Objective To investiGate the distribution of clinical infectious pathoGens and druG resistance status of common bacteria in the Ninth Peopleˊs Hospital Affiliated to medicine School of ShanGhai Jiao TonG University in 20l2. Methods Clinical isolated bacterial strains were collected from the Ninth Peopleˊs Hospital Affiliated to medicine School of ShanGhai Jiao TonG University durinG 20l2. The identification of bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility were determined by VITEK 2 COMPACT automatic microbioloGy analyzer. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5. 4 software. Results A total of 3456 pathoGenic strains were collected. Of them,Gram positive cocci,Gram neGative bacilli and funGus accounted for 20. 3%,76. 8% and 2. 9% respectively. Methicillin resistant strains in S. aureus( MRSA ) and coaGulase neGative Staphylococcus ( MRCNS)accounted for averaGe of 44. 4% and 85. 5% respectively. No vancomycin and linezolid resistant strains were found. Extended spectrumβ-lactamases strains accounted for 66. 4% and 30. 6% in Escherichia coli ( E. coli)and Klebsiella spp respectively. Strains of E. coli and Klebsiella spp were still hiGhly susceptible to imipenem. Resistance rates of P. aeruGinosa and A. baumannii sppstrains to imipenem were 8. 3% and 58. 4%respectively. Conclusion The major clinical pathoGenic microorGanisms in the Ninth Peopleˊs Hospital Affiliated to medicine School of ShanGhai Jiao TonG University are still Gram neGative bacilli. Baterial resistance is serious. It is important to strenGthen the detection of resistant bacteria in routine work,which is useful for rational use of antimicrobial aGents.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the preparation technique and optimal formulation of ketoconazole calcium alginate gel beads.METHODS:Ketoconazole calcium alginate gel beads were prepared by droplet method.The orthogonal experiment was carried out with encapsulation efficiency(EE)and drug loading(LD)as indexes to optimize the optimal formulation of the calcium alginate gel beads.The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading amount for the optimized formulation were determined,and the optimized formulation was compared with crude drug in respect of the in vitro drug release behavior.RESULTS:The result showed that the optimal formulation was as follows:2.0% Na-alginate and 0.3mol? L-1 CaCl2 with the ratio of Na-alginate:ketoconazole at 2∶ 1.The average EE and LD were(90.53? 2.32)% and(31.51? 2.08)%,respectively,and the slow-release was better as compared with that of the crude drug.CONCLUSION:The preparation procedure is simple,feasible,stable and reproducible.

This article selected several typical clinical cases, analyzed many factors affect the doctor-patient relationship of ethical issues and new technology of differentiating the ethical dilemma for clinical application, and put forward some suggestions for the reference of medical staff , hospital ethics committees and health policy makers.

Objective To investigate the expression of aquaporin-3 (AQP3) in tongue tissues of rats with experimental severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and regulating effects of emodin. Methods Rat models with SAP were established by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate retrogradely into gallbladder and pancreas. SD male rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, and emodin group. After model establishment, rats in the emodin group received gavage with emodin 20 mg/kg each day, while rats in the model group and sham-operation group received gavage with normal saline. The mental state, thick greasy tongue fur and mortality of rats were observed every day after model establishment, and 5 days later, protein and genetic expression of AQP3 were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. Results Compared with the model group, the mortality and the thick greasy tongue fur significantly decreased, the protein and genetic expression of AQP3 significantly decreased in the emodin group (P<0.05). On the 5th day, 11 rats in the model group survived, and 5 rats had thick greasy tongue fur. Compared with the sham-operation group, the protein and genetic expression of AQP3 in the model group were higher (P<0.05). Conclusion Emodin can improve the severity of SAP and decrease the incidence of thick greasy tongue fur significantly by reducing the protein and genetic expression of AQP3.

Obiective To elaborate the application of PCT/CT orientation Gamma Knife in the body.Methods From May, 2007 to May, 2008, PET/CT equipment was used on 120 cases with gamma knife body positioning and image fusion, Re-sults The PET/CT scan may not have iodine in the contrast agent to enhance the effective conduct of tumor imaging and CT position provides more simple and more accurate image information to guide target(GTV) of the outline. Conclusion The PET/CT in the gamma knife treatment can improve in the positioning accuracy of GIN, and improve treatment opportunity for iodine allergy patients.

Objective To dynamically the preparation process of Huangqi injection and to verify the rationality and existing problems of the process. Methods The preparation was made by the current standard (WS3-B-3335-98) issued by Ministry of Health, and the solid amount of the key processes were measured. The HPLC separation was performed on a Agilent Zorbax Bio-C18 reversed-phase column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5μm) in gradient mode of acetonitrile-water with UV detection at 254 nm. The column temperature was kept at 25 ℃, and the flow rate of mobile phase was 1.0 ml/min. Results Solid amounts of different operations of Huangqi injection were measured accurately. The content of the third water extracts was only 6.1%, and the changes of HPLC pointed the content of the 12 peaks of the second peaks decreased obviously. Conclusion The technological rationality of Huangqi injection need to be verified and optimized, the dynamic analysis of HPLC describes the changes of chemical constituents of Huangqi injection qualitatively, which also provides a reference value for establishing its fingerprint.

AIM:To investigate the influence of matrine (MA) on the phenotype switching of mouse mono-cytes and alveolar macrophages induced by bleomycin ( BLM) .METHODS:All mice were randomly divided into normal saline (NS) group, BLM group, BLM+NS group and BLM +MA group.The mice were administered with BLM at 2.5 mg/kg via oropharyngeal instillation .The mice in BLM+MA group were treated with MA (15 mg· kg-1 · d-1 ) by oral gavage following BLM administration .The mice were sacrificed on days 3, 7, 14, and 21.The lungs were removed for pathological analysis .The circulating monocyte subsets and polarization state of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF)-de-rived alveolar macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry .RESULTS:The results of HE and Masson trichrome staining in BLM and BLM+NS groups exhibited classical pathological stages of lung fibrosis , including acute inflammation phase and later fibrosis phase .Compared with BLM +NS group, MA treatment alleviated the inflammatory response and the de-gree of fibrosis induced by BLM (P<0.05).There was a rapid change of circulating Ly6Chi monocytes and its magnitude was positively associated with the pulmonary inflammatory response .An expansion of M2-like alveolar macrophages was positively correlated with the magnitude of lung fibrosis .Moreover , MA treatment partially normalized the phenotype switc-hing of monocytes and alveolar macrophages .CONCLUSION:Matrine treatment attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary injury partially via modulating the phenotype switching of monocytes and alveolar mocrophages .

Objective To study the influence of survivin targetedly inhibited with antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN)technique on the apoptosis of hepatoma carcinoma cells SMMC-7221,and to clarify the mechanism of promotion effect of survivin-ASODN on the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells.Methods The ASODN sequence of survivin marked by FAM fluorescein was designed and synthized. The SMMC-7721 cells were transfected by different concentrations (100,200,300,400,and 600 nmol· L-1 )of survivin-ASODN (ASODN transfection groups),at the same time blank control group and blank liposome control group and sense oligonucleotide (SODN) control group were set up.The apoptotic rates and the changes of cell cycle of the SMMC-7721 cells 24,48,and 72 h after transfected with different concentrations of survivin-ASODN were detected by FCM. The expression levels of survivin were measured by Western blotting method.Results Compared with each control group,24 h after transfection,the apoptotic rates of survivin-ASODN transfected SMMC-7221 cells were increased,the growth of cells was inhibited (P<0.05),and the effects had time-dose dependent tendency.48 h after transfection,the hypodiploid apoptotic peak appeared in ASODN transfection groups before G1 phase, the number of the cells at G0/G1 phase was decreased (P<0.05)and the number of the cells at G2/M phase wsa increased (P<0.05). Compared with each control group,the survivin expression levels in the SMMC-7721 cells in ASODN transfection groups were decreased (P<0.05 ), and the effects of survivin-ASODN was time-dose dependent (P<0.05 ). Conclusion Survivin-ASODN can block the expression of survivin in SMMC-7721 cells and inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells by changing the cell cycle and increasing apoptosis in a time-dose dependent manner.

[Objective]To review and summarize the academic experience of Professor LAO Changhui in the treatment of postinfective cough.[Methods]By clinical shadowing,recording medical cases and reviewing literature,the clinical experience of Professor LAO in the treatment of postinfective cough was summarized from three aspects:etiology and pathogenesis,clinical treatment,feeding and nursing.Two medical records were attached to support it.[Results]Professor LAO believes that the postinfective cough belongs to the category of cough in traditional Chinese medicine and the key of differentiation lies in external and internal injury.The treatment should be carried out according to the physiological characteristics of lung"preferring moist,hating dryness and not resistant to cold",and prescription should be based on pathological products and functions of Zang-Fu organs.Xuanfei Huatan Decoction and Shegan Mahuang Decoction were the main prescriptions for patients whose postinfective cough was caused by external factors;while Liujunzi Decoction was the main prescription for patients whose postinfective cough caused by internal injury.This article also discussed dietary therapy for cough after infection.In the first case cited,Professor LAO identified it as phlegmatic hygrosis syndrome,and used Shegan Mahuang Decoction.By warming the lung and evaporating fluid,the lung can restore the function of dispersiveness.In the second case,Professor LAO identified it as liver depression and Qi stagnation,and used Banxia Xiexin Decoction.By soothing the liver and regulating Qi,balancing cold and heat,making the Qi movement normal,all symptoms were relieved.[Conclusion]Professor LAO focuses on the differentiation of external and internal injuries in the treatment of postinfective cough,emphasizes the combination of disease and syndrome differentiation,adds or subtracts drugs according to the pathological products of patients and the function of Zang-Fu organs,pays attention to diet care,and has achieved stable clinical efficacy,which is convenient for clinical application and promotion.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of brucea javanica oil emulsion combined with DP chemotherapy in treating advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods Totally 48 patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer were divided into two groups randomly by mechanical sampling method.Twenty-four cases in treatment group were treated by brucea javanica oil emulsion combined with DP chemotherapy, while 24 cases in control group were treated by DP chemotherapy only.The clinical effects were evaluated after treatment of two cycles.Results The short-term effective rate was 54.2% (13/24) in treatment group and 45.8% (11/24) in control group, and there was no significant difference between two groups ( χ2 = 0.333, P = 0.564).The rate of increased and stable life quality was 87.5%(21/24) in treatment group and 58.3%(14/24) in control group,and there was significant difference between two groups (χ2 = 5.169,P = 0.023).The rate of increased and stable weight was 79.2% (19/24) in treatment group and 45.8%( 11/24) in control group, and there was significant difference between two groups (χ2 = 5.689,P = 0.017).The incidence of nausea or vomiting was 45.8% (11/24) in treatment group and 41.7%( 10/24 ) in control group, and there was no significant difference between two groups (χ2 = 0.085, P = 0.771 ).Compared with those in control group, patients in treatment group had less adverse effects in decreasing of peripheral blood leucocytes and showed better immune function.Conclusion Brucea javanica oil emulsion combined with DP chemotherapy in treating advanced non-small-cell lung cancer has good clinical effect, especially enhances the quality of life, improves immune function and decreases the adverse effects of chemotherapy.