After the basic properties of literature-related citation network, co-authorship network and co-words network were analyzed and the advances in their application research were summarized in aspects of their construc-tion methods, size and research depth, it was pointed out that article similarity networks could be constructed using the article similarity algorithm, and their basic properties and features were analyzed.

Co-occurrence network of major MeSH terms and all MeSH terms was constructed respectively with MEDLINE-covered pharmacological literature as its example.The degree, closeness and betweenness of centrality in different nodes of the two co-occurrence networks were analyzed , the distribution of scale-free properties in the two co-occurrence networks was tested, the small-world effect of the two co-occurrence networks was identified by comparing their overall properties ( average distance and clustering coefficient ) , which showed the scale-free properties and small-world effect of the two co-occurrence networks.The co-occurrence network of all MeSh terms could thus be used in analysis of network properties while that of major MeSH terms could thus be used in analysis of subject contents.

Objective To study wrong diagnosis in the patients with epidemic hemorrhage fever in the early stage. Method To analyze the data such as the time of making wrong diagnosis,the wrong diagnosis,the department of treatment and the hospital of treatment before the diagnosis was made and the relationship between the clinical type and making wrong diagnosis. Results Making wrong diagnosis in the patients with epidemic hemorrhage fever was common (88.97%),and it was more happened in the early stage,in the non-typical and mild patients and in the lower grade hospitals.The wrong diagnosis rate (28.95%,11/38)was lower in the Infectious disease department than in the other department (93.65%),P

Objective To explore the causes of bone fascia compartment syndrome after radial artery coronary artery intervention and sum up the nursing experience. Method The clinical data of 8 patients with bone fascia compartment syndrome after radial artery coronary artery intervention from January 2009 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively to summarize the nursing countermeasures, including close observation of illness, swelling and pain nursing, medication and blood and monitoring of coagulation functions. Result The forearm of all patients were painful, swollen and enlarged, 6 of them with radial pulse abating,1 with finger pulling pain, 2 with muscle decreasing. Conclusions The early observation and treatment of bone fascia compartment syndrome are critical. Great importance to the complaints of patients should be attached in view of the causes of complications so that effective nursing strategy can be taken to save time of conservative treatment, alleviate the patients'pains and promote their early recovery.

Background Retinal vascular recanalization is key to the treatment of retinal vascular occlusive disease.Studies confirmed that urokinase by intravitreal injection inhibits the expression of occludin protein at tight junction complexes among retinal capillary endothelial cells.Objective This study was to observe the effects of urokinase via eye local injection on the outward permeability of blood-retinal barrier by detecting the concentration of intravitreal Evans blue (EB).Methods Sixty healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to four groups,and the right eyes of the rats were used as experimental eyes.Urokinase of 4 μl (350 U) and the equal volume of PBS (0.01 mol/L) was intravitreally injected separately in the intravitreal urokinase group and the intravitreal PBS group,and 10 μl urokinase (1000U) and the equal volume of PBS was injected via retrobulbar tissue respectively as the retrobulbar urokinase group and the retrobulbar PBS group.Twenty-four hours after injection of drugs,0.5％ EB 4 μl was intravitreally injected.Four hours later,the rats were sacrificed and the right eyeballs were excised for the extraction and drying.EB was extracted from dried vitreous by formamide.Then,the concentration of EB in formamide was determined by a formamide extraction-ultraviolet spectrophotometry method to calculate the concentration of EB in vitreous.The use and care of experimental animals followed the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission (2011 version).Results The rat vitreous body showed the light blue color in intravitreal urokinase group and the retinal vessels were visible under the microscope,and that in the retrobulbar urokinase group presented blue color.However,in the intravitreal and retrobulbar PBS group,rat vitreous exhibited the deeper blue color and retinas were invisible.Absorbance of EB in formamide was 0.181 ±0.008,0.450±0.017,0.330±0.009 and 0.436±0.012 in the intravitreal urokinase group,intravitreal PBS group,retrobulbar urokinase group and retrobulbar PBS group,respectively.The intravitreal EB concentrations in the intravitreal urokinase group were (0.266±0.014)g/L,which was lower than (0.667±0.026) g/L,(0.496±0.015) g/L and (0.657±0.017) g/L of the intravitreal PBS group,retrobulbar urokinase group and retrobulbar PBS group,showing significant different among the four groups (F =100.406,P＜0.01),and the intravitreal urokinase group showed the lowest value in comparison with other three groups (all at P＜0.01).Conclusions Local application of urokinase around eye can augment the outward permeability of blood-retinal barrier in rats.Intravitreal assay of EB after intravitreal injection is a feasible approach to the determination of outward permeability of blood-retinal barrier.

Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) has been a mainstay in the management of coronary artery disease since its introduction in the late 1970s.Bare-metal stents and,more recently,first-generation drug-eluting stents(DES),such as sirolimus-eluting(Cypher) and paclitaxel-eluting stents(Taxus),have further improved results of percutaneous coronary intervention by improving early results and reducing the risk of restenosis.There are currently debates on the safety of these first-generation DES,given the potential for late stent thrombosis which is a first-generation drug-eluting stent of the largest security issue,especially after discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy.Next-generation DES such as everolimus-eluting stents(Xience V) holds the promise of superior anti-restenosis efficacy as well as long-term safety.This review makes a presentation of the evidence-based clinical research according to everolimus-eluting stents(Xience Ⅴ).

Objective To study the effect of anticholinesterase agents on acantholysis in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) by using a mouse model.Methods Fifty-five neonatal BALB/c mice were divided into four groups:model group injected subcutaneously with the sera of patients with PV (n =15),pyridostigmine bromide group (n =15) and neostigmine methylsulfate group (n =15) subcutaneously injected with pyridostignine bromide and neostigmine methylsulfate respectively,in addition to the sera of PV patients,control group subcutaneously injected with sodium chloride physiological solution (n =10).The effect of anticholinesterase agents on acantholysis in PV was evaluated in terms of clinical presentation,histopathological manifestations and direct immunofluorescence findings.Results The injection of sera from PV patients induced characteristic changes of PV in neonatal BALB/c mice in the model group.The degree of acantholysis in the model group was higher than that in the pyridostigmine bromide group (H =21.584,P ＜ 0.001) and neostigmine methylsulfate group (H =20.641,P ＜ 0.001).No changes were observed in the control group.Conclusion Anticholinesterase agents can reduce the degree of acantholysis in the mouse model of PV.

The high frequency subject terms were extracted from the PubMed-covered papers published from January 2000 to March 2015 on text mining of biomedical field to generate the matrix of high frequency subject terms and their source papers.The co-occurrence of high frequency subject terms in a same paper was analyzed by clustering analysis.The hotspots in text mining of biomedical field were analyzed according to the clustering analysis of high frequency subject terms and their corresponding class labels, which showed that the hotspots in text mining of bio-medical field were the basic technologies of text mining, application of text mining in biomedical informatics and in extraction of drugs-related facts.

Multiple myeloma is a more common malignant disease in blood medicine,which is characterized by hyper-proliferation and accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow,resulting in a large number of monoclonal immunoglobulins and their fragments,leading to damage to the terminal organs.Of which about 80％ of patients have multiple myeloma bone diseases (MBD),which seriously affected the quality of life and prognosis of patients.We have found that the main cause of MBD are contributed to inhibition of osteoblasts,activation of osteoclast and affecting the occurrence by a variety of cytokines and pathways.This article will review and introduce the occurrence and development of MBD related to the latest factors and treatment.