Objective To establish a method for the determination of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) in the cerebrospinal fluid of rats by gas chromatography and to know whether MTBE can penetrate the blood brain barrier. Methods 9 male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and then exposed to MTBE by gavage at a dose of 1000 mg/kg?bw and by inhalation at a dose of 8 ml/L for 30 days. The cerebrospinal fluid was collected at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h respectively at the end of treatment and the MTBE in rats cerebrospinal fluid was determined by gas chromatography. Results MTBE was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of rats after subchronic exposure of MTBE through gavage and inhalation. Conclusion MTBE is able to penetrate the blood brain barrier and reach the brain.

Objective:To explore the role of clinical pharmacists participating in analgesic pharmaceutical care. Methods:Through participating in the analgesic treatment of a patient with left upper lung adenocarcinoma complicated with bone metastases,clinical pharmacists analyzed the rationalization of analgesic drug use in the cancer patient and the contents of pharmaceutical care. Results:Clinical pharmacists timely discovered and solved the problems and provided reasonable advice for clinics during the whole pharmaceutical care process of the cancer patient. Conclusion:Analgesic pharmaceutical care carried out by clinical pharmacists is beneficial to promoting the individualization and standardization of pain treatment,which plays an important role in the rational drug use,reduce adverse drug reactions and so on.

目的探讨运动想像和促进技术对偏瘫肩痛的康复疗效。方法31例脑卒中后偏瘫患者被随机分成运动想像和促进技术组(治疗组)18例与一般康复治疗组(对照组)13例。采用Partridge方法进行疼痛程度的评估。结果治疗后两组疼痛程度积分均明显下降(P<0.01)。治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论运动想像和促进技术对偏瘫肩痛的康复治疗有一定的疗效。

Objective Systemic analysis the effect of the application of continuity nursing in community diabetes.Methods Retrieve documents from the PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Science Direct,CBM,WANFANG Data and CNKI.Dating from the dates of establishment to May,2014.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on continuity of patient care for patients with diabetes were included.Two reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted the data and assessed the quality of the included studies,and then meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.1 software.Results 5 RCTs (156 cases with diabetes) were involved into this Meta-analysis.The experimental group was superior to the control group in FBG,2h PBG,HbA1c and the level of treatment compliance,with statistically significant differences,P＜0.05.The descriptive analysis showed that the differences in the score of diabetes knowledge and the quality of life were statistically significant,P＜0.05,because the data could not be converted.Conclusions The continuity nursing can improve the compliance and the quality of life of community diabetes,ameliorate certain biochemical indicators.Study of large sample and RCTs should be take because of the existence of some restraining factors.

Objective To explore the situation of respiratory virus co-infection with EV71 and CA16 in patients with hand,foot and mouse disease(HFMD) ,and analyze the influence of co-infection on clinical aspects.Methods From June to October of 2010,there were 348 patients enrolled in the study,with 248 hospitalization cases and 100 mild outpatients.All the patients were diagnosed as HFMD in Beijing You-an Hospital.The viral RNA from the pharynx swab samples were extracted and reversely transcribed by RT-PCR.All the samples were detected with the EV71 and CA16 by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Twelve kinds of respiratory viruses were detected by a commercial multiplex-PCR method.The PCR products were confirmed by electrophoresis.Chi square test was used in the data analysis.Results Of the 348 HFMD patients,36 subjects were detected as positive for respiratory virus co-infection.In the 248 hospitalization cases,111 cases were positive for EV71 or CA16,with eight cases identified with respiratory virus co-infection(7.2%); the other 137 cases were negative for EV71 and CA16,with eleven cases identified with respiratory virus co-infection(7.4%).There was not significant difference between respiratory virus co-infection and the identification of EV71 /CA16(x2 = 0.059,P ＞ 0.05).In the 100 mild outpatients positive for EV71 or CA16,seventeen cases were identified with respiratory virus co-infection(17%).The rate of respiratory virus co-infection in the mild outpatients was much higher than in the severe hospitalization patients(x2 = 4.830,P＜ 0.05).Among the 111 EV71(+) or CA16(+) inpatients,there were 101 cases diagnosed as severe cases(91.0%); similarly,there were 132 cases diagnosed as severe cases(96.4%) among the 137 EV71(-) CA16(-) cases.There was not difference between the identification of EV71/ CA 16 and illness of HFMD(x2 = 3.099,P ＞ 0.05).The leading respiratory virus being identified were HRV A/B,PIV3 and FLU A in the 348 HFMD patients.Conclusions Co-infection with respiratory virus exists in the HFMD patients. However,the respiratory virus infection has no significant influence to the state of HFMD illness.

Teaching urinary system diseases by problem-based learning method for eight-year program medical students was applied in nephrology department in affiliated Tongji hospital of Huazhong university of science and technology since 2008.They had accumulated experiences in compiling teaching plan,fostering teachers,practicing teaching and evaluating teaching.These steps may future intensify education reform on long schooling system and improve teaching quality of eight-year program.

Medical educational internationalization has already made teaching medical courses in English more and more important.Nephrology department in Tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji medical college,Huazhong university of science and technology has assumed the responsibility of teaching in English for medical students of five-year program,six-year program,seven-year program,eight-year program,and abroad student for several years.They practiced teaching in English in theory teaching,PBL teaching and clinical teaching according to the characteristics and requisitions of students in different educational systems.They accumulated some experiences,which was conducive to improving the quality of teaching in English.

Objective To fabricate cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) oriented scaffolds and investigate the attachment, proliferation, distribution and orientation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured within the scaffolds in vitro. Methods Cartilage slices were shattered in sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and the suspension were differentially centrifugated untill the micro- fiber of the cartilage extracellular matrix was disassociated from the residue cartilage fragments. At last the supernatant were centrifugated, the precipitation were collected and were made into 2%-3% suspension. Using unidirectional solidification as a freezing process and freeze-dried method, the cartilage extracellular matrix derived oriented scaffolds was fabricated. The scaffolds were then cross-linked by exposure to ultraviolet radiation and immersion in a carbodiimide solution. By light microscope and scan electron microscope (SEM) observation, histological staining, and biomechanical test, the traits of scaffolds were studied. After being labelled with PKH26 fluorescent dye, rabbit BMSCs were seeded onto the scaffolds. The attachment, proliferation and differentiation of the cells were analyzed using inverted fluorescent microscope. Results The histological staining showed that toluidine blue, safranin O, alcian blue and anti-collagen Ⅱ immunohistochemistry staining of the scaffolds were positive. A perpendicular pore-channel structures which has a diameter of 100 μm were verified by light microscope and SEM analysis. The cell-free scaffolds showed the compression moduli were (2.02±0.02) MPa in the mechanical testing. Inverted fluorescent microscope showed that most of the cells attached to the scaffold. Cells were found to be widely distributed within the scaffold, which acted as a columnar arrangement. The formation of a surface cells layer was found on the surface of the scaffolds which resembled natural cartilage. Coclusion The cartilage extracellular matrix derived oriented scaffolds have promising biological, structural, and mechanical properties.

Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; rehabilitation ; Pneumoconiosis ; rehabilitation ; Respiratory Therapy

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of diplopore potassium ion channel TRESK mRNA in dorsal root ganlion (DRG) in rats with neuropathic pain (NP) .Methods Thirty-two male SD rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 16 each) : group sham operation (group S) and group NP. NP was induced by ligation and severance of left tibial and common fibular nerves according to the technique described by Decosterd. Eight rats in each group were sacrificed 1 day before and 14 day after operation and their L4,5 DRGs in the operated side were isolated for determination of TRESK mRNA expression by RT-PCR. In the remaining 8 rats in each group paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimuli ( MWT) and paw withdrawal latency to a thermal nociceptive stimulus (TWL) were measured at 1 day before (baseline) and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 day after operation. Results MWT was significantly lower in group NP than in group S. The TRESK mRNA expression in L4,5 DRGs in the operated side was significantly decreased after operation as compared with the baseline before operation in group NP and was significantly lower in group NP than in group S. Conclusion The development and maintenance of NP may be closely related with down-regulation of TRESK mRNA.