Objective To evaluate the cerebrovascular reserve(CVR) in patients of ischemic stroke with cerebrovascular stenosis by Xenon-enhanced CT. Methods Twenty subjects of ischemic stroke with cerebrovascular stenosis were recruited. All subjects were examined by Xenon-enhanced CT before and after acetazolamide (ACZ) challenge test to quantitatively measure the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and CVR. Results We compared the rCBF in the corresponding region supplied with stenosed artery (divided manually) with that in the region of normal side. There was no significant difference in resting rCBF but in CVR [ipsilateral side vs. normal side ( 5.9 ± 24. 3 ) % vs ( 25.9 ± 32. 6 ) % , P ＜ 0. 05]. Conclusion Impaired CVR is an important character of the patients with cerebrovascular stenosis suffered from ischemic stroke.

Objective To assess the clinical value of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) for the treatment of metastatic liver leiomyosarcoma(MLL).Methods CT triphasic scanning and TACE were performed in 8 patients with MLL,which was proved by fine-needle aspiration biopsy and immunohistochemical study.A follow-up of 1-3 years was conducted.Based on the enhancement degree of the hepatic lesion and the DSA manifestations of the lesion,which were observed both before and after TACE,and also on the survival time,the therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated.Results Of the eight cases,single metastasis was seen in 3 and multiple metastasis in 5.Excellent result was obtained in 6 cases and good result in 2 cases.Based on the imaging findings,marked effect was seen in 3 cases,good effect in 4 cases and no improvement in one case.The surviva1 rate at 1,2 and 3 years was 87.8%,50.0% and 37.8% respectively.Conclusion TACE is a safe and effective treatment for MLL.

Objective To investigate the effects of remifentanil on sinoatrial (SA) node autorhythmicity in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four healthy rabbits of both sexes weighing 1.8-2.2 kg were sacrificed.Their hearts were removed and sinoatrial nodes were dissected and placed in Tyrode solution saturated with 95 ％ O2-5 ％ CO2 at 36 ℃.The action potentials of the sinus node pacemaker cells were recorded by intracellular glass microelectrode technique.The experiment was performed in 3 parts (n =8 each).Part Ⅰ:the sinoatrial node was exposed to remifentanil 2,4,8,16 and 32 ng/ml respectively.The action potentials were recorded after the sinoatrial nodes were exposed to each concentration of remifentanil for 15 min.Part Ⅱ and Ⅲ:the sinoatrial nodes were first exposed to Ca2+ channel agonist Bay K8644 0.5 μmol/L or K+ channel blocker TEA 20 nmol/L for 15 min.Then remifentanil was added until the concentration reached 16 ng/ml (final concentration) and 15 min later the action potentials were recorded.The action potential parameters included,amplitude of action potential (APA),rate of pacemaker firing (RPF),action potential duration at 90％ repolarization (APD90) and velocity of diastolic depolarization (VDD).Results Remifentanil significantly decreased,APA,RPF,VDD and prolonged APD90 in a concentration dependent manner as compared with the baseline values.Pretreatment with Bay K8644 could block the effects of remifentanil on SA node pacemaker cells,while TEA did not affect the electrophysiologic effects of remifentanil on SA node pacemaker cells.Conclusion Remifentanil exerts a negative chronotropic action on SA node pacemaker cells.These effects are likely produced by decrease in Ca2+ current,while opening of K + channels is not involved in these effects.

Objective To observe the clinical findings about the endothelial cell injury related to the genesis of inflammatory cytokines and coagulation.Methods A total of 70 critically ill patients with SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) between September 2009 and February 2010 were enrolled for a prospective and control study.According to diagnostic criteria of Sepsis/SIRS,the patients were divided into two groups:sepsis group (n =38) and SIRS group (n =32),and another 20 healthy volunteers served as control group.Patients in the sepsis group and SIRS group were matched by clinical signs of high blood pressure,diabetes and its complications.The demographics of patients including age,sex,body mass index (BMI),smoking and alcohol addict were comparable among the different groups.The 6 ml peripheral blood samples were collected within 24 h after admission to ICU for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the plasma levels of s-CD62P,TNF-α,and hsCRP.And variables of coagulation function such as platelet (PLT),prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),D-dimer and antithrombin-Ⅲ (AT-Ⅲ) were analyzed during 24 h after admission to ICU.Meanwhile sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score of critically ill patients was evaluated.Data were expressed in mean ± standard deviation and were statistically analyzed by using SPSS 17.0 statistical software.The differences in plasma levels of s-CD62P of patients in each group were analyzed by ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test.The relationship between s-CD62P and inflammatory cytokines as well as with coagulation were determined by Pearson correlation analysis.Changes were considered as statistically significant if P value was less than 0.05.Results ① Compared with control group and SIRS group,the levels of s-CD62P,TNF-α and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were significantly higher in sepsis group (P ＜ 0.05).② The plasma levels of D-dimer,PT,APTT in sepsis group and SIRS group were significantly higher than those in control group,while the platelet count (PLT) and the activity of AT-Ⅲ were obviously lower (P ＜ 0.05).③ In sepsis group,the plasma levels of hs-CRP and TNF-α positively correlated with PT,APTT,D-dimer,and negatively correlated with AT-Ⅲ,PLT (P ＜ 0.05).④ Plasma levels of s-CD62P were significantly correlated with plasma levels of TNF-α,hs-CRP,D-dimer,PT,APTT,whereas correlated negatively well with PLT,AT-Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The plasma s-CD62P concentration is elevated as a early biomarker in patients with sepsis,and it acted as one of pathogenic factors responsible for endothelial cell damage.Coagulation and mediators of inflammation promotes each other,aggravating the severity of the sepsis.The plasma s-CD62P may be the important factor associated with initiation of coagulation development and inflammatory reaction.

Obgective To analyze the relevant risk factors of recurrent wheezing(≥3 attacks) in the first 3 years of life.Methods Wheezing,respiratory sounds,risk factor were used as key words to retrieve papers in Chinese literature databases including Sinomed,Wanfang and Weipu databases.The same strategy was used to retrieve English papers in English literature databases including PubMed,Cochrane library and Embase.Time range was from 31th May 2004 to 1 rd June 2014.The execution of quality evaluation of the included documents was in compliance with Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and cross-sectional study standard recommended by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.The evidence quality evaluation was conducted with GRADEpro and followed by the Meta analysis with RevMan 5.2.R~ults A total of 13 studies were included in this Meta-analysis.Several factors were related to recurrent wheezing episodes,including risk factors such as maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR =1.47,95％ CI:1.30-1.66),asthma in parents (OR =1.94,95 ％ CI:1.72-2.19),family history of atopy (OR =1.94,95％ CI:1.72-2.19),male (OR =1.42,95 ％ CI:1.19-1.69),history of eczema (OR =2.36,95 ％ CI:1.69-3.30),colds (＞ 6 times) (OR =2.02,95 ％ CI:1.54-2.64),history of bronchopneumonia (OR =1.85,95 ％ CI:1.46-2.34),exposure to cigarette smoking(OR =2.30,95％ CI:1.68-3.14),daycare attendance(OR =2.27,95％ CI:1.97-2.60);Education received by the mother ＞ 12 years (OR =0.80,95％ CI:0.70-0.92) was the protective factor.Conclusions The risk factors of recurrent wheezing(≥3 attacks) in the first 3 years of life are maternal smoking during pregnancy,asthma in parents,family history of atopy,male,history of eczema,colds (＞ 6 times),history of bronchopneumonia,exposure to cigarette smoking and daycare attendance.The protective factor is education received by the mother ≥ 12 years.The prerequisite in precaution of infants recurrent wheezing is to ensure the utmost avoidance of hazardous factors and reinforcement of protective factors.

Objective To analyze the relevant risk factors of recurrent wheezing(≥3 attacks) in the first 3 years of life in Shanghai Pujiang.Methods A case-control study was conducted.Two hundred and sixty-two research children were chosen for clinical visits (＜ 3 years old) with wheezing at the Pediatric Department of Shanghai Renji Hospital (South Campus),School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,from January to December 2014.According to the frequency of wheezing,the subjects were divided into 75 cases of recurrent wheezing group (≥ 3 attacks),110 cases of occasional wheezing group(1-2 attacks) and 77 cases of no wheezing group.Probable risk factors were inquired by using face-to-face questionnaire.The passive agglutination method was used to detect the Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody immunoglobulin M (IgM).The indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect the respiratory pathogens.The Western blot was used to detect 20 items of serum allergen.Chi-square test was firstly used for univariate analysis,and then the multivariate stepwise Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors associated with infant recurrent wheezing.Results A total of 20 factors were found relevant to infant recurrent wheezing by univariate analysis,which included boys (OR =4.030,95％ CI:1.937-8.388),personal atopy (OR =13.125,95％ CI:5.951-28.946),allergic dermatitis (OR =9.833,95％ CI:4.663-20.737),allergic rhinitis (OR =40.327,95％ CI:5.300-306.842),like rubbing eyes or nose(OR =6.487,95％ CI:3.190-13.191),food allergy (OR =6.689,95 ％ CI:1.860-24.051),premature birth (OR =3.795,95 ％ CI:1.001-14.385),low birth weight (OR =9.075,95％ CI:1.106-74.450),parental atopy (OR =10.667,95％ CI:4.824-23.587),parental allergic dermatitis (OR =8.072,95 ％ CI:2.634-24.734),parental allergic rhinitis (OR =6.524,95 ％ CI:2.920-14.577),parental allergic conjunctivitis (OR =1.087,95％ CI:1.017-1.162),parental asthma history (OR =1.119,95％ CI:1.035-1.210),colds ＞ 6 times (OR =9.111,95％ CI:3.970-20.909),history of bronchopneumonia(OR =7.554,95％ CI:3.588-15.903),age at first time use of antibiotics less than 6 months (OR =2.388,95％ CI:1.129-5.052),exposure to cigarette smoking (OR =1.922,95 ％ CI:1.004-3.681),maternal passive smoking during pregnancy (OR =2.508,95 ％ CI:1.298-4.848),living close to wood stove (OR =3.342,95 ％ CI:1.427-7.827) and positive results of inhaled allergens (OR =1.821,95 ％ CI:1.420-2.336).Keeping cats was the protective factor(OR =0.922,95％ CI:0.864-0.984).The forward Logistic regression analysis showed that personal atopy (OR =10.278,95 ％ CI:2.503-42.202),like rubbing eyes or nose (OR =1 0.316,95 ％ CI:2.722-39.101),food allergy (OR =10.370,95％ CI:1.248-86.145),parental atopy (OR =5.402,95％ CI:1.340-21.778),colds ＞ 6 times (OR =7.048,95 ％ CI:1.688-29.423),history of bronchopneumonia (OR =7.876,95 ％ CI:2.040-30.407) and maternaal passive smoking (OR =3.696,95 ％ CI:1.013-13.494) during pregnancy were the independent risk factors of infants recurrent wheezing.Conclusion Personal atopy,like rubbing eyes or nose,food allergy,parental atopy,colds ＞ 6 times,history of bronchopneumonia,maternal passive smoking are the independent risk factors of recurrent wheezing in infants less than 3 years old.

Objective To evaluate the value of region Ⅵ lymph nodes in surgical treatment of cN0 papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC). Methods 98 cases of PTC with cN0 which received functional lymph nodes dissection were collected. We analyzed the results of pathologic examination by region Ⅵ lymph nodes distinguished from lateral neck lymph nodes(Ⅱ～Ⅴ) retrospectively. Results In 98 cases, the rate of region Ⅵ lymph nodes metastasis was 20.4 %(20 cases); the rate of region Ⅱ～Ⅴ lymph nodes metastasis was 13 cases(13.3 %). In cases with region Ⅵ lymph nodes metastasis, the rate of Ⅱ～Ⅴ lymph nodes metastasis was 45.0 %(9/20). Meanwhile in cases without region Ⅵ lymph nodes metastasis, the rate of Ⅱ～Ⅴ lymph nodes metastasis was 5.1 % (4/78, P

Objective To investigate the feasibility and effects of whole-procedure seamless nursing intervention during regional collaborative treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome.Methods Nursing intervention was performed on pre-hospital collaboration,transfer collaboration and catheter room collaboration during regional collaborative treatment of patients with ACS.Treatment time point,therapeutic effects and major hospitalization indicators were compared before(the control group) and after(the experimental group) implementation of nursing intervention.Results There were significant differences in mean FMC-to-B time,D-to-B time,referral time,obtaining informed consent time,mortality,LVEF and LVED between two groups(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in days of hospitalization,expenditures,percentage of consumables,percentage of medication,and in-hospital mortality between two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Whole-procedure nursing intervention can reduce time of regional collaborative treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome,improve prognosis,decrease financial burden and increase efficiency of ACS treatment.

Purpose:To evaluate the role of multi - detector row CT(MDCT) using reconstruction techniques in the assessment of patients with obstructed diseases of biliary tract.Materials and Methods: 47 Patients with obstructed diseases of biliary tract confirmed clinically underwent MDCT and their reconstructed images of biliary tract including multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) images and curved planar reconstruction(CPR) images were compared with those of 50 patients without obstruction and dilatation of biliary tract.The display effect of biliary duct structure and biliary duct wall and the display ability of biliary tract by MPR and CPR images between the 2 groups were compared and analysed.The reconstruction images of biliary tract were analysed retrospectively to evaluate the location and possible causes of biliary obstruction.Results: The display effect of biliary duct structure and biliary duct wall in MPR and CPR images of the group with biliary obstruction is better than that of control group,and the display ability of biliary tract in CPR images of the group with biliary obstruction is also better than that of control group.The accuracy of localization and cause evaluation of obstruction by MPR and CPR images is 100% and 89.4% respectively.Conclusions: The MPR and CPR images of MDCT provide a good display of biliary duct structure,biliary duct wall and an accurate evaluation of obstruction localization.The reconstruction technique of MDCT such as MPR and CPR should be widely applied in the evaluation of biliary obstruction.

Objective To assess the incidence of thrombocytopenia and abnormal coagulation,door to needle time (DNT),and safety in patients with ischemic stroke who receive intravenous thrombolytic treatment prior to the availability of blood platelet (PLT) and coagulation results.Methods Consecutive acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transient ischemic attack patients within 12 hours of symptom onset who were admitted from January 2009 to March 2013 were retrospectively recruited.First laboratory reports in their medical charts were collected to assess the incidence of thrombocytopenia and abnormal coagulation.In the mean time,consecutive AIS patients who received intravenous thrombolysis at Huashan Hospital during the same period were retrospectively recruited.The thrombolytic procedures were further optimized since June 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1006-7876.2014.07.00626,2012.With informed consent,intravenous thrombolysis was initiated without PLT and coagulation results after certain previous history and medications were ruled out.Thrombolytic patients were divided into two groups based on the initiation of thrombolysis before or after PLT and coagulation results.Baseline demographic data,symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage rates,mortality on the 7th day as well as functional outcome at 3 months were collected.DNT as well as efficacy and safety of thrombolysis therapy were compared between the two groups.Results Of 298 AIS patients within 12 hours of onset,8 had thrombocytopenia or abnormal coagulation.One hundred and twenty cases of intravenous thrombolysis patients were recruited.Waiting for PLT and coagulation results prolonged DNT than without waiting for them (90 min vs 59 min; U =870.000,P ＜0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH),early efficacy,7 d mortality and 3-month good outcome between two groups.Conclusions The incidence of thrombocytopenia and abnormal coagulation is low in AIS patients.Initiating intravenous thrombolysis prior to the availability of coagulation results can shorten DNT,while increased risks of sICH and 7 d mortality were not observed.