Objective To investigate the usefulness of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography for noninvasive evaluation of liver fibrosis in rats.Methods A total of 70 male Wistar rats were included in the group for dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver injury,and 10 saline-injected rats were used as normal control.Hepatic injury was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of DMN at a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight.Several rats in the group with DNM injected and the normal control group were randomly selected and sacrificed at each of the following post-injection time:day 5,7,10,14,21,24,and 28.And their livers were taken for pathology analysis.All the rats underwent ARFI elastography before sacrificed in order to acquire a shear wave velocity (Vs) to represent liver stiffness.Correlation between Vs and the histological finding was analysed.ResultsAmong 58 successfully modeled rats,9,13,14 and 12 rats were found to be with S1,S2,S3 and S4 of liver fibrosis pathologically,respectively.And 10 rats were found to be with severe inflammatory activity without any fibrosis.Values of Vs increased with the stage of liver fibrosis ( P ＜0.05).There was a significant correlation between Vs and stage of liver fibrosis ( r =0.947,P =0.000).The areas under ROC curve for the diagnosis of fibrosis S≥S1,S≥S2,S≥S3 and S=S4 were 0.983,0.995,0.999 and 0.964,respectively;for the cutoff values of Vs were 1.59 m/s,2.13 m/s,2.33 m/s and 2.51 m/s,respectively,the sensitivity was 95.8％,92.3％,100％ and 84.6％,and specificity was 100％,100％,96.9％ and 95.6％,respectively.The values of Vs in the group with severe inflammatory activity were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P =0.000).ConclusionsARFI has a relatively high value in the evaluation of liver fibrfosis in rats,while severe inflammatory activity may affect its accuracy.

In order to improve tensile property of vascular scaffold, we blended silk fibroin with novel human-like collagen with the mass ratio of 9:1, 7:3 and 5:5 (W/W), and then fabricated blood vessel tubular graft by freeze-drying process. We studied microstructure, mechanical properties, elements composites, degradability and biocompatibility of vascular scaffolds. These results showed that tubular scaffold with mass ratio 7:3 exhibited interconnected porous structure with pore size at (60 +/- 5) microm and porosity of 85%; achieved the desirable mechanical property (strain of 50% +/- 5% and stress of 332 +/- 16 kPa); had relatively slow degradation rate; could enhance cell adhesion and proliferation and had superior biocompatibility.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Blood Vessels ; physiology ; Collagen ; chemistry ; Fibroins ; chemistry ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Porosity ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds

Objective: To explore the effects of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the repair of soft tissue defects of rabbits with free flap. Methods: Thirty 6-month-old New Zealand white rabbits, male and female unlimited, were used to harvest blood from the heart. PRP was prepared by Aghaloo method, then free flap model with size of 5 cm×3 cm was reproduced on each ear of the rabbit. According to the random number table, one ear of each rabbit was recruited to PRP group, and the other ear was recruited to normal saline group. The base of flap on rabbit ear in PRP group was evenly spread with 1.0 mL autologous PRP, and equivalent volume of normal saline was applied to that in normal saline group. Then, the flap was replanted in situ. On post surgery day (PSD) 2, 3, 5, 7, and 14, 6 rabbits in each group were taken. The survival of flap was observed and recorded. The morphology of the basal tissue of flap was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expressions of CD31 and α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the basal tissue of flap were detected by immunofluorescence method. Another 6-month-old male New Zealand white rabbit without making flap under the same experimental conditions was used for harvesting whole blood and preparing PRP. Then blood platelet count in whole blood and PRP was determined, and the content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) was detected by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design, paired sample t test, and Bonferroni correction. Results: (1) On PSD 2, the flaps of wounds of rabbits in PRP group were reddish and adhered well to the basal tissue; the flaps of wounds of rabbits in normal saline group were dark red and poorly attached to the basal tissue. On PSD 3, the flaps of wounds of rabbits in PRP group were ruddy and closely adhered to the basal tissue; the flaps of wounds of rabbits in normal saline group were scattered in the plaque-like dark red and generally attached to the base. On PSD 5, the flaps of wounds of rabbits in PRP group were reddish and closely adhered to the basal tissue, and the flaps were alive; while flaps of wounds of rabbits in normal saline group were rosy and closely adhered to the basal tissue. On PSD 7, the surface of flaps of wounds of rabbits in PRP group was covered with a medium amount of rabbit hair. The color of flap was similar to that of the surrounding skin. The flaps of wounds of rabbits in normal saline group were generally attached to the base, and the surface was only covered with a small amount of fluff. On PSD 14, the incisions were healed well in PRP group, while small wounds in normal saline group were not healed. (2) On PSD 2, inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in flaps of wounds of rabbits in both groups. On PSD 3, the flaps of wounds of rabbits in PRP group showed neovascularization, with less interstitial hemorrhage; while there were less neovascularization in the flaps of wounds of rabbits in normal saline group. On PSD 5, a medium number of inflammatory cell infiltration and a small amount of new microvessels were observed in flaps of wounds of rabbits in normal saline group. Many fibroblasts, a small amount of inflammatory cells, and scattered new microvessels were observed in flaps of wounds of rabbits in PRP group. On PSD 7, the number of new microvessels in normal saline group was significantly lower than that in PRP group. On PSD 14, the new microvessels in the flaps of wounds of rabbits in PRP group gradually matured, and a large number of fibroblasts distributed around them. Some of the newly formed microvessels in the flaps of wounds of rabbits in normal saline group were mature, and the healing was slower than that of PRP group. (3) On PSD 2, 3, 5, 7, and 14, the expressions of CD31 and α-SMA in the basal tissue of flaps of wounds of rabbits in PRP group were significantly higher than those in normal saline group (t=10.133, 5.444, 9.450, 6.986, 8.394, 14.896, 10.328, 9.295, 13.902, 10.814, P<0.01). (4) The platelet count in activated PRP of rabbits was (2 863±962)×10⁹/L, which was significantly higher than (393±49)×10⁹/L in whole blood (t=7.690, P<0.05). (5) The content of VEGF and TGF-β in activated PRP of rabbits was (564.3±3.2) and (1 143±251) pg/mL, which was significantly higher than (99.7±0.4) and (274±95) pg/mL in whole blood, respectively (t=287.390, 9.648, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions PRP of rabbits contains high concentrations of VEGF and TGF-β. Therefore, PRP can effectively promote microvascular regeneration in free flap tissue and accelerate the survival of free flap.

【Objective】 To reveal the integral in vivo polypharmacokinetics (PPK) similarity or difference between Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, LJF) and Shanyinhua (Lonicerae Flos, LF), and provide reference for their clinical application. 【Methods】 The PPK model and its total quantum statistical moment similarity (TQSMS) method were used to compare the integral PPK profiles of nine components with anti-inflammatory efficacy (rutin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, dispsacoside B, macranthoidin B, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B, and isochlorogenic acid C) of LJF and LF. A total of 54 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) grade Kunming (KM) mice were randomized into LJF group and LF group (n = 27), and each group was divided into nine subgroups (n = 3) according to different time points. Subsequently, mice model of p-xylene-induced ear edema was constructed by oral administration of LJF and LF. The concentrations of the nine anti-inflammatory components in plasma samples of the mice were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). And the pharmacokinetics (PK) parameters of single component and the integral PPK parameters [total quantum statistical moment (TQSM) and TQSMS] of multiple components were calculated by Drug And Statistics (DAS) software and home-brew programs with Excel, respectively. 【Results】 There were significant differences in single-component PK parameters between LJF and LF (P < 0.05). Whereas, no significant differences were found in multi-component TQSM parameters, including total quantum zero moment (AUCT0-t, AUCT0-∞) and total quantum first moment (MRTT0-t, MRTT0-∞) for the total quanta (P > 0.05). Accordingly, single-component TQSMS varied from 0.220 4 to 0.968 9, and that for the total quanta was 0.828 4, suggesting no significant differences in the speed and extent of bioavailability between LJF and LF. Furthermore, in light of high TQSMS (0.828 4), the integral PPK profiles of the nine anti-inflammatory components of LJF and LF were similar under 90% confidence intervals. 【Conclusion】 The PPK model and its TQSMS method are appropriate and efficient to compare the similarity or difference of integral PPK profiles of multi-component herbal medicines. It is suggested in this research that LJF can be replaced with LF or vice versa for anti-inflammatory treatment.

ObjectiveBased on the network pharmacology system and quantitative spectroscopy of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） compounds， a topological network analysis method with equilibrium constant as the core was established to further explore the interaction between allergenic components and their network targets in Shuanghuanglian injection（SHLI）， in order to provide new ideas and experimental basis for identifying and screening potential allergens of SHLI. MethodAfter one week of adaptive feeding， 72 SPF-grade SD male rats were randomly divided into blank group， SHLI standard group， Lonicerae Japonicae Flos（LJF） group， Scutellariae Radix（SR） group， Forsythiae Fructus（FF） group， and 7 groups of SHLI matching groups（groups 1-7）， with 6 rats in each group. Rats in each group were administered the drug intravenously and blood samples were taken after steady state， high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） characterization profiles of the testing drugs and plasma components in each group were established， and the peak area changes of the drugs and plasma components in each group were calculated after the component groups were classified. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to determine the changes of immunoglobulin E（IgE）， histamine（HIS）， tryptase（TPS）， total complement（CH50） and terminal complement complex（C5b-9） in animal blood samples. MATLAB R2020b v9.9.0 software was used to calculate the network balance constants of the component groups with the targets， and the eigenvalues of the matrices composed of network equilibrium constants were calculated and ranked according to their values. ResultELISA results showed that， compared with the blank group， groups 1-3 could significantly increase the IgE level， groups 1-2， groups 4-6 and SHLI standard group could significantly increase the HIS level， group 4 could significantly increase the CH50 level， groups 1， 3-4， LJF group and FF group could significantly increase the TPS level， SR group could significantly increase the C5b-9 level， and the differences were all statistically significant（P<0.05）. According to the retention time of chromatographic peaks， it was classified into 6 component groups from C1 to C6 by HPLC. The order of the network balance constants of each component group was C6>C4>C1>C5>C3>C2， indicating that C6 had the greatest effect on the allergic reaction， and was most likely to be the allergen. The sequence of eigenvalues was C2>C5b-9>C3>C1>CH50>C6>C5>IgE>TPS>C4>HIS， indicating that component group C2 had the greatest contribution to the whole network. ConclusionBased on the correlation analysis of SHLI component group and allergy-like target network， this study clarified that component group C6 may be a potential allergen in SHLI， and the component group C2 may be a key node in the mechanism of drug action， which can provide new strategies and methods for the screening of allergens in TCM injections.