model and the judging standard of allergic rhinitis used in 137 articles were different.CONCLUSIONOnly standardized and unified experimental animal model can ensure the implementation of scientific research successfully and the reliability of the experimental results.

Case based learning/problem-based learning ( CBL/PBL ) is a new teaching method based on traditional medical education methods.In order to conquer the deficiency of traditional education methods in autonomous study motivation and ability of knowledge integration, CBL/PBL has been introduced into vascular surgery teaching procedure since 2006.The quality and effort of CBL/PBL compared with lecture-based learning ( LBL ) were evaluated and scored. The outcome of this teaching innovation shows CBL can arouse students' desire in autonomous study and enhance their ability in clinical analysis.But, its superiority is difficult to develop in the current medical education system.

Objective To compare the traditional anterior transposition and anterior subcutaneous with blood supply of the ulnar nerve for the treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome.Methods Eighty cases with cubital tunnel syndrome were enrolled in the retrospective study from January 2009 to March 2013,40 cases (control group) were treated by traditional anterior transposition while the others (observation group) were treated by anterior subcutaneous with blood supply.According to the evaluation criteria of ulnar nerve,evaluated the function of patients and compared the scores of two groups and the improved rate of different level patients.Results The scores of two groups before surgery were (3.6 ± 0.4),(3.7 ± 0.5) scores,after surgery were (7.5 ± 0.9),(7.4 ± 0.6) scores respectively,there was significant difference between two groups before and after surgery (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between two groups (P ＞0.05).The improved rate of observation group was 87.5％ (35/40),which was higher than that of control group [85.0％ (34/40)],but without statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).In two groups the patients with middle scores showed no statistical significance in improved rate [90.0％ (27/30) vs.96.4％ (27/28)] (P ＞ 0.05).Two treatments showed a significant difference for the low scores patients 8/10 vs.7/12 (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Anterior subcutaneous with blood supply of the ulnar nerve is better than traditional anterior transposition for the gross cubital tunnel syndrome patients.

Objective To investigate the inhibition effect in vitro of mucin gene MUC2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on its gene expression and proteolytic enzyme on gastric cancer cell line. Methods Phosphorothioated MUC2 ASODN were synthesized and transfected to SGC7901 cells mediated by lipofectin. MUC2 mRNA and MUC2 protein expressed on SGC7901 cells was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical method. The inhibitory effects of ASODN on proteolytic enzyme, such as cathepsin D, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry (FCM). Results The inhibition effects peaked at 48th hour after transfection, and the inhibition rate reached 55% when the concentration of ASODN was 0.5 ?mol/L. The number of the cells treated with MUC2 ASODN was decreased as compared to the control cells. MUC2 ASODN transfection could inhibit the transition period of S phase to G2/M phase, and G2/M did not change much. The apoptosis rate was about 4.38%. As compared with blank control group, MUC2 ASODN could significantly inhibit MUC2 mRNA expression of SGC7901 cells. ASODN could downregulate the expression levels of MUC2 protein, MMP-2 and cathepsin D protein. Conclusion MUC2 ASODN transfection could specifically inhibit SGC7901 cells by downregulating the expression levels of proteolytic enzyme.