Classification,toxicity and determination method progress especially the pretreatment and limit of quantitation of beauvericin (BEA) and 4 main kinds of enniatins (ENNs) including enniatins A (ENA),enniatins A1 (ENA1),enniatins B (ENB) and enniatins B1 (ENB1) in food were introduced.The contamination levels of BEA,4 kinds of ENNs and their co-occurrence mycotoxins in food from Spain,Morocco,Italy,Japan and some other countries were analyzed.Establishment of high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) determination method for the complex food matrix was suggested.

Objective: To observe and analyze the efficacy and safety of naloxone in the treatment of patients with pulmonary encephalopathy. Methods:50 patients with pulmonary encephalopathy were randomly divided into the observation group and the con-trol group. All the patients were carried out continuous oxygen with non-invasive ventilator. The control group was treated with the con-ventional treatment, and the observation group was given naloxone on the basis of conventinal treatment. The treatment course was 7 days. The clinical efficacy, clinical indicators and adverse events of the two groups were observed. Results:The total effective rate of the observation group reached 92. 00%, which was higher than that of the control group without statistical significance (72. 00%, P>0. 05). The levels of pH, PaO2, PaCO2, angiotensinⅡand IL-8 were significantly improved in both groups after the treatment (P<0. 05), and the improvement in the observation group was much better than that in the control group (P<0. 05). The incidence of ad-verse reactions of the two groups after the treatment showed no significant difference (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Early application of naloxone in the treatment of pulmonary encephalopathy can improve the clinical indices significantly with low incidence of adverse reac-tions and high safety, which is worthy of promoted use in clinics.

Objective To investigate the application value of human papillomavirus (HPV) combined with thinprep cytology test (TCT) detection in screening of cervical cancer. Methods 276 patients were enrolled to have HPV and TCT tests at Department of Gynecology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January to December in 2014. Pathological examine was applied to the patients with abnormal results of HPV and TCT. The diagnostic value of HPV, TCT and their combinations was evaluated by the diagnostic sensitivity and the rate of coincidence with the pathological examine results. Results The sensitivity of HPV and its coincidence with the pathological examine results were 81.52 % (225/276) and 79.56 % (179/225), respectively, while those of TCT were 87.68%(242/276) and 76.86%(186/242), respectively. The coincidence rate between the combination method and the pathological examination was higher (94.71%, 197/208) than the individual test. Conclusion HPV combined with TCT detection can reduce the misdiagnosis rate and improve the diagnostic accuracy rate, indicating that this method is of great value in the cervical cancer screening.

Objective To analyze and evaluate the relationship between hepoatocelluar carcinoma incidence and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) expression in choronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with long-term treatment of nucleoside analogue therapy.Methods The clinical data of 56 CHB patients with long-term treatment of nucleoside analogue therapy except for hepoatocelluar carcinoma (experimental group)were summarized retrospectively,and all patients underwent anti-viral therapy with no less than 5 years.The clinical data of 56 CHB patients without anti-viral therapy in the same period (control group) were collected.The risk factors of hepoatocelluar carcinoma were analyzed.Results The incidence of hepoatocelluar caroinoma was 7.14％ (4/56) in experimental group and 19.64％ (11/56) in control group,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of hepoatocelluar carcinoma was 0 in patients with positive HBeAg without cirrhosis (36 cases) in experimental group and 1/8 in patients with negative HBeAg without cirrhosis in experimental group,and there was significant difference (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Long-term treatment of nucleoside analogue therapy can reduce but bot eliminate the hepatocellular carcinoma risk in patients with CHB,especially in those with negative HBeAg.HBeAg negativity is a significant risk factor for the development of hepallerular carcinoma in CHB patients without liver cirrhosis.

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the middle and elderly patients with chest pain from department of emergency.Methods Totally 1200 patients suffering from chest pain were enrolled from July 2009 to August 2009.All patients were scored by self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self evaluation anxious scale (SAS).Results 383 cases of 912 patients(42.0％) with coronary heart disease (CAD) and 58 of 288 patients (20.1％) without CAD had depression,with a statistically significant difference (x2 =44.98,P=0.002).Odds ratio (OR) for CAD in patients with depression was 2.5,with 95 ％ confidence interval (CI) of 1.0-5.0 (P ＜0.05).Conclusions There is high prevalence of depression and anxiety as independent risk factors for CAD.

Sixty patients with ulcerative colitis (UC),including 28 males and 32 females were enrolled in the study.Color Doppler ultrasonographic scans were performed and the disease activity was estimated base on the Sourtherland score index (DAI).On the sonography the colon with active inflammatory disease showed bowel wall thickening,alteration of layers structure or even discrimination and increased vascular signals.Using DAI as the gold standard,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accurate rate for ultrasonography in assessment of UC activity were 90.0％ (36/40),75.0％ ( 15/20),87.8％ (36/41),78.9％ (15/19),85.0％ (51/60),respectively.In conclusion,Color Doppler ultrasonography provides a convenient technique for assessment of bowel involvement and inflammatory activity in ulcerative colitis with high sensitivity and accuracy.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum albumin, bilirubin and cognitive impairment in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Serum albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin were analyzed in 89 cases of MCI and 82 cases of cognitively normal control. All of the cases underwent neuropsychological testing by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The risk factors of MCI were subject to Logistic regression analysis. Results The serum level of total bilirubin in MCI group were significantly lower than that in controls (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in albumin between MCI and control group (P > 0.05). The bilirubin level was positively correlated with MMSE scores and MoCA scores (including attention, delayed recall and abstract) (P < 0.05), while no significant correlation between serum albumin level and scores of MMSE and MoCA (P > 0.05) by using Spearman correlation analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, education level, diabetes and serum bilirubin levels were independent risk factors for MCI. Conclusion Our data show that decreased serum level of bilirubin is positively related to cognitive impairment.

Medicinal plants of the Fructus Amomi containing three species (A momum villosum, A momum longiligu-lare, Amomum villosum var. xanthioides)are well-known, which are widely used as traditional medicines. The mor-phological characteristics of the three origins are very similar, especially in the form of seed. In this study, 60 sam-ples of Fructus Amomi were co llected, and 34 sequences of the Fructus Amomi and their adulterants from GenBank were analyzed. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. All the ITS2 sequences here (including our ex-periments and GenBank data)were examined for SNPs at the interspecies level. Results from the study revealed that two stable bases at position 135 bp and 199 bp were found, which could be used as a unique marker to distinguish the three origins of Fructus Amomi. The two SNPs in the ITS2 were found to exist stably between the three species, and all the GenBank sequences of the Fructus Amomi. Our findings indicated that SNP-based DNA barcoding could be used as an efficient method for the rapid and accurate identification of the three origins of Fructus Amomi.

BACKGROUND:There are various methodstoinduceadipogenic differentiation ofbone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, and the main componentfor adipogenic induction isindomethacin or rosiglitazone. However, there is a lack of comparative studyonthe induction efficiency and mechanism among these methods.
OBJECTIVE:Tocompare the adipogenic responses ofhuman bone marrow mesenchymal stem celsto different induction methods, and to analyze the mechanismunderlyingdifferent induction efficiency.
METHODS:After isolation and purification,the adipogenic abilitiesof human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels in threedifferentculture systemswere comparedby oil red O staining and lipogenic geneassay. At 0, 1, 3 and 7 days of adipogenensis, mRNA expressionsof PPARγ, C/EBPα, Adiponectin and Leptin were detected.At7 daysofadipogenensis, protein expressionsof PPARγ and C/EBPβ were detectedby western blot assay,andeffects ofDIMIversusDIMRonphosphorylationofPPARγatSer273were compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Findings from oil red O staining andreal-time PCRshowedthat DIMR significantlyinducedadipogenicdifferentiation of bonemarrow mesenchymal stem cels compared with DIM and DIMI at 7 daysofinduction. Western blot showed thattheprotein expressionsof PPARγ and C/EBPβ in the DIMIgroupwere significantly higher than those in the DIMRand DIM at 7days ofinduction. In addition, the ratio ofPPARγphosphorylation atSer273was lowerin the DIMR group thantheDIMI group.To conclude,DIMR has the most potential to induce early adipogenesis ofhumanbone marrow mesenchymal stem cels by weakening the phosphorylationof PPARγ-Ser273.

Objective To validate the effectiveness of the Chinese version of the EORTC QLQ‐OES18 in the patients with e‐sophageal cancer .Methods The QLQ‐OES18 questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life in 112 patients with esophageal cancer .The results of various items were statistically analyzed by adopting the Cronbach′s coefficient ,Spearman correlation analy‐sis ,multiple strengthen analysis and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test .Results The Cronbach′sαcoefficient of four multi‐item dimensions (dysphagia ,eating ,reflux and pain) was 0 .607-0 .822 ,moreover the correlation coefficients of all items with their own dimensions were more than those of other dimensions .The absolute values of correlation coefficients in each dimension between EORTC QLQ‐OES18 and EORTC QLQ‐C30 were 0 .002-0 .538 .The difference of swallowing item among the groups by KPS scores had statisti‐cal significance (P<0 .05) .Conclusion EORTC QLQ‐OES18 scale has better credibility and validity ,and can be used for evalua‐ting the quality of life in the patients with esophageal cancer .