Objective　To study the characteristics of serious central nervous system(CNS) involvement in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus.Methods　We made a comparison on the level of ANA、dsDNA and positive rate of Sm、C3 between primary and secondary CNS involvement and analysed the clinical manifestations between two groups.Results　The level of ANA、dsDNA and ositive rate of Sm、C3 were not related with SLE encephalopathy;EEG was useful to the diagnosis of SLE.Conclusion　The differiential diagnosis between primary and secondary CNSD in volvement of SLE must be analysed according to clinical manifestations and other laboratory findings.

Echinococcosis is a severe zoonosis parasitic disease and mainly caused by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis. Because of the limitation of operation level,such as recurrence and death,the drug treatment is still the most important method in our country. Meanwhile,the annual number of drug treatments is far greater than surgical treatments. Drugs play a significant role in the preoperative reduction of lesions,reducing pain,extending the life of patients .This article re-views the status of animals treatment and clinical treatment of echinococcosis treated by the benzimidazole drugs and their new formulations,provides the basis for exploring the development direction of anti-echinococcosis drug treatment research.

Multiple myeloma is a more common malignant disease in blood medicine,which is characterized by hyper-proliferation and accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow,resulting in a large number of monoclonal immunoglobulins and their fragments,leading to damage to the terminal organs.Of which about 80％ of patients have multiple myeloma bone diseases (MBD),which seriously affected the quality of life and prognosis of patients.We have found that the main cause of MBD are contributed to inhibition of osteoblasts,activation of osteoclast and affecting the occurrence by a variety of cytokines and pathways.This article will review and introduce the occurrence and development of MBD related to the latest factors and treatment.

Objective To explore the reference value of interleukin(IL)-33 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF)-α in early diagnosis,illness evaluation and prognosis of acute pancreatitis(AP) by dynamically monitoring the serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α.Methods A total of 86 patients with AP were selected as objectives which were divided into two groups according the severity of illness which include 59 cases of mild AP group(MAP) and 27 cases of severe AP group(SAP),52 cases of systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) group and 34 cases of non SIRS group distinguished by SIRS,75 cases of survival group and 11 cases of death group identified by prognosis of AP.All of patients were assessed by Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis(BISAP) score within 48 h after admission and detected the serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α at the first day,third day,seventh day and fourteenth day during hospital.A total of 63 healthy persons were recruited into control group.Results The serum levels of IL-33,TNF-α and BISAP score of SAP group and MAP group were higher than those of the control group in different monitoring time,but the SAP group increased more obviously than MAP group.The serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α of SAP group were higher than those of MAP group at the first day,third day,seventh day and fourteenth day during hospital,and the differences between them had statistical significance(P<0.05).The serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α of SAP group increased to peak at the third day and reduced gradually after conventional treatment(the seventh day in the hospital).The serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α of SIRS group were significant higher than those of non SIRS group(P<0.05).The serum levels of IL-33,TNF-α and BISAP score of death group were significant higher than those of survival group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis suggested that there were positive correlations between BISAP and the serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-α of AP patients.Conclusion There is an important clinical value to the early diagnosis,severity classification,guiding clinical treatment and the assessment of prognosis of AP by dynamically monitoring the serum levels of IL-33 and TNF-αof AP patients.

Objective To evaluate myocardial coronary flow reserve of syndrom X by real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography(MCE). Methods Ten patients with syndrome X and seven normal subjects were involved in the study. Real-time MCE was performed with acoustic contrast SonoVue,and the peak video density (A), and re-turgor velocity of microvessel (β), and the product of A ×β of quiescent condition and after adenosin loading were detected,and also the coronary flow reserve (CFR, the ratio of A xβ circa-adenosin loading). Results There was no significant difference of A between syndrom X and contrast group in quiescent condition, the β and product of A x β of patients with syndrome X were lower than those of contrast group, the CFR of syndrome X was obviously less than that of contrast group.Conclusions Myocardial microvessel function is abnormal in syndrome X, real-time MCE is useful for evaluate myocardial coronary flow reserve.

Objective:To explore the protective cognition of the first batch of nurses against novel coronavirus pneumonia on apparatus-related stress injury, so as to provide reference for formulating and implementing relevant training and improving management measures.Methods:Using the phenomenological method of qualitative research, from January 20, 2020 to February 17, 2020, a half structured in-depth interview was conducted among the echelon nurses who completed the first batch of nurses against novel coronavirus pneumonia on apparatus-related stress injury. A total of 13 nurses in isolation wards were interviewed for the study.Results:Using the method of Colaizzi phenomenology to analyze the interview data, the related knowledge cognition was low, the identification of risk factors was limited, the risk assessment was not carried out, the treatment measures were not timely, the awareness of protection was lacking, the management training was not perfect, and the medical protection materials were not enough.Conclusion:The first batch of nurses to fight against novel coronavirus pneumonia had a low awareness of the prevention of medical device-related stress injury. Hospital managers should strengthen the training of related knowledge, improve management strategies, enhance the awareness of protection, and identify risk factors early, take preventive measures to ensure the safety and health of front-line medical staff in a timely manner.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of the innate immune factors TLR2 and TLR4 in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) by detecting their expression in different clinical types of CRS and the normal control group. METHOD: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 respectively in 21 cases (chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, CRSwNP) group, 15 cases (chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyos, CRSsNP) group, 11 cases recurrent CRSwNP group and 13 cases control group. Positive cells were counted under the microscope artificially, Mann-Whitney U analysis was applied for the ranked data, and one-way anova analysis was adopted to analyze the experimental group and control group. RESULT: (1) TLR2 and TLR4 expression had the same characteristics. Expression mainly concentrated in parts of the whole layer of epithelial basement membrane, cytoplasm of glandular cells, very few inflammatory cells such as monocytes and plasma cells in the cytoplasm, sometimes unknown cell nuclei positive expression. (2) The glandular cells were stained manual counting and color grading. TLR2 and TLR4 packet application Wilcoxon rank test Mann-Whitney U test analysis was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), measurement data within the group variance statistical difference between the groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The Nasal mucosa can produce the innate immune factors TLR2 and TLR4. The different expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the various clinical types of CRS suggests that they play the certain role in the pathogenesis of CRS.
Chronic Disease ; Epithelial Cells ; immunology ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Nasal Mucosa ; immunology ; metabolism ; Nasal Polyps ; immunology ; metabolism ; Rhinitis ; immunology ; metabolism ; Sinusitis ; immunology ; metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism

To study the use of data mining techniques in analyzing the syndrome discipline of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Objective To analyze the correlation between chronic diseases,depression and activities of daily living (ADL) in the elderly,and to explore the risk factors of depressive symptoms and ADL.Methods Randomized multi-stage sampling method was used to select 504 elderly (aged ≥65 years old) in Jining City.The participants were then investigated and assessed by using Geriatric Depression Scale15,Katz-Activity of Daily Living (Katz-ADL) and Lawton instrumental ADL (Lawton-IADL).Results The prevalence of chronic diseases was 74.01％ among the elderly who lived in Jining City.The positive rate of depressive symptom was 7.14％ and the rate of ADL or IADL limitation was 19.05％ and 66.67％,respectively.The positive rate of depressive symptom and the rate of ADL or IADL limitation of the male were lower than those of female (x2 values were 18.15,12.31 and 30.18,respectively; all P＜ 0.05).The number of chronic diseases was a risk factor of depressive symptom and ADL limitation (odds ratio (OR) =1.71 or 1.53,respectively).ADL and IADL limitations were also the risk factors of depressive symptom (OR =3.15 or 9.36,respectively).Over adjustment of gender and age,the impact of the number of chronic diseases on depressive symptom,ADL and IADL and the influence of ADL and IADL limitations on depressive symptom showed no statistical significance.Conclusions Gender and age may be fundamental risk factors of depressive symptom and ADL and IADL limitations in the elderly.Family members and society workers should improve ADL and positive emotion and reduce the likelihood of depressive symptom among aging population.

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of glucocorticoid versus intravenous injection of human immunoglobulin (IVIG) in treatment of with acute primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in children. Methods PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), Chinese Journal Full Text Database (CNKI) and Wanfang database were searched. The bibliography was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the target literatures were selected. The data were extracted and the quality of included literatures was evaluated. Revman 5 . 3 software was used to make meta-analysis. Results In 1500 papers searched, 8 papers met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that there was a statistical signiifcance in platelet count (PLT,>20 × 109/L) after being treated for 48 h between glucocorticoid group and IVIG group (RR=0 . 77 , 95%CI:0 . 67~0 . 89 ). In subgroup analysis, there were statistical signiifcance in methylprednisolone (MP) 30 mg/kg versus IVIG 1 g/(kg·d)× 2 d, and metacortandratin (PDN) 4 mg/kg versus IVIG 1 g/(kg·d)× 2 d (RR=0 . 66 , 95%CI:0 . 47-0 . 91;RR=0 . 79 , 95%CI:0 . 66-0 . 95 ). After treatment for 24 h and 72 h, the platelet count>20 × 109/L were signiifcantly different in glucocorticoid group and in IVIG group (RR=0 . 69 , 95%CI:0 . 53-0 . 91;RR=0 . 82 , 95%CI:0 . 74-0 . 90 ). Moreover, after treatment for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, the platelet count>50 × 109/L were signiifcantly different between glucocorticoid group and IVIG group (RR=0 . 38 ,95%CI:0 . 21-0 . 69;RR=0 . 53 , 95%CI:0 . 41-0 . 69;RR=0 . 80 , 95%CI:0 . 70-0 . 93 ). There was no difference in the incidence of splenic resection between two groups (RR=5 . 41 , 95%CI:0 . 95-30 . 74 , P=0 . 06 ). Conclusion The probability of platelet count to reach>20 × 109/L in the initial treatment with glucocorticoid of acute ITP patients were 32%lower than that with IVIG. With the initial therapeutic target being platelet count>50 × 109/L in 3 days, the effect of IVIG was better.