Objective To determinate the content of quercitrin in Fructus Amomi by HPLC.Methods HPLC with Nucleodur C18 Gravity column was used,the acetonitrile-0.01 mol? L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate-acetic acid glacial(18 ∶ 82 ∶ 2)as a mobile phase and detection wavelength at 254 nm.Results The linear range of quercitrin was from 0.029 to 0.464 ? g(r=0.999 9),The average recovery of quercitrin was 99.27 % with a RSD of 1.00 %.Conclusion The method is simple,accurate,and can be used as a quality control method for Amomum villosum Lour.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of infantile laryngopharyngeal reflux diseases(LPRD) with cyanosis as the main manifestation, improve diagnosis of the disease and avoid missed diagnosis.Methods:Clinical data of children diagnosed with LPRD at Shenzhen Children′s Hospital from September 2015 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Cyanosis was the predominant symptom in all 5 cases.The course ranged from 3 days to 4 months.Laryngomalacia was observed in 4 cases.Two patients were treated with esophageal atresia, 1 with esophageal stenosis and 1 with severe tracheomalacia.All 5 cases had vocal cord and arytenoid mucosa edema.The Ryan index was 65.92-1 444.5 in the upright position and 3.73-431.44 in the supine position.Three cases were treated with erythromycin and ceftriaxone according to the etiology.Two cases were treated with motilium at the same time, and 3 cases were with omeprazole oral.One case was recovered after 8 weeks and the Ryan index became normal.Symptoms were alleviated in 3 patients after 4 weeks, drugs were stopped by parents.One case still had cyanosis during medication, the symptoms were significantly relieved after tracheal stent implantation.Conclusion:LPRD is closely related to children′s respiratory and digestive system diseases.LPRD should be taken into account when children show unexplained clinical symptoms of respiratory and digestive system, and laryngoscopy and DX-pH detection should be performed as soon as possible to avoid missed diagnosis.

Objective To explore the protective effect of hesperidin pretreatment on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced acute liver injury and the effect on expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ. Methods Seventy-two SPF C57BL/ 6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, model control group and hesperidin group. Acute liver injury model was established by injected with Con A. The hesperidin group was treated intragastrically with 1 000 mg·kg-1 hesperidin for 10 days. Model control group was treated intragastrically with the same volume of 0. 5% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) were measured. Pathological changes in hepatic tissue were observed under microscope. The expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ mRNAs in hepatic tissue was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR). The contents of TNF-α and IFN-γ in serum were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with model control group, the contents of ALT and AST in serum were significantly decreased (P<0. 01) in hesperidin group. Pathological changes in hepatic tissue were markedly improved. The expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the hepatic tissues and serum were significantly downregulated (P<0. 01). The concentrations of TNF-α and IFN-γ in hesperidin group were (717. 05±205. 22) and(611. 06±92. 82)pg·mL-1 in 2 h,(811. 56±167. 47)and(786. 19±215. 44)pg·mL-1 in 6 h. Compared with model control group, the expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the hesperidin group were significantly downregulated (P<0. 01). But there was no significant difference between hesperidin group and model control group in 6 h after treated with Con A(P>0. 05). Conclusion Hesperidin pretreatment protects mice from Con A-induced acute liver injury possibly by inhibiting the expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the liver of mice.

Objective To study AngⅡ induced apoptosis of HUVECs and to observe the protective effect of serum contained huangqi on endothelial cell.Methods ECV-304 cells were randomly divided into control group,AngⅡgroup and huangqi group.In the control group,cells were cultured for 18 h,and the concentration of AngⅡ were 0 mol/L,1×10-6 mol/L,1×10-5 mol/L and 1×10-4 mol/L.The cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay.Electron microscope was used to observe the change of HU-VECs.Ultrastructure of HUVECs induced by AngⅡ was observed by electron microscope.In the huangqi group,serum contained huangqi of different concentration were added into the medium and cultured for 24 h,then AngⅡ of 1×10-4 mol/L was included and cultured for 18 h,and the apoptosis ratio induced by AngⅡwas measured by flow cytometry.Results AngⅡof different con-centration could all significantly inhibit HUVECs proliferation.AngⅡof different concentration could all induce endothelial cell ap-optosis.HUVECs apoptosis was observed by electron microscope.HUVECs apoptosis induced by AngⅡcould be inhibited by ser-um contained huangqi.Conclusion Serum contained huangqi could protect endothelial cells.

Polymorphism, Genetic ; Gene Frequency ; China ; Genetics, Population ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics*

Objective: To investigate the effects of Liangxue Tongyu Formula (LXTYF), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on brain edema in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage and to explore the mechanism. Methods: Intracerebral hemorrhage was induced by using the intrastriatal autologous blood injection. Rats were randomized into sham-operated (SO) group, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) group and LXTYF group. Rats in the LXTYF group were intragastrically administered with LXTYF every day while the other two groups were given normal saline. Brain water content was determined at 24, 48, 72, and 120 h after intracerebral hemorrhage. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) level, and MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA expressions in perihematoma area were detected by gelatin zymography and fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction at the four time points, respectively. Results: Water content in the ICH group was highly elevated after intracerebral hemorrhage, and reached to the peak at 72 h. Compared with the ICH group, the LXTYF group had lower water contents at 48, 72 and 120 h after intracerebral hemorrhage (P<0.01). The difference in water content between the LXTYF and SO groups was significant only at 72 h (P<0.01). Although the pro-MMP-9 level and MMP-9 activity in the LXTYF and ICH groups were enhanced, they were still lower in the LXTYF group than in the ICH group (P<0.01 for 24, 48, 72 and 120 h, respectively). And there was no significant difference in them between the LXTYF group and the SO group at 120 h. Meanwhile, MMP-9 mRNA expressions were increased in the ICH and LXTYF groups, but the levels in the LXTYF group were significantly lower (P<0.01 for 48, 72 and 120 h, respectively) than those in the ICH group. Also, TIMP-1 mRNA expressions at 24, 48, 72 and 120 h after intracerebral hemorrhage were up-regulated in the LXTYF group, and there were significant differences in TIMP-1 expressions between the LXTYF group and ICH group after intracerebral hemorrhage (P<0.01). Conclusion: Liangxue Tongyu Formula ameliorates brain edema in rats after intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting MMP-9 expression and activity and up-regulating TIMP-1.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the causes of chronic cough in children and its outcome after treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). METHOD: Fifty-six cases of children who were previously diagnosed as chronic cough by pediatrician with poor treatment outcomes, were made a definite diagnosis of CRS and then treated by otolaryngologist. RESULT: Fifty-six cases of children were made a definite diagnosis of CRS according to CT and/or nasal endoscopy examination. The cardinal symptom was cough in all cases, in which 35 cases (62.5%) with nasal congestion and rhinorrhea, 15 cases (26.8%) with snoring and mouth breathing, 6 cases (10.7%) with postnasal drip and expectoration. Among all the patients, stick purulent secretion in nasal cavity and posterior pharyngeal wall was found in 45 cases (80.4%), nasal polyps in 5 cases (8.9%), adenoidal hypertrophy in 21 cases (37.5%), nasal polyps and adenoidal hypertrophy in 4 cases (7.1%), allergic rhinitis in 19 cases (33.9%). After the combined treatment of CRS, 45 cases (80.4%) were cured, 9 cases (16.1%) relieved and 2 cases (3.6%) ineffective. CONCLUSION Chronic cough is the commonly cardinal symptom of CRS in children and it can be cured or relieved by combined treatment of CRS.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cough ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rhinitis ; therapy ; Sinusitis ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of artesunate on the expression of vascular endothlial growth factors(VEGF)and VEGFR in SHI-1 cell line.MethodsEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis was performed to detect the amount of VEGF in culture supernatants of SHI-1 cell in the condition of artesunate or not. The expression of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in SHI-1 cell in the condition of artesunate or not were detected by flow cytometry.ResultsWithout artesunate,the concentration of VEGF in the culture supernatant of SHI-1 cell were (980.3±2.2) pg/ml in 24 h and (982.4±2.3) pg/ml in 48 h. The expression of VEGFRI in SHI-1 cell were (6.40±3.11) ％ in 24 h and (6.45±2.85) ％ in 48 h. The expression of VEGFR2 in SHI-1 cell were (13.90±2.26) ％ in 24 h and (13.95±1.96) ％ in 48 h. With artesunate at 5, 10, 20 ng/ml, the concentration of VEGF in culture supematant of SHI-1 cell were (234.6±1.8)pg/ml, (114.9±1.6)pg/ml, (108.8±1.5) pg/ml in 24 h and (62.3±1.7) pg/ml, (60.9±1.6) pg/ml, (32.7±1.7) pg/ml in 48 h, respectively. The levels of VEGF in SHI-1 cells treated with artesunate at different concentrations decreased significantly (P ＜0.05).There was significant difference between 24 hours group and 48 hours group(P ＜0.05).The expression of VEGFR1 in SHI-1 cell were (4.30±2.21) ％, (4.20±1.37) ％, (3.90±1.86) ％ in 24 h and (3.80±2.87) ％, (3.60±1.73) ％, (3.00±1.82) ％ in 48 h, respectively. The expression of VEGFR1 in SHI-1 cell treated with artesunate at different concentrations were not significantly different (P ＞0.05). No significant difference between 24 hours group and 48 hours group was observed (P ＞0.05). VEGFR2 expression of SHI-1 cell were(4.40±1.15) ％, (3.10±0.68) ％, (1.10±0.72) ％ in 24 h and (3.00±1.68) ％, (2.20±0.93) ％, (0.60±0.92) ％ in 48 h, respectively. The results indicated that the expression of VEGFR2 in SHI-1 cells treated with artesunate at different concentrations reduced significantly (P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between 24 h group and 48 h group (P ＞0.05). ConclusionThe concentration of VEGF in SHI-1 cell was high, and artesunate can down-regulate the expression of VEGF and VEGFR2,but the effect of artesunate on the VEGFR1 was not significant.

Objective: To compare the effect of scalp acupuncture and scalp acupuncture plus acupuncture exercise therapy (AET) on walking ability in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: A total of 60 spastic CP children with gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with the same conventional rehabilitation and scalp acupuncture therapy for CP. The control group received conventional rehabilitation first and then scalp acupuncture. The observation group received AET, which was to receive the conventional rehabilitation and scalp acupuncture simultaneously. Before and after treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated by the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) score, scores of dimensions D and E of the gross motor function measure (GMFM) scale, walking speed, and walking distance. Results: During treatment, there were 2 dropouts in the observation group. After 3 courses of treatment, the MAS scores in both the control group and observation group decreased compared with the same group before treatment (P<0.05), and the scores of dimensions D and E of the GMFM, walking speed, and walking distance were increased (P<0.05); the between-group comparison showed that the MAS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the scores of dimensions D and E of the GMFM, walking speed, and walking distance in the observation group were higher or longer than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: W ith the same treatments, scalp acupuncture combined with AET is superior to the conventional scalp acupuncture method in reducing lower-limb muscle tone, improving standing balance ability, and walking stability in children with spastic CP.

Objective To explore the value of 3D-ASL parameters for predicting glioma grade before operation and the relationship between the expression of Ki-67 and microvessel density(MVD).Methods 3DASL images of 50 patients with pathologically proven gliomas (high grade:n=20,1ow grade:n 30) were analyzed retrospectively.The mean maximum relative cerebral blood flow was obtained by the hot spot method.The Ki-67 labeling index and MVD of surgical specimen were measured.The results were analyzed statistically.Results The mean rCBF,Ki-67 and MVD of low grade gliomas (n=30) were 1.69±1.27,3.73％±3.01％,25.43±13.03,while the high grade gliomas (n=20) were 3.18± 1.46,49.25％ ±20.15％,58.69±20.39 respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.01),which was positively correlated with the grade(r=0.620,0.871,0.698,P＜0.01).rCBF was positively correlated with Ki-67 and MVD (r =0.535,0.723,P ＜0.01).Ki 67 labeling index was positively correlated with MVD (r=0.629,P＜0.01).Conclusion The rCBF value is useful for predicting glioma grade before operation and related to tumor MVD and cell proliferation.The biologic behavior of glioma can be predicted to a certain extent.